How Does Rate of Concentration Affect the Rate of Reaction Between Marble Chips and Hydrochloric Acid?
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Introduction
How does rate of concentration affect the rate of reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric acid? Introduction We are going to investigate how the rate of reaction differs using varying concentrations of hydrochloric acid with marble chips. Prediction I think that the higher the molarity of the hydrochloric acid, the faster the reaction will occur because the less water molecules means the chances of acid and calcium carbonate particles colliding is greater. (If the acid was more dilute, it would contain more water molecules, meaning it would take longer for the particles to react with each other because the odds are reduced of them colliding. Planning CaCO3 + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2 (aq) H2O (l) + CO2 (g) Calcium + Hydrochloric Calcium Water + Carbon Carbonate Acid Chloride Dioxide To ensure a fair test, the following must be considered: * Temperature - to keep it the same or change it, reactions go faster under a higher temperature because the heat provides the particles with energy so they move faster and the collision factor is increased. However our experiment is to see if concentration affects the rate of reaction, not temperature so it must be kept as a controlled variable. ...read more.
Middle
However, a couple of anomalous results occurred, but were included into the averages that were plotted on the graph, because although they don't fit with the other results, it could be that my results that seemed to be normal were actually the abnormal ones and the 'anomalous' was not, even if that wasn't the case they were still included. These may have occurred because of the order that the concentrations were done in, the same concentration were not always in canon, and sometimes the acid from before would speed up or create a delay in events, but it was only a small amount coating the sides of the conical flask. Another reason for this was maybe because of this reason, after using 2M acid I washed the flask out with water, which is neutral and some was left in the bottom and coated the inside, so the acid was neutralized for a while before it could take affect on the marble chips. Evaluation I feel that to make the collection of data more accurate, taking readings of amount of gas produced at regular time intervals would have been better, so that individual graphs could be compared to others of different concentrations. ...read more.
Conclusion
would be altered and not be a fair test anymore. (We may even have to find this out for ourselves) In contrast to raising the temperature, would it not be inversely true that if you decrease the temperature, the rate of reaction also lowers. In reality we do this every time we put something in the refrigerator and harness this knowledge to our advantage. If you want to see the effect of elevated temperatures increased reaction rates you can leave some dairy product out of the refrigerator for a few days and compare its condition with the same age dairy product that was kept cold. However this is quite unscientific as it is immeasurable and the open room cannot be controlled it is open to whatever is in the air. This experiment would be more of a biology experiment because it is encouraging bacterial and microbes that secrete chemicals and toxins, so it is not strictly a chemistry experiment. Another variation on the experiment we did is to use a base and acid, such as magnesium and hydrochloric acid, again to use particle size would be a waste of time because there is no scale of variation because the magnesium comes on a roll and is quite thin, the independent variable could be temperature or concentration of the acid. Elisa Holbrook 08/05/07 P1 ...read more.
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