How temperature affects the rate of reaction between Marble and Hydrochloric acid.

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How temperature affects the rate of reaction between Marble and Hydrochloric acid

Introduction

This experiment will show how temperature affects the rate of reaction between marble and hydrochloric acid. CaCO3 + 2HCL =

The results could be measured in several ways, one would be to time until the limestone has dissolved or the other method would be the measure the amount of air lost every x seconds, I will choose the latter because it is a more accurate way of measuring the rate of reaction.

 

In our preliminary we tested out various sizes of marble chips and various amounts of hydrochloric acid to make our actual experiment come up with very accurate results.

Prediction

The variable we have chosen to investigate is temperature. Collision theory states that when a particle is given energy it vibrates and the more energy it is given the more it moves and so the more collisions there are the higher the chance of a successful collision is which raises the rate of reaction. I predict that as the temperature goes up so the rate of reaction will increase with it. It is also safe to predict that if I double the temperature the rate of reaction will roughly double. The energy given to the particles of hydrochloric acid and limestone will also make it reach the activation energy needed quicker increasing the rate of reaction as well. The illustration shows the activation energy marked with a pale yellow arrow. It is the difference between the energy of the activated complex at the top of the hill and the energy of reactants.

Collision theory

However, not all collisions in a reacting mixture result in a reaction. The particles (molecules or ions) in the mixture will have a whole range of different energies. Some have lots of energy and move about quickly; others have a low energy and move more slowly.

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In order for the collision to produce a reaction, the particles must have enough energy to allow the reaction to take place. This minimum amount of energy is called the activation energy of the reaction.

(particles must have sufficient energy to react together)

The particles with insufficient energy just collide with each other without reacting.

Preliminary Practical Work

I conducted some preliminary practical work to test whether my background research is correct.  I will look at the reaction between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric acid, and see whether the factors that I have researched do actually affect ...

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