Physics Project Maglev Trains

by venky1998 (student)

Physics Project – Maglev Trains

Introduction

Maglev trains are the means of transport clear – cut for the rapid and modernised society of the 21st century. With top speeds of 500 km/h the maglev trains can travel as fast as passenger aircrafts for a lower cost and with minimal impact to the environment. They are in fact possibly one of the best discoveries and one of the most promising sector in the future travel industry.

The Laws of Physics

The Maglev train is based on –

Magnetism – When two sets of magnets, one on the guide way and the other on the train have like poles facing each other repulsion takes place. It is this repulsive force that drives the train forward.

Electromagnetism – The magnets used are no ordinary magnets – they are electromagnets. A solenoid is made using wires and an aluminium core. When current flows through the wires the magnet is magnetised. The speed of the train can be controlled by the amount of current being supplied to the electromagnets.

How is magnetic levitation achieved?

There are two ways to levitate the train –

Electromagnetic suspension where electromagnets on the train body get attracted to the iron rails. After this, constantly switching the electromagnets on and off at a fast rate allows the train to levitate
Electro-dynamic suspension where the magnetised coil running along the guide way repels the magnets on the undercarriage of the train.

Both these techniques allow the train to levitate 1 to 10 cm above the ground and give the feeling it is floating in air.

How are Maglev ...