RATE OF REACTION

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Zikria Abbas

Chemistry Coursework

Investigation to show how concentration affects the amount of Carbon Dioxide gas produced when Calcium Carbonate Marble Chips react with Hydrochloric Acid at different Concentrations

Marbles and limestone are rocks found in the ground. They are both forms of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO³) When Calcium Carbonate is added to dilute Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) a vigorous reaction takes place and fizzing and bubbles can be seen. This happens because a chemical reaction occurs.

The equation is shown below…

Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid -->  Calcium Chloride + Water   +  Carbon Dioxide

         CaCO3(s)      +         2HCl(aq)                   -->           CaCl2(aq)      +   H2O(l)   +         CO2(g) 

In this experiment I will be investigating the rate of chemical reaction between Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and Calcium Carbonate (CaCO³) marble chips and to investigate how the amount of gas produced changes as the Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid changes when reacting with Calcium Carbonate marble chips.

The variable which I will be changing in this experiment is the concentration of the Hydrochloric Acid in Moles and I will be measuring the amount of gas collected when the Hydrochloric Acid reacts with Calcium Carbonate marble chips for a period of two minutes.

Prediction

My expect that the Higher the concentration of Hydrochloric Acid the greater the volume of gas (CO2) will be given off when they react, this is because in a solution where the concentration is higher the particles are closer and compact which shows that they will collide more often which will result in an increased number of successful collisions and this will cause the amount of Carbon Dioxide gas given off to be increased.

This is because increasing the concentration increases the probability of a collision between reactant particles because there are more of them in the same volume so therefore increases the chance of successful collisions forming more products when reacting with other elements, in this case when Hydrochloric Acid reacts with Calcium Carbonate, Carbon Dioxide is the has given off so the Higher the concentration of Hydrochloric Acid the higher the volume of Carbon Dioxide produced. Increasing the concentration of any of the reactants will increase the frequency of successful collisions as more particles will collide and the concentration of Hydrochloric Acid will increase and therefore increase the speed of products being formed. So overall I predict that increasing the concentration of Hydrochloric Acid will increase the rate of successful collisions causing the amount of Carbon Dioxide to be higher when reacting with Calcium Carbonate.

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Apparatus

The apparatus which I will require for this experiment ….

  1. Conical Flask
  2. Delivery Tube
  3. Bung                -To stop Carbon Dioxide from escaping and all of the gas can be measured in measuring cylinder            
  4. Stop Watch            -  To time reaction for 2 minutes then measure CO2
  5. Electronic Balance  -  To weigh marble chips at 0.5g accurately
  6. Beaker              -   For reaction to ...

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This is a fairly good experiment. The author writes in a clear manner, but repeats themselves many, many times and often talks about irrelevant things. The Science is sound and good conclusions are drawn based on the results obtained Overall, this piece of work is 3 stars out of 5