Apparatus:
- 4 different sized beakers
- Water at 80oc
- Kettle
- Thermometer
- Rubber Gloves
- Stop watch
- Pen & Paper (for results)
Method: First of all I got the equipment, which consists of 4 different sized beakers, a thermometer, a kettle, measuring cylinder and some water. Then I put the kettle on, when the water was boiled up to 80oc I measured it in the measuring cylinder and put the correct amount of water into the correct beaker, then we waited and every 30 seconds on the stop watch, we then measured the temperature of the water in the 4 beakers with a thermometer, then we recorded them on paper and plotted some graphs.
Numbers and range: In total I will have 4 results for the 4 different sized beakers and for each beaker I will have two readings, and I will record the results every 30 seconds and at the end of all the results I will take away 2 minutes from 0 seconds for the first reading of the first beaker then I will do the same to the second reading for the first beaker then I will add them both and divide them by two which will give me an overall average for the first beaker, and I will carry that on for the next 3 beakers, in the end I should end up with 4 different averages with which I will plot a graph. Here are the 4 different beakers:
BEAKER 1: The biggest with 150ml of water
BEAKER 2: The second biggest with 100ml of water
BEAKER 3: The third biggest with 75ml of water
BEAKER 4: The fourth biggest with 50ml of water
Safety: I will try and make my experiment safe by firstly wearing rubber gloves in case we spill the boiling water, secondly by consulting a teacher before and after we set up the experiment.
CONCLUSION
Calculation: I calculated my averages by working out the difference between 2 minutes and 0 seconds for the first beaker and the first reading, then I did the first beaker and second reading, I then added the sums together and divided them by 2, to give me an average. I did this for the 3 other beakers as well. So I ended up with 4 overall averages.
Pattern: I would say that a pattern did occur in both of my graphs, as you can see in the graphs labelled ‘result 1’ and ‘result 2’all the lines go from a high temperature to a low one which shows that the temperatures did drop after some time, which was meant to happen, but then you see on graph ‘result 1’ the order from top to bottom is: beaker 1, beaker 4, beaker 2, beaker 3, which proves my prediction wrong about the bigger the beaker the faster it will cool, because beaker 4 is the smallest beaker and it cooled down faster than beaker 2 and 3, and also it starts off with beaker 1 which it should have, then it jumps straight to beaker 4 which should be last, but then it carry’s on as normal; beaker 2 and then beaker 3, so I think there was a problem within beaker 4. In the graph ‘result 2’ you can see the order from top to bottom is: beaker 3, beaker 1, beaker 2, beaker 4, so beaker 3 should be third but you can see that the rest is in order, so beaker 1, beaker 2, then it should have been beaker 3, then beaker 4, so I think there was a problem within beaker 3. In the graph labelled ‘averages’ I think it all goes pear shaped, because the points are so far apart from each other, which made it harder for me to draw the line of best fit, you can also see the averages in order from highest temperature to lowest temperature is: beaker 2, beaker 4, beaker 1, beaker 3, so I think that because the averages have turned out like that and not how I expected which was beaker 1,2,3 and then 4, I think that the whole experiment must have went wrong from start to end.
Evaluation: In my experiment I found that most of my results were quite off key, in the graphs ‘result 1’ and ‘result 2’ the orders were only one out of order. Then when it came to the graph labelled ‘averages’ the order was completely wrong to what I predicted, I predicted the bigger the beaker the faster it will cool, if that happened the order would have been beaker 1, 2, 3, and then 4, but because it went wrong it turned out beaker 2, 4, 1 and then 3. if you look at the graph ‘result 1’ the problem was beaker 4, and in the graph ‘result 2’ the problem was beaker 3, I don’t have a clue why those problems occurred, and by looking at the average I think I could have improved my experiment by doing it all over again but much more carefully this time round.