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Physiology of Exercise

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Introduction

Design Problem Statement: The purpose of this lab is to examine heart rate in response to caffeine consumption. Hypothesis: * Null hypothesis: There is no correlation between heart rate and caffeine. * Alternate hypothesis: There is a correlation between heart rate and caffeine. Hypothesis Explanation: Caffeine acts as a natural stimulant that increases activity, and certainly heart rate. Heart rate is higher in the first 30 minutes because the stimulant will eventually pacify. Caffeine will stimulate the central nervous system by blocking adenosine, a neurotransmitter that normally causes a calming effect in the body. As a result of adrenaline release, heart rate will increase. However, the stimulation of central nervous system can produce fatigue and restlessness1. Variables: * Independent: time of heart rate measurement at regular time interval of 15 minutes * Dependent: cardiovascular rate * Controlled: amount of caffeine intake Control of variables: As for controlled variables, I will be controlling the amount of caffeine intake which is 160 mg. ...read more.

Middle

Calculation of mean and standard deviation of heart rate (Person 6 - 10) Person 6 Person 7 Person 8 Person 9 Person 10 Mean 78.5 90.75 77.25 85 85 STDEV 3.696846 4.112988 5.315073 5.228129 5.560276 Table 5. Calculation of mean and standard deviation of 2 groups as a whole Group N Mean Stdev Std. Error Mean Pre-test3 10 82.6 11.1774 3.5346 Average4 10 84 11.8533 3.7483 Mean of heart rate of Person 1 = Standard Deviation of Person 1 Step 1: calculate the mean = 67.5 Step 2: calculate the deviations Step 3: square the deviations Step 4: calculate the standard deviation T-test Calculation of Person 1 Summary of results: The mean of the pre-test of heart rate turns out to be lower than the mean of the heart rate after caffeine consumption (82.6 < 84)5. The calculated standard deviation of the pre-test of heart rate in comparison to the heart rate after caffeine consumption is from 11.1774 to 11.8533. ...read more.

Conclusion

For example, a younger male athlete with low caffeine tolerance will demonstrates a higher average heart rate than one who has higher caffeine tolerance. * Human errors occur with the lack of knowledge on how to operate the equipments properly. Holding the heart rate grip monitor properly between the experimenters and experimentees is important. * An individual must completely by resting while testing for resting heart rate. Exercising during this operation will result in inconsistency. * Equipment error is an additional limitation of procedures. After my experience with the Heart Rate Grip Monitor, on one occasion, one's heart rate will start properly (i.e. 86 bpm). However, there are times when the result will show to be 0 bpm. When the starting point is at 0 bpm, the average will alter resulting in inaccuracy and inconsistency with other averages. Procedure modification: * Do not exercise or conduct any other activity while getting the resting heart rate. * Read the manuals and know your procedures prior to conducting the experiments. * Categorize individuals into either gender or heart condition (between an athlete and sedentary individuals) to increase reliability. ...read more.

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