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Chemistry Lab report - Production of Lithium

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Introduction

Lab Report Determine the Relative Atomic Mass of Lithium The aim of this experiment is to determine the R.A.M of Lithium by measuring the volume of H2 gas produced by reacting 0.1 grams of Lithium with water. 2Li(s) + 2H2O(l) --> 2LiOH(aq) + H2(g) Lithium is a group 1 metal therefore it is very reactive. It reacts with water to form H2 which is the dependant variable. Throughout the experiment I kept the mass of lithium constant, 0.1g, to provide an accurate experiment. I also used the same initial amount of water with the same equipment. Equipment Conical flask with bung Delivery tube Measuring cylinder (250 ml) Measuring Cylinder (50 ml) Water Pan Balance Large Bowl Lithium (0.1 g) Safety Goggles and Gloves Tweezers 1) First, I completely filled the 250 ml measuring cylinder with water (using the 50ml measuring cylinder). ...read more.

Middle

(+/- 2.00) Mass of Lithium (grams) (+/- 0.01g) 1 250 230 0.10 grams 2 250 192 0.10 grams 3 250 235 0.10 grams 4 250 186 0.10 grams 5 250 208 0.10 grams Uncertainties +- 0.01 grams (pan balance) - (0.01 / 0.1) * 100 = 10% +- 2 cm3 (measuring cylinder) - (2 / 250) * 100 = 0.8% Total Uncertainty = 10.8% Processed Data With this data, I was able to determine the R.A.M of Lithium. (1 mole of gas occupies 24dm3 at room temperature and pressure) 1) I used the average of all of the results. 230 + 192 + 235 + 186 + 208 = 1051 1051 / 5 = 210.2 cm3 2) Moles = Volume / 24 dm3 Therefore --> (210.2/1000) / 24 = 0.00876 moles of H2 3) 2Li(s) + 2H2O(l) --> 2LiOH(aq) ...read more.

Conclusion

* Some H2 escaped from the time when the lithium was placed in the conical flask, to when the bung was placed on it. This time delay caused inaccuracy. This probably caused the end result to be different and not accurate. For improvement, the lithium should have been suspended in the water with the bung in place by being tied to a string then released. * The pan balance is not the most accurate piece of equipment to measure mass. This gave inaccurate results for the mass which in turn affected the final result. * A measuring cylinder is not the most accurate piece of equipment to use to measure the amount of gas produced. A Gas jar should have been used to measure the volume of H2 produced, which is more accurate. Safety and Precautions There are many precautions to take in order to insure a fair and accurate experiment. Gloves Safety Goggles Handle Lithium with tweezers Wipe oil off Lithium ?? ?? ?? ?? Sheheryar 1 ...read more.

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