Lab Report - What volume of concentrated 12N HCl is required to prepare 250 cm3 of 5N HCl solution?

Aspect 4

Materials and apparatus required

1. Measuring Cylinder (250 cm3) x1
2. Measuring flask (250 cm3) x 1
3. Beaker (500 cm3) x 1
4. Glass rod x 1
5. Safety Glasses x 1
6. Wash bottle (500 cm3) x 1
7. A pair of gloves x 1

Chemicals Required

• Distilled Water (500 cm3)
• 12N HCl (104.2 cm3)

Aspect 5

Procedure

1. Accurately measure out 104.2cm3 of 12N concentrated HCl in a measuring cylinder.
2. Take approximately around 100-120 cm3 of distilled water in the 500 cc beaker and add 104.2 cm3 of Concentrated 12N HCl carefully. Glass rod must be used for stirring. Gloves must be used along with safety goggles as a step of precaution.
3.  Cool the beaker when it gets hot under the tap water from time to time and transfer the solution to the 250 cm3 measuring flask.
4. Add the remaining amount of distilled water using the wash bottle to get accurate results.
5. When the water level of the measuring flask reaches the 250 cm3 mark, shake the solution well so that the solution becomes uniform.

Data Collection and Processing

Aspect 1

Recording Data

The dark yellow colored concentrated HCl turned colorless when distilled water was added to it. It was an exothermic reaction, lot of heat was produced and beaker turned hot. A pungent smell was also produced during the reaction.

Units

Volume of a solution- centimeter cube (cc or cm3)

Uncertainty

Uncertainty= Least Count/2

• Least Count of Measuring flask = ±  0.1 cm3

So, Uncertainty= ± 0.1/2 = ± 0.05 cm3

Aspect 2

Processing Recorded Data

Conclusion and Evaluation

Aspect 1

Conclusion

Therefore, in order to prepare 5N HCl we require 104.16 cm3 of 12N HCl.

Aspect 2

Evaluating Procedures

• Percentage errors-

Percentage error= Uncertainty*100/True Value

• Volume of 12N concentrated HCl solution                            =    00.05   *  100

                (Measuring flask)                                                      104.5

                                                                          =    0.049%

• Volume of 5N HCl solution made                                         =    00.05   *  100

                (Measuring flask)                                                            250

                                                                            =    0.02%

       ∴  Total uncertainty                      =     0.069%

Aspect 3

Improving the Investigation

• All the utensils should be washed properly to remove the uncertainty.
• Every time use a fresh sample of the chemicals.
• Use tested equipments with the least amount of uncertainty.
• Make sure you do the experiment carefully to avoid the manual errors.