Mechanisms of PETCO2 and O2 changes during exercise.

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Mechanisms of PETCO2 and O2 changes during exercise.

End-tidal tensions of oxygen (PETO2) and carbon dioxide (PETCO2) are values that can determine a precise estimate of arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide pressures (PaO2, PaCO2). The method of obtaining these values is done non-invasively by sampling the end of exhalation at the mouth so that the CO2 and O2 measured at the end of a tidal breath reflects alveolar CO2 (LeMura, 2004). PETCO2 is also helpful in determining the adequacy of gas exchange (hypercapnia). The normal resting value of PETO2 is 90mmHg and increases during exercise to allocate the extra work load placed on muscles in the production of energy (Wasserman, 2004). PETO2 has been found to be closely related to PaO2 through changes in VO2 and RER, in young and old patients with normal lung function. When corrections are made for dry or wet gases, the difference seen between PETO2 and PaO2 is very minimal. PETO2 like PETCO2 is helpful as it is easy to measure it also automatically adapts to the actual RER and it allows for the use of an alternative respiratory index entirely based on measured values and not of an assumed RER (Bengtsson, 2001). Normal