Work motivation theories

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Work motivation theories

Since motivation deals with the factors that energise, direct and sustain behaviour (figure 2.1) ,there are a lot of important variables ,which may influence an individual's motivation at work. These variables can be distinguished in three groups: characteristics of the individual, job characteristics, and work environment characteristics1. Model developed by Steers will describe these variables as fallows.

model

According to Steers and Porter the antecedents of organizational commitment are personal characteristics (need for achievement, age and education),job characteristics (feedback, interesting and meaningful work) and work attitudes (group attitudes).All antecedents together determine a person's organizational commitment, which in turn influences ,among others, a person's job performance and desire to stay in membership with company.

They further pointed out that

"Individuals enter organizations with certain needs, desires, skills, and so forth and expect to find a work environment where they can utilize their abilities and satisfy many of their basic needs. Where the organization provides such opportunities (e.g. where it makes effective use of its employees, its dependable, etc.),the likelihood of increasing commitment is apparently enhanced. However, where the organization is not dependable, or where it fails to provide employees with challenging and meaningful