The US Federal Court system.

The Federal Court system many individuals don't realize a lot about the numerous federal courts that are located nationwide. This is simply because the courts are not well known unlike the congress debates that are publicized on the T.V. These courts do not have a big impact on individual lives. The Federal Courts are responsible for numerous different things such as the hearing of certain cases that involves legal disputes as well as interpreting laws and legal rights. The Federal Court system consists of two different courts the Article III court as well as the basic court that is established under Congress. The court's that are established under Congress consist of the United States Court of Veteran's appeals, United States tax courts, bankruptcy courts, United States court of Military appeals and the Magistrate Court. The individual judges that head these courts have main contacts with the Senate and the President of the United States. The Courts of Military appeals, the tax courts as well as the court of Veterans appeals are known as the legislative court's or Article I. The Magistrate and the bankruptcy court's are attached to the district court of the United States. The Article III Courts are actually made up of the United States Supreme Court as well as the United States district courts as well as the circuit courts of appeals. The Article III courts have greater power since they are independent. Article III courts as well consist of two special courts the United States court of claims and the United States court of International trade. These courts are considered special because they do not have normal jurisdictions. Courts of normal jurisdictions are entitled to hear any case.

Trial and Appellate

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Trial and Appellate

The difference between the trial and appellate courts are the trial courts hold trials and the appellate courts hold appeals. Trials will always originate in the trial courts even though sometimes trials maybe referred to as courts of original jurisdiction. A case can move from a trial to appellate court, these two levels of courts form a hierarchical jurisdiction. The trial courts hear trails as well as have witnesses and evidence presented. Trial courts is where individuals are determined to be guilty or innocent and sentences are handed to those found guilty. There are two subdivisions of trial courts which have limited jurisdictions as well as general jurisdictions. The courts of limited jurisdictions are the courts that handle small cases such as misdemeanors which usually do not obtain records of these courts existence. The courts of general jurisdictions are the courts that try more serious crimes which can impose more than a year in jail as the punishment, these courts are courts of records.

The Appellate courts differ from trial courts in the aspect that they hear appeals from trial courts. These courts will not conduct trials on their own. The Appellate court rulings are based primarily on the information that is presented by both sides which will contain arguments as well as legal reasoning's, no evidence or witnesses are presented in the Appellate courts. The appeals are argued by legal representation such as attorneys. The attorney's argue the points of law vs presenting evidence of the case. The defendants have the right to an appeal based on the individuals belief that they have non effective counsel. Even though if new evidence is present that will exonerate a convicted person it is rare that an appeal can arise. For an appeal to have a chance of existence attorneys from both sides must ensure that objections arise during an original trial or the right to appeal will be non existent.

REFERENCES

(1) Meyer, J., Grant, D. (2003). The courts in our criminal justice system. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Sneb, J., Sneb II, J. (2008). Criminal law and procedure. Canada, Wadsworth Cengage Learningwww.mncourts.gov retrieved July 3rd, 2011 from Yahoo search engine

(2) Duff. C. James (2010) the federal court system in the United States (10:00pm) retrieved from: http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/federalcourts./publications/english.pdf

(3) Meyer, J. and Grant, D. (2003) the Courts in our Criminal Justice System. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.