CONFIGURING ACCESS POINTS
Abstract:
Wireless Connectivity - The netgear Wireless router provides continuous, reliable access to network resources and the Internet. It acts as a wireless access point, router and firewall.
Experiment:
Configuring and exploring different functions of netgear and creating an access point.
After logging in the cms domain using my user id and password, I type ipconfig/all at the command line interface
We are using netgear 108 Mbps Wireless Firewall Router with model numberWGT624.
Open your browser and type http://192.168.0.1 in the address bar of the browser. This will open the login page of the wireless router. A small login window appears. Enter the username as ‘admin’ and the password, ‘password’.
The netgear settings page will appear similar to this.
Click the setup wizard on the upper left corner of the page and finish the setup process following the screen prompts.
The most important setting that we should be concerned about are the wireless settings.
The screen is as shown in the figure below
Wireless connectivity:
We can see that the IP addresses have also changed and the gateway IP address is now that of the netgear router.
Checking router status:
Router status can be referred to view the settings and statistics of the router. If there is any change to be made in particular settings, LAN Port for example, we have to go to the corresponding tab on the left hand side and make the changes.
After selecting the show statistics, connection status from the submenus we can see the connected devices, their physical and IP addresses.
Security Encryption:
I enter the key “11C5A112ED” in iPAQ which is now connected.
SSID Broadcast:
By turning the SSID Broadcast off ...
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Checking router status:
Router status can be referred to view the settings and statistics of the router. If there is any change to be made in particular settings, LAN Port for example, we have to go to the corresponding tab on the left hand side and make the changes.
After selecting the show statistics, connection status from the submenus we can see the connected devices, their physical and IP addresses.
Security Encryption:
I enter the key “11C5A112ED” in iPAQ which is now connected.
SSID Broadcast:
By turning the SSID Broadcast off and removing my SSID from the list of iPAQ’s known SSIDs the iPAQ’s doesn’t detect the network
I turned the SSID on and can now see the connection is restored
MAC Address filtering:
The iPAQ is connected to the access point
The MAC address of the Ipaq is 001321b65c8f
After turning the access control on I can see that the iPAQ has lost the connection
After adding MAC address of the iPAQ to the access control list the connection is restored as shown in the figure below.
Content Filtering:
By selecting the block sites option and entering the keyword ‘yahoo’ as shown below
By selecting enable filtering at all times I am unable to access yahoo from iPAQ and from PC.
Running through the whole process using ‘per schedule’ and adding the PC’s IP address in the ‘trusted user’ box has revert the restriction.
Access Points:
Conclusion:
By conducting this experiment we can have good knowledge of how to configure a wireless router and gain a thorough understanding of router status, blocking a particular URL, filtering the content and adding security to our access point. We even get considerable idea of what a MAC address is and what a gateway is, etc
FRAME CAPTURE
Abstract:
Omnipeek functions as both a portable network analysis solution and as a software console for OmniEngines. It provides an on the spot, friendly GUI that can be used to analyze and troubleshoot enterprise networks quickly. OmniPeek offers an overall analysis for all networks under management, also on a portable basis. Even amateur users can find faults in the network using Omnipeek’s top down interface and point out specific problems which need solution.
Experiment:
The objective of this lab is to capture and analyse 802.11 packets and gather some data about the network for analysis. The data will include type of packets captured, number of nodes and channels present, signal/noise levels, beacons, CTS, ACK, probe requests and probe response, etc
Run Omnipeek
In the capture options window
Select wireless network connection 2 from the adapter tab
From filters tab select all stuff related to 802.11
Click the start capture and save the file to disk
Task 1:
Find the control, management and the data packets/packets.
Choose protocols under statistics displayed on the column to the left and a window appears which looks like….
The following are the percentage of packets captured
Task 2:
Types of packets captured within each main category
Tabular representation of the main category and the type of packets in each.
Task 3:
No of nodes
No of modes visible are 68 in hierarchal model
Task 4:
No of channels
As you can see from the screenshot, there are 11 channels. But the active ones are 1,6 and11.
Task 5:
Signal, noise levels in dBm
From the table below we can see that the signal/noise levels for channel 1 and 11 are good. Whereas for channel, 6 they are poor.
43, 44, 45
Task 6:
Number of packets/bytes transferred to/from access points
Packets:
Task 7:
Number of beacons, CTS, ACK, probe requests and probe responses
Tabular representation of the above task:
Task 8:
Total Broadcasts: 105,985
Total Retries = 132,394
The packet format is shown below
Packet Info
Flags: 0x00000003 CRC Error
Status: 0x00000000
Packet Length: 48
Timestamp: 14:39:01.016093300 03/18/2008
Data Rate: 2 1.0 Mbps
Channel: 6 2437MHz 802.11bg
Signal Level: 47%
Signal dBm: -62
Noise Level: 20%
Noise dBm: -80
802.11 MAC Header
Version: 1
Type: %01 Control
Subtype: %1100 Clear To Send (CTS)
Frame Control Flags: %10111111
1... .... Frames Must Be Strictly Ordered
.0.. .... Non-Protected Frame
..1. .... More Data
...1 .... Power Management - power save mode
.... 1... This is a Re-Transmission
.... .1.. More Fragments to Follow
.... ..1. Exit from the Distribution System
.... ...1 To the Distribution System
Duration: 8547 Microseconds
Receiver: ED:7F:F7:FB:BF:FC
Extra bytes (Padding):
....wv/...m...D. BB EC B7 EF 77 76 2F F2 CE 16 6D FC F6 99 44 E0
........n..*l... DF ED FF C4 DF C4 FA FF 6E FF FF 2A 6C BB FD EF
~J 7E 4A
FCS - Frame Check Sequence
FCS: 0x3CCBB76B FCS invalid. Should
Conclusion:
By performing this experiment I have gained the following understanding of Omnipeek.
Omni peek can take a network segment and analyse it by looking at the traffic. It can observe and give details about a single node and tell us who that node is communicating with and what protocols are being transmitted. All this data is generated dynamically without having to restart a packet capture. It provides us with a user friendly interface to perform all these tasks.
SIMULATION USING OPNET
Abstract:
To create a simulation of a wireless network using OPNET. Which enable us to analyse the state of the network by identifying and solving operational queries and ensure that performance, security and policies are in compliance.
Experiment:
TASK A:
Understand the model and setting the parameters.
The Random Mobility model provides real-time performance analysis of current scenario by monitoring the system which is a collection of Humvees, pedestrian units and base units to automatically spot performance anomalies, pinpointing concerned areas that might otherwise go undetected.
If we are looking for some specific results like network load, delay and the average message size we have to select the relevant parameters at the time of viewing results. These can be found under the global settings for wireless devices and under object settings depending on the requirement. (details of how to set the parameters will be discussed in TASK C)
TASK B:
Simulation I
To create the above scenario we require a wireless network which serves the requirements of our project. So I open an existing project called Random Mobility and change the attributes of the wireless LAN workstations.
The network looks like the figure shown below:
To edit the attributes of all the workstations:
Scenario 1:
-select all
-Right click and choose edit attributes
-And click on the edit tab of MANET traffic generation parameters
-Enter the start time = 10 secs, stop time = 600 secs, Packet size = 2000
For simulation 2 repeat the above steps by just changing the packet size to 2000
TASK C:
Right Click on the screen and select “Choose Individual DES Statistics”
The following window appears
From the Global statistics choose wireless LAN and check the four parameters that we require. Delay, Load, Media Access Delay and Network Load and click ok.
Click on Run icon from the toolbar which starts the Discrete Event Simulation. After the simulation is complete, we can right click and view the results which are plotted in a graph.
The results for Scenario 1
Average Network Load: 3461172
Average Network Delay: 0.006447
Network Access Delay: 0.004766
Average size of messages is the 84.36
Results for Scenario 2
Average Network Load: 361773.8
Average Network Delay: 0.000533
Network Access Delay: 0.000108
Average size of messages is the 142.71
Conclusion:
From the experiment I can derive two important conclusions. Conclusion from the readings is self explanatory as they give us accurate figures with decimal points. Though the second scenario has a greater packet size, the overall load, network delay and the network access delay is less when compared to the first scenario (which mundanely should have been more). And the most import thing I have learnt from this experiment is that it is very challenging to maintain a timely view of the status of the network in terms of performance and security. And Opnet automatically provides a real time understanding of our network and gives us a complete understanding of the situation even if the vendors of the equipment are different using different technologies.