(American Foundation for Suicide Prevention).
Gender, location, and ethnic background also play a part in the suicide crisis. In the United States, 3.6 times as many teen boys committed suicide as opposed to girls. Since suicide is often associated with aggressive behavior, it is logical that suicide would be more common in males since aggressive behavior is more common in males. In both males and females, suicides among white American teenagers is more common then among black American teenagers. In addition, youth suicide rates are highest in the Western states and Alaska, while they are the lowest in the South, North Central, and North Eastern States (Galas 18).
Depression and suicidal feelings are considered to be mental disorders. Although they are treatable, an adolescent must have his illness first recognized by others, diagnosed, and finally treated. Depression, like any other disorder, has many signs, which can indicate a teenager’s mental state. Frequent sadness, tearfulness, crying, or persistent hopelessness characterizes depression. A depressed teen may have the inability to enjoy a previously favorite activity like a sport or hobby. Things that were once fun do not bring little joy to them. They may also experience social isolation. An adolescent who used to often spend time with friends may now spend time most of their time alone, find difficulty building new relationships, and appear without interests. They might also start to spend time with a new group of friends and leave their old friends behind. Feelings of low self esteem or severe guilt is also a characteristic of depression. A teenager may suddenly become very sensitive to rejection of failure. They might start to take constructive criticism from adults in a completely negative light, or they can be intolerable of praise or rewards. Depressed adolescents may become increasingly irritable, angry or hostile. They could start to abuse alcohol or drugs as a way to feel better about themselves. Attendance in school is also a good clue to depression. Students who have commonly been absent from or late for school, experience a sudden drop in grades and performance, or appear to have poor concentration are typical candidates for depression. They might also complain of physical illness like a headache or stomachache to avoid going places. Parents of a depressed child could notice a major change in eating or sleeping patterns. Rebellious behavior from teens at home or at school may actually signal depression that the teenagers has not yet admitted to themselves. A major sign or depression is a change or unusual neglect of personal appearance. Someone who used to pride himself or herself in physical appearance may find a new wardrobe or a new look to gain more attention from others. Another warning sign of depression is the topic of poems, essays, or drawings referring to death. In severe cases of depression, a teenager may start to give away their favorite possessions, complain of being a terrible person, or even begin to have hallucinations and extremely bizarre thoughts. If one or more of these signs consistently appears in a teenager, the child should seek adult of professional help (Fitzgerald 25 and Mitchell 46).
The Catholic Church has also spoken out against suicide. We, as a church community, believe that God is the giver of all life. Each of us has been made in god’s image and likeness with both a body and a soul. We believe that life is sacred from the moment of conception to natural death. Therefore, no one can justify the taking of an innocent life, and we must nourish both our physical and spiritual life. The Catholic Catechism states, “Everyone is responsible for his life before God who has given it to him. It is God who remains the sovereign Master of Life. We are obliged to accept life gratefully and preserve it for His honor and the salvation of our souls. We are stewards, not owners, of the life God has entrusted to us. It is not ours to dispose of (The Catechism of the Catholic Church # 2280). “ With this in mind, we can see why suicide has traditionally been considered a mortal sin. Taking one’s own life is wrong for several reasons. First, each person should seek to preserve life. Suicide defies our natural instinct to live. It also violates a genuine love for one's self and for family and friends who would be hurt by such actions. The victim of suicide might not realize how much they are truly loved or needed in the world until it is too late. Finally, suicide defies the love we owe to God who created us. Everyone experiences suffering, but we are called to put our trust in God to get us through tough situations.
Although it seems obvious that suicide would be a mortal sin, we must look at the qualifications for a mortal sin. To be considered a mortal sin, the act must be a serious matter. Suicide is obviously a grievous matter. Second, the act must have had sufficient reflection and had the full consent of the will of the person performing it. It can be assumed that not all suicide cases contain a person who was in the mental state to know exactly what they are doing. A person considering suicide may see it as the only solution to their problems. Therefore, they did not have a sufficient reflection or full consent of the will. Fear, ignorance, force, or psychological problems can take control of a person’s mind. The person may not be fully or even responsible for their actions. This does not make suicide right, but it does make us realize the person might not be totally in control of their decisions. The Catholic Catechism also makes room for these types of situations. It states, “ Grave psychological disturbances, anguish, or grave fear of hardship, suffering, or torture can diminish the responsibility of the one committing suicide (The Catechism of the Catholic Church # 2282).” This also does not excuse those who just give up and use suicide as an option, knowing it is wrong. Only God can read the depths of our soul. Only He knows how responsible we are for our actions, so we leave the judgement to God alone. “We should not despair of the eternal salvation of persons who have taken their own lives. By ways known to Him alone, God can provide the opportunity for salutary repentance. The church prays for persons who have taken their own lives (The Catechism of the Catholic Church # 2283).”
Since teen suicide has become such a problem, many organizations have formed to help assist those considering suicide, to provide support groups, and to educate the general public. School Gatekeeper Training is a program for schoolteachers and counselors to help them identify students at risk of suicide and refer these students for specific help. General Suicide Education provides students with facts about suicide and provides them with information about how to seek help for themselves or others. Peer support groups help develop relationships and social skills to try to prevent suicide among the high-risk students. Emergency counseling for those considering suicide is available through crisis hotlines and centers which are staffed by trained volunteers. Intervention after a suicide is designed to prevent multiple youth suicides in one area and to help grieving family, friends, and communities of suicide victims (Cobain 38).
Since social justice is defined as a situation in which the conditions needed for a person to survive and flourish are met, it is obvious to see how teen suicide does not allow justice to exist. I believe teen suicide, in all cases, needlessly takes away the life which God has put on this earth for a specific purpose. It is not the place of a person to decide whether they should live or die, and he or she should trust God’s judgement to get through times of trouble. These adolescents will never be able to have a job, go to college, or have a family. Suicide not only does not allow life to flourish, but it also does not even allow live to survive. Since teen suicide does not meet either qualification for social justice, it is easy to see how situations such as these deny the existence of justice in today’s world.
Bibliography page
Books
1. Grieving Teen: A Guide for Parents, Counselors, and Teenagers
by: Helen Fitzgerald
2. Teen Suicide
by: Judith C. Galas
3. Teen Suicide
by: Hayley R. Mitchell
4. When Nothing Matters Anymore: A Survival Guide for Depressed Teens
by: Bev Cobain
Websites
- Catechism of the Catholic Church online
www. christusrex .org
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention online
www. afsp .org