The Failure of the Israeli - Palestinian peace process and Israeli oppression

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THE FAILURE OF THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN PEACE PROCESS and ISRAELI OPPRESSION

The Israeli Palestinian conflict has been with us for more than fifty years, and recent developments don’t indicate that a peaceful solution is imminent.  Steps towards peace have been taken in other conflicts (like Northern Ireland, for example), with some success, but the Palestinian-Israeli problem has remained.  Why have so many attempts failed?   I submit and will attempt to illustrate in the following pages that the failure to reach a comprehensive, lasting and durable peace settlement between Israel and the Palestinians is seemingly due to systematic oppression by Israel of the Palestinian people and the blame for this failure most probably lies primarily with Israel and failed Israeli policies and practices, especially since Israel’s big land grab in 1967.  

This systematic oppression of the Palestinian people and these failed Israeli policies and practices include eight main areas which I have identified and which I will attempt to expand upon.  They are:  Israel’s human rights abuses of the Palestinians, Israel’s appropriation of Palestinian resources (including land, water and other resources necessary for the normal functioning of the Palestinian economy), Israeli confiscation and occupation of Palestinian land, Israeli settlements in the Occupied Territories ( West Bank and Gaza), Israeli claims on the question of Jerusalem, hard line Israeli government positions on these issues, the influence in Israeli extremists in the occupied territories and Israel and the issue of Palestinian refugees.  

Israel’s abuse of the human rights of the Palestinians is well documented.  Amnesty International states that “Israel has in the name of security flouted its obligations in human rights treaties it has freely ratified and has ignored recommendations made by the UN treaty bodies.”  The problem is, nobody does anything about these abuses.  Israel consistently, systematically and purposely ignores repeated UN resolutions, arguing that it is fighting terrorism and protecting itself.  We will see in the following pages, however, that this is not the case.  Israel, under a blanket immunity from its largest protector, the United States, has been acting in a brutal and I would even say genocidal manner towards innocent Palestinian people.  There are almost 1 million Palestinian people in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, not including some 300,000 Palestinians living in Israel itself.  Surely these are not all terrorists.  No one is disputing Israel’s right to defend itself, this is not the point.  The point is that innocent people are the victims of brutal, almost sadistic, Israeli aggression and calling the people who point this out anti-Semitic or anti-Israeli does not change the facts.  The following Israeli government practices are either clear violations of the human rights of innocent people or contribute to a permanent state of animosity towards Israel on the part of the Palestinians:  The killing of Palestinians, the abuse of prisoners and detainees under Israeli custody, extra-judicial political assassinations by Israel of suspected terrorists, Israeli demolitions of Palestinian homes, Israeli security forces’ reckless disregard for human life when quelling disturbances, the use of lethal force on the part of the Israelis and the imposition of curfews (some of the curfews as long as 22 out of 24 hours!).

   The U.N. and other organizations (medical relief agencies, peace groups, news organizations) and other casual independent observers have repeatedly condemned the killing of Palestinian civilians by Israeli security forces.  U.N. Assembly Resolution A/55/130 of December 2000 condemns the occupation itself, calling it “a gross violation of human rights” and points out the “excessive use of force by the Israeli occupying forces against Palestinian civilians, resulting in numerous deaths and injuries.” The same document goes on to condemn “the excessive use of force in the past few weeks…which has resulted in more than 160 Palestinian deaths and thousands of injuries.”   The Geneva Convention clearly calls on nations assuming the status of an ‘Occupying Power’ to respect the rights of the civilians under their control.  Killing 160 people, even if they are throwing stones, doesn’t do much to promote peace.

The abuse of detainees, including the use of electric shock torture and other horrors under Israeli custody, are also well documented.  One might argue that the use of torture and the abuse of prisoners might be in certain cases a necessary yet distasteful practice in select emergency situations, for example if Israeli investigators needed to know about the location of an imminent bomb attack, etc.  Some even believe that the secret police agencies of supposedly advanced Western democracies, including the United States, engage in the practice of torture and the abuse of detainees, especially in these cases.  Public criticism of the authorities in Western democracies of any use of torture in investigations, however, would most probably rapidly increase if the use of torture became a regular practice used by police and other law enforcement agencies  The interesting question here is that if Israel is engaging in the regular use of torture and abuse of detainees, can we in good conscience label the Israel state a true Western democracy?  Jewish peace activists and others have also been savagely molested by Israeli security personnel.  Gila Svirsky, in an eye-witness account of a police reaction to one such peace protest at Al-Khader, a small Palestinian village near Bethlehem, wrote:

“Recently, Jewish settlers in Efrat placed prefabricated homes on more Palestinian land in the village.  On June 14, 2001, Palestinian, Israeli, and international peace activists peacefully protested this illegal land grab…in recent months, settlers set down 3 mobile homes on a hilltop to "establish ownership".  The Palestinian villagers decided to stage a non violent protest march today, and invited Israelis and internationals to join them.  After the speeches, the activists started to move down the hill and away from the settlement, but it was taking longer than the police had ordered.  So the police swooped down on them and began to swing their clubs.  Neta approached a policeman and asked, "What are you doing?" and he started to beat her.  When Neta refused to duck or run away, he became incensed and continued to strike her.  Then he twisted her arm behind her back and began to drag her up the hill.  Neta did not resist, but walked with the policeman.  At some point, he handed her over to a policewoman, who grabbed Neta by the hair and began to drag her up the hill, even though Neta continued to cooperate.  Someone else took over the twisting of her arm behind her back, and this person continued to twist, harder and harder, until she heard the crunch of the elbow breaking.  Neta felt terrible pain and told the police she needs medical attention, but they continued to drag her by the hair and arm up the hill.  Anita from the Christian Peacemakers Team (CPT) ran over to ask them to ease their handling of Neta, but they began to beat Anita as well…Everyone was treated very roughly and six were arrested. Maybe a better label for Israel  would be a banana republic, meaning an authoritarian state which has a democratic parliamentary veneer on the outside, but  a repressive and powerful police state on the inside. 

Another Israeli government practice which might definitely lend credence to the above argument that Israel is a rogue, out of control, authoritarian state is the practice of extra-judicial political assassinations by Israel of suspected terrorists (including Hamas and Islamic Jihad leaders).  These people are singled out by the Israeli intelligence apparatus for assassination and killed.  This is in effect the practice of the death penalty, for a country which officially has no such policy, and worse, it is the practice of the very undemocratic idea of the denial of the accused to a fair trial.  What makes the whole exercise even more horrible is that fact that Israeli security forces sometimes even kill innocent civilians in these attacks, like one recent assassination attempt that went wrong and resulted in the deaths of several innocent bystanders, including children.

“There were conflicting reports whether the militant, Mohammed Sidr, had survived the attack in which a helicopter firing three missiles reduced one car to mass of charred metal and damaged two others. Jihad Badr, chief of Hebron's Al Ahli hospital, said three-year-old Burhan al-Himuni and Shadi Arafi, 13, were killed. The toddler's twisted, burned body was laid out on a hospital floor before being covered with an orange blanket. The child's father, who had been walking in the street with the baby, was among 12 people wounded. He was in critical condition”. 

This is a perfect example of an extra-judicial political assassination AND a good example of the use of lethal force where it was not necessary.  When questioned about this,  Israeli officials simply shrug their shoulders (as if to say ‘what other choice do we have?’) and coldly blurt out the same cardboard cut out answers, that they grieve for the families who have suffered the losses but that they have to defend themselves and assure their security.  First of all, Israeli officials can hardly be suspected of actually grieving for the personal losses of Palestinian civilians – if they did, they wouldn’t fire rockets from helicopters into traffic, where dozens of cars lined up closely together could easily result in accidents and civilian deaths.  Secondly, Israel could more effectively assure its own security by arresting suspected militants and offering evidence against them in an open court (like real democracies do), and by handing out long prison sentences to those convicted of what Israel calls terrorist acts.  This would at least offer weight against claims that Israel is acting in a unfairly heavy handed manner.  The worst thing is that little protest is raised in the capitals of so called Western democracies.  Just try to imagine the equivalent situation in the United States.  It’s as if the FBI sent a helicopter to assassinate a suspected Black Panther leader in the middle of rush hour traffic in Harlem, killing several innocent black bystanders and then casually shrugging their shoulders and explaining it was in the interest of U.S. security when questioned about it.        

Another aspect of human rights abuses are the demolitions by Israel of Palestinian homes.  Hundreds of Palestinian homes have been bulldozed and destroyed by Israeli authorities in the past. ( More 7000 homes belonging to Palestinians have been demolished since 1967, many in order to make room for Israeli settlers.)  In just a two month period, between 28 September 2001 and 27 November 2001,  some estimates claim that Israeli shelling & demolition has destroyed 510 homes completely, and  partially destroyed 6534 others.  Sources also claim extensive damage to 4000 buildings, 30 mosques, 12 churches, 108 water wells & cemeteries.  In addition, some 25,000 olive & fruit trees have been uprooted (an especially painful, cruel and unnecessary practice for Palestinians) and a great deal of Palestinian land has been bulldozed (78% agricultural), making it useless for farming.  Israeli destruction of Palestinian property takes place for two reasons:  One, it clears the way for land which is then illegally seized by armed Israeli settlers and provides a buffer zone around their illegal settlements in the Occupied Territories, and, secondly, Israel destroys Palestinian homes as punishment for the suspected or actual crimes of the homeowners’ relatives and friends.  Countless eyewitness accounts tell the story, like the following:

“On July 3, after an Israeli from the settlement of Susiya in the southern West Bank was found murdered, and without any suspects being identified or arrested, the Israeli army unleashed an unprecedented campaign of revenge and ethnic cleansing against the entire civilian Palestinian population of the area.  This morning we received word that Civil Administration bulldozers were destroying homes, farming structures and cisterns in the area of Jibna.  This is where, two years ago, the Israeli army tried to force the area's 3000 farming families out of their cave dwellings where they had lived for generations.  In October, 1999, the Israeli army declared their lands—some 100,000 dunams of land (25,000 acres) south of Hebron—as a "closed military area." (In fact, this was only one of 16 orders closing vast tracts of land throughout the West Bank at that time.) The land, though semi-arid and rural, is home to an entire society of Palestinian farmers who had farmed and grazed that area for centuries, developing a unique culture around the many caves that dotted the mountainous landscape.  The expulsion order affected, at that time, around 42 families, consisting of around 730 people (among them some 500 children), were violently and brutally driven from their homes.” 

House demolitions as punishment for crimes of suspected terrorists is an old Israeli tactic.  Israeli officials will often cite security concerns when questioned about these practices, but this is no excuse.  David Gilmour writes, “As practiced in the West bank and Gaza, this means that inhabitants of houses, villages or even towns can be punished because of the activities of one man over whom they have no control”  This practice and others that involve the use of collective punishment on the part of the state of Israel  are clearly in violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention on the Status and Treatment of Protected Persons, which states,

“No protected person may be punished for an offence he or she has not personally committed.  Collective penalties and likewise all measures of intimidation or of terrorism are prohibited…Pillage is prohibited…Reprisals against protected persons and their property are prohibited”

The Fourth Geneva Convention specifically attempts to regulate, in a civil way, the military occupation by one power (in this case Israel) over another (the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza).  Pressure by powerful Western states has not been brought to bear on Israel to change these evil practices, and this is a disgrace.  If states are allowed to trample not only on human rights of individuals themselves, but on international agreements that try and regulate barbarities in times of war, then we are no further ahead now than we were on the eve of World War II in trying to limit and destroy genocide.    

        The amount of force used by Israeli security forces is clearly in excess.  This is also represented by the number of Palestinian civilian casualties at the hands of Israeli police, military personal or settlers – 859 deaths, including 77 termed “assassinations” by many observers, over 20,000 injuries and over 2000 permanent disabilities in the same two month period cited above, between 28 September 2001 and 27 November 2001.  These figures can be compared by the way, to the deaths of just 212 Israelis by comparison, for the same period as well.  The deaths of people from both sides is tragic, but the Israeli argument that more Palestinian deaths doesn’t make their cause a just one is misleading.  It does in fact clearly show that the Palestinians are suffering disproportionate losses against an enemy armed to the teeth with the latest military technology (including an excellent intelligence service, a fully equipped and modern army and air force and nuclear weapons) who is illegally (by all international standards) occupying their land.

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        Another point I want to raise here about human rights abuses of Palestinians is the Israeli practice of curfew, which like house demolitions, is also a form of collective punishment.  Israeli security forces claim they need to impose the measure to maintain law and order, but these curfews may be imposed for long periods, causing economic hardship – especially for those Palestinians who make their living from agriculture and who have to be out of their homes to pick crops.  These can last for hours or even days and make people prisoners in their own homes.  Palestinians have been begging ...

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