Using creative Activities In care

University Degree Subjects allied to Medicine

Unit 9:

Using creative

Activities

In care

By Charlotte Raistrick.

Firstly, I feel this quote “no special ability or disability required” (Something to draw on by Carol Ross) is the most effective concise statement to answer the above question.

The advantages of using creative activities give self-explanation to why creative activities are used in care.

These advantages are listed as follows;

Almost everyone has used art as a child, and can still do so if encouraged to forget about images having to be ‘artistically or culturally correct’.
It can be used as means of pre-verbal or non-verbal communication. This can be important for those who do not have a good mastery of verbal communication, for whatever reason. It can be a vital tool in those peoples communication.
Pictures can act as a bridge between an Art Therapist and client, where the subject is too embarrassing to talk about or too disturbing to the client. This can therefore lead to help for the client.
It can be used as a means of self-exploration and self-expression. A picture is often a more precise description of feelings and depiction of experiences, which are ‘hard to put into words’. Aids effective communication.
The process of ‘doing art’ can sometimes help people to become more aware of feeling previously hidden from them; this is partly due to its relaxing element and escapism quality.
Using art can sometimes help people to release feelings e.g. anger and aggression and can provide a safe and acceptable way of dealing with heightened emotions.
Not only feelings may be explored, but thoughts and ideas. Promoting independence and choice.
Using art requires active participation, which can help mobilise clients. In group settings in can equalize participation.
Using art can create an individual ‘space’ which individuals can explore themselves without pressure, creating a sense of safety and even security- vital in the holistic approach to health.
It is enjoyable and importantly fun. It can be an opportunity for adults especially to be ‘allowed’ to play.
For certain disorders it can be used diagnostically, e.g. stroke victims.
In group activities, it can help social skills.
It can provide a challenge, which can be both stimulating to the mind and body.
It can aid in the learning of new skills or skills been lost by injury or illness.
It can be used to help with hand-eye coordination.
Exploration of other textures, materials and colour.
It provides a mental and physical form of relaxation.
Providing a sense of achievement, thus building confidence and esteem.
It promotes choice, also factors in building confidence and esteem.
Processes can be used as occupational therapy, e.g. the process of mixing powder paint akin to making a cup of coffee. The safeties of a craft room as oppose to the kitchen. Providing important first steps.
The arts have that extraordinary power to engage the emotions and so motivate individuals to strive beyond their limits because they are enjoying themselves.
Try to hold the activity in a room, avoiding rooms that group member’s associate with less pleasant activities.

Art therefore, given the benefits to the person can support the client in improving their quality of life, through a ‘fun’ medium. Proving to be highly beneficial to the holistic person.

Examples of creative activities:

There is a vast expanse of creative activities, all of which can help accomplish some, if not most of the benefits listed above.

Listed below are a small number of examples;

Painting

Drawing, with a variety of material e.g. pencil, crayon, charcoal, felt pen, wax etc.
Sewing, including needlecraft, knitting and weaving.
College
Cooking/baking
Music
Reading
Creative writing
Horticultural therapy
Art craft
Puppeteering, influences role play in ‘safety’
Drama, as above and as a release.

The Task.

In this assignment I have been asked to select, plan, organise and carry out four creative activities that meet the needs of clients in different care settings.

It is my opinion as well as, I am sure others that art and associated activities do not require lots of equipment and therefore incurred cost. I believe cost may be a factor in the lack of creative stimulus in care settings. I have aimed to perform activities with as little cost incurred as possible. My aim is to show that creative activities are accessible to all.

Task 1

Creative Makeovers.

My client group for this activity is teenage girls between the age of approx. 15 – 18, on the children’s ward at Stepping Hill Hospital. I chose this client group, in this particular setting because from experience they do not seem to cater effectively, for this particular group. I would describe them as borderline clients; they are too young for the adult wards and yet too old for the creative activities held on the children’s ward.

Another reason this activity has been chosen aimed primarily at girls, (although not exclusive to) is because of the apparent differences in life stages between boys and girls. I mean this in a non-sexist manner and merely as a general observation. This social divide is backed up by medical opinion and evidence based on the hormonal changes related to puberty. An example of this is Whilst most of the boys seem happy to play computer games (often aimed at their age group and below) the girls find this ‘childish’.

Although this activity is targeted primarily at girls, it will be identified later how this activity may be adapted not only to incorporate teenage boys but across a spectrum of clients.

Considerations of all activities.

Before deciding finally, that this should be my chosen activity I gave thought to various factors to ensure my activity is suitable.

My activity should be:

Age appropriate.

Open to adaptability concerning ability.

Genders appropriate, with adaptability to the opposite sex.

Should influence important beneficial features for the age group, i.e. social skills, understanding, support, boundaries and independence, fun, beneficial to the holistic health of the individuals.

With relation to the setting, group dynamics and building on them is to be important influence in my selection.

Providing a safe, environmental and emotional activity.

Open to all races and religions.

Providing an easily accessed medium of creativity. Including financial issues.

An enjoyable experience: a motivating factor in enabling individuals to overcome their limitations.

Reasons for my chosen activity and benefits to client

I chose make-up firstly because it is personal to girls, immediately arousing some interest in the activity, helping me in the implementation of my plan and also helping them to be creative with something that is familiar to them. This should help in providing an emotionally safe environment.

Secondly, I chose ‘creative’ make up rather than make over because it relieves the pressure of conforming to social and media expectations. I was conscious of the media projections of young girls having to look a certain way, an unreal suggestion. These suggestions that have a massive influence on their self-concept and self-esteem. It is also an issue that these clients are ill may not be looking ‘healthy’ anyway. To further add to this my clients will have come from a variety of social classes, backgrounds and cultures, they will therefore have different opinions on what is ‘The look’- what is beautiful to one may not be to another. With a make over ideals would be challenged, resulting in low self-esteem. It is for these reasons, it is not ‘beautifying’ I am hoping to achieve, rather having ‘fun’ with the safety of experimenting under the umbrella of a game.

Other factors and benefits;

Most girls this age own or have ready access to make up, making the activity easily available to them. Little or no cost to them.
The majority of this target group will have an interest in wearing make up.
Most girls this age are or becoming conscious of their appearance, the provision of a safe experimenting environment should be attained.
Given the materials we shall be using they should feel this is a mature activity however introducing some fun.
Because I plan for the girls to apply the make-up to each other, degrees of trust should be established. (Support).
Social skills and communication will be involved, improved and even new skills acquired. Given the hospital environment the importance of making friends and feeling an accepted member of the group apart from promotion of self-esteem and self-concept it is vital to their holistic health. All of the above a factors in their recovery.
An independent (of constant supervision) activity raises self-esteem through responsibility and trust.
The group integration will require the clients to empathise with each other, understanding gained from consideration for others.
Friendship may be born as a result of activity.
Give the clients a united interest, where currently they may
Self-esteem built by uniting other in the same situation.
Again, using a familiar medium (make-up) will create an opportunity for them to feel competent.
Self esteem can be built by support, praise, constructive criticism, appreciation, encouragement, reassurance and validation can be given by me and through discussion with other group members.
Boundaries are in place but are extended out of their normal limitations. Again promoting independence and allowing for fun and self-expression.
This activity is also a stimulus for the mind and imagination.

Plan of activity.

Forethought.

I have decided to give the girls some options into the activity we do, however I will attempt to guide them with informed choice, creative make up. The reason I am offering choice is that it is an important factor concerning this age group. It promotes independence with controlled freedom, allowing them to feel recognised as young adults and the associated sense of understanding they require. All key in building self-esteem and self-concept.

Before the implementation of my plan, I will draw some ideas on paper to give the girls a visual aid to my proposed plan. This should hopefully inspire and excite them to performing the activity. The other benefit to having these visual aids is I can show that their work does not have to be complicated to achieve good results

I believe it is important to give the clients an activity they can easily achieve, therefore incorporating the opportunity to succeed, giving self-motivation and again uplifting their self-esteem.

The Plan contd.

Accommodation.

On selecting the venue for my activity, I came across various obstacles. We would have free use of the day room (situated on the ward) however; this space needs to be accessible to all of the children during the day. For this reason, I have decided to hold my activity at 7 o’clock in the evening. This does however have some benefits, as follows;

Pro’s Cons

-Younger ones will be in bed. - The girls may be tired.

-The evenings are ‘boring’ - This time clashes with

-Skin will be cleansed before bed. Visiting time.

-Reduced risk of embarrassment,

-As the other clients are either asleep

-Or otherwise occupied.

-Ward will be quieter.

This is a preview of the whole essay

Pro’s Cons

-Younger ones will be in bed. - The girls may be tired.

-The evenings are ‘boring’ - This time clashes with

-Skin will be cleansed before bed. Visiting time.

-Reduced risk of embarrassment,

-As the other clients are either asleep

-Or otherwise occupied.

-Ward will be quieter.

It was my conclusion that we would have to use the day room because the other areas were not suitable; The staff room did not allow client access. The relative’s room was often in use, day and night and I thought it was unsuitable because of its size (too small) and lastly there are no cleaning facilities for the girls or equipment. Performing the excersise on the client’s beds was also unsuitable because of lack of space, creating a health and safety issue and there would be no privacy, which could affect the client’s participation. It is an unreasonable suggestion to use a room off the ward, as the girls are not allowed off the ward (insurance reasons and physical ability).

Accommodation contd.

The size of the room is perfectly adequate and easily incorporates wheelchair access. There are suitable furnishings in the room as it is designed as an adaptable room and often used for creative events (little risk of staining, furnishings and carpets). As it is on the main ward, lighting and heating are of acceptable standard.

Materials

For the purposes of this assignment, I have no budget. I have informed the ward staff to tell the appropriate clients to obtain make up and brushes of all varieties and colours. I have asked the ward to supply us with cotton buds for the purpose of applying the makeup. It is my aim to create art using products the clients already have.

Time available.

I have already established that this activity has to take place in the evening due to the availability of the room. I have until 9 o’clock to perform my activity; this is the time the ward gave me.

This time window gives me two hours.

Health and safety

With the consideration of the care setting, the risks to health and safety are minimal, as the ward environment has been designed in an appropriate manner. However, I will be introducing some foreign objects i.e. small make up brushes. This could present a choking hazard to the younger clients. To help in the prevention of these hazards I have prepared myself a list to remember;

Ensure make up is hypoallergenic if not owned by the client, this is to prevent allergic reactions. With unfamiliar products skin sensitivity tests will be carried out.

If mascara is to be used it must be owned by the client and not shared. This will reduce the risk of cross infection.

In addition, for the prevention of cross infection, we will use baby wipes for cleansing the skin. The other benefits include quick and easy to do, and reduction of risk of falls because we are not using water. They can also be used for cleaning isolated areas therefore not interfering with dressings etc.

I must keep a record of all the equipment I take with me, so I can ensure all foreign objects are removed at the end of the session.

I will strive to ensure the client’s ability is appropriate for the task, i.e. the client has suitable control over their hands, so not to risk injury from poking brushes in other client’s eye.

I will strive to ensure the client is of appropriate pycologiacal disposition to engage in the activity. However, I will try to ensure they are able to take some active role in the project.

Equipment list.

I intend to use mine and the group’s initiative to make best of our equipment, i.e. the whitening effects of talcum powder.

Rubber handles for easier grips of paint brushes.

Face paint crayons (my own) this will help those with a reduced grip and whose hands may be unsteady, they can execute the activity with little risk to the other client.

Any make up I obtain through friends’ etc. Particularly eyeshadows.

Photocopies of blank faces for individual Image creations. Also helpful for those who cannot participate in having make up applied.

My pictures and images of my ideas.

Hair grips, headbands and scrunchies to tie hair back during activity.

Hospital towels to protect clothing from staining and make-up.

Prepared checklist of equipment. (Health and safety.

Activities guide.

1. Introduction of the activity (10 min)

Proposed options

Ground rules: (indication of boundaries)

Listen carefully to each other

Allow each other to speak without interruptions

Respect each other’s views/opinions.

You do not have to take active part in the activity if you do not want to.

Try to ensure everybody feels comfortable

Remember others race and religions in your designs- non-offensive.

2. Designate areas of responsibility: to create opportunities to feel important, confidence boost.

3. Individual image making. (10 min)

4. Sharing and explaining their ideas with the group (5 min)

5. Putting the ideas into action. (1 hour. 30 min per person)

6. Photos of work. Sense of achievement. Polaroid camera and film supplied by the ward. (5 min)

7. Discussion of activity. (10 min)

8. Face cleansing. (5 min)

9. Tidy up time. (5 min)

Total time 1 hour 50 min. I have 10 min of flexibility.

Evaluation of activity

My overall judgement of the activity is good. I felt reasonably confidant performing my chosen activity because I felt I had done thorough planning, which ironically raised my self-esteem! Another factor in this was I was confident I had chosen a suitable activity for my group, which incorporated the relevant benefits to them, but it is an activity, which lends itself to a variety of adaptations.

I felt I immediately gained the respect of the clients by offering them choice. This achieved my desired aim of raising their confidence. One girl commented “ I didn’t want to do this earlier cos I thought it would be like school”. This serves as an example to my statement.

When I arrived to start my activity two of the girls were quite despondent and reluctant to make any effort whatsoever. A good aspect of my plan was to establish ground rules, one of which states ‘you do not have to have an active part of activity if you do not want too’. I could actively see this girls body language change, because her independence had been respected. She did participate. The other girl I spoke of had previously decided that what I was proposing was ‘just children’s face painting’. It was therefore a good aspect of my plan that I prepared visual examples, That encouraged her to join in.

By designating responsibility over the equipment, it helped the girls to embrace the activity and lift their self-concept.

I had allowed approximately five minutes for the girls to share their ideas, though I quickly realised five minutes was no where near long enough however it was in my plan to allow fifteen minutes in anticipation of this. By allowing the girls to discuss their ideas it raised the group moral and they became excited, they also felt proud of their suggestions and validation and recognition was received from other group members.

The application of make up went well and the girls were obviously having fun. It was at this point, however I realised an area for improvement. I had impressed on the group to remember other races in their ideas, however I had not provided suitable foundations or base colours for dark skin colourings. If I were to perform this activity, again this is an area for improvement.

As some people are truly frightened to begin making marks on a piece of paper. They are afraid of judgement, of ridicule and exposure. I think an improvement would be the introduction of music to the atmosphere. Certain types of music can provide an avenue of personal transformation from a state of fear to one of actually flowing with the elements of the music itself. Certain music can be a stimulus to creative activity, especially music that has certain rhythms, tempos and beats. This area for enhancement/improvement would have suited my target group.

Ideally, I would have performed this activity in the afternoon, as the clients were becoming tired and enthusiasm was becoming lost towards the end of the session.

This activity lends itself to the exploration of other cultures and religions e.g., understanding of the significance of tribal make up.

Adaptation of Activity

This activity is extremely adaptable to extend to all race age social class and ability although I struggled to form an adaptation to suit the needs of middle to old age men. This is mainly to do with the stigma of ‘using make up’. The design however might appeal.

It would be an endless list, if I were to write all the combinations of gender, age, race and religion this activity could be adapted to. to prove my point I have constructed a somewhat stereotypical list to display examples.

Older females: medium of make up used to perform ‘make overs’. Permitting safe experimentation of different colours, styles and ideas.
Teenage boys: Forms of body art would be more suited to this group. Again, it is the stigma of using make up which would be an issue here. I would suggest Fake tattoos, Henna designs and mask designs. Tribal make up and war paint.
Young children (both sexes): Face painting, designs, animals and characters.
The design of facemasks would be another area of expansion for this activity, more suitable for those who do not like/want or can not use make up on themselves.
Hat designs, would serve to enhance this activity.
Hair design, again as above.
The use of web sites: certain sites and software available for this free experimentation. This could be especially useful for people with physical difficulties.

Task 2

Collage

My client group for this activity is men and women in a day care setting. The average age of clients at this particular setting is 60+. I chose collage as my activity. The primary reason for my choice is the consideration of physical ability, as I am aware of the variety of people who attend the setting. I have chosen an activity to suit most of the physical obstacles this group may have. This is particularly important in raising their self esteem- an activity that is easily achieved. Therefore, the client has the opportunity to be an equal, and feel the benefits of achievement.

This activity needs only limited support even given the clients limitations, this factor will help to boost not only their confidence but feelings of self worth and self esteem. This activity is open to equal opportunities. It promotes gender equality; it is non-discriminatory and non- stereotypical. The reason this activity is non stereotypical was particularly appealing to me, I did not want to perform activities typically associated with older people such as, flower arranging, knitting, board games etc. felt this could further reduce their self concept and not stimulate their minds. I wanted to try to introduce an activity that could be performed by any age, and as a consequence of those promoting equal opportunities.

Again as explained earlier, this activity requires little expense and incorporates products easily accessed by the client.

The issues of social background, culture, race and religion are respected through my chosen activity.

This activity can also be expanded upon and developed.

Benefits to client

The benefits to the client through participation of my activity are as follows;

An activity that offers variety and change to their normal pastimes, beneficial in stimulating the mind and body.
A sense of achievement through the production of their work. Enriching the clients, self esteem.
As with task one it is equally important to offer these clients choice. This should help to conquer the feelings of being treated like a child, and restoring personal control, all of which aid self-concept and esteem.
AS this task is aimed at a spectrum of individuals, there is no need to have use of ageist language, furthering their self-esteem.
This is an activity that can be done by young and old alike, uniting the age divides. This can bring common ground between ages, races and religions. The consequence of this is raised feeling of importance, respect, and the scope to make new friends and therefore increasing support.
Collage can be done in groups, offering social interaction, or alone- offering interest and variety.
By being free scope of what they create with collage, the individual can sustain their identity.
It will become evident throughout the process to the client that they do have access to the equipment and results are easily achieved.
As this medium lends itself the client will be inspired to partake in creative activities which previously they may have been afraid of.
This activity offers the freedom of exploration under the umbrella of ‘fun’, creation of a safe emotional environment.
This activity requires physical and mental participation, encouraging both senses.
College can help medically for example, stroke rehabilitation, where the client may only have the use of one hand. It could prove helpful in the learning of skills lost as a result of the stroke or show new ways of adapting. The preparation of the PVA glue is akin to the process of making coffee, but in a safe relaxed environment.
Clients who have arthritic joints- resulting in restricted and painful movements it does not demand a strong grip and allows slow mobilisation can perform college.
The lack of physical strength- a natural consequence of age. Is not an obstacle concerning this activity.
By performing a non-ageist activity, it helps the client look for the positives not negatives of ageing.
It allows the client to be active and not passive.
Through art they can maintain their continuity in life and be seen as an individual.
The client will have full power over the work they produce, again raising self-esteem.
College is an exploration of other textures and materials, which previously the clients may not have considered in artwork, (primarily because of their school influence. A generation divide-evident.) This aspect can be an extension the client’s boundaries and promote independence.
With the use of different textures and other items such as feathers, tin foil etc. Those with impaired sight (natural ailment of old age) will not only be able to take an active role, but be able to appreciate the work of others. This will help to include all clients- non-discriminatory practice.

Plan of activity

Forethought.

In the execution of my plan, I considered the effects I wanted to achieve from my clients. It would be necessary for me to read through and understand the benefits to my client and the structure of my activity should reflect these issues.

As with my previous group the issue of choice was paramount in realisaton of the benefits, self-esteem and enforcement of independence.

Before the implementation of my plan, I will make a college myself in order to produce a visual aid to the client.

Although these client groups have a wide expanse of knowledge gained through life experience, this may not be reflected in their creative side. In order to cater for all, I reasoned college and it effects, are easily achieved, without the use of derogatory explanation. This will elevate their self-esteem and concept by presenting the client with the opportunity to succeed and be successful.

The plan contd.

Thought had to be given to the details of the plan:

Accommodation

My activity is to take place at the day care unit. This is one large hall type room. My activity will take place in the hall. This is a suitable venue. I do not need privacy, as this activity is open to all that attend the unit. The unit is specially adapted to the needs of the clients e.g. hand rails for support and ramps and space for wheelchair users. The room has tables and chairs, set out in clusters to seat four people. This equipment however is not fixed and can easily be moved. I will move the tables to create one large rectangle/square or horse shoe dependent on the number of participants. My aim in this is to unite the clients as a group, creating opportunity for social interaction. This will also allow those with hearing impairment to be closer.

The flooring in the hall is wooden so it reduced my concerns of the spillage of glue. The tables and chair are both plastic coated, again an advantage.

Sinks and cleaning area s are available just off the room, in the toilets.

Time available

I have reasoned that the activity should take place after lunch (which was cleared by the staff) I decided this because the tables were needed for lunch. After consultation with the staff we concluded that 1.30 p.m. would be an ideal time.

Dinner is served at five o’ clock so the room must be resumed to its original state in time for this. This gives me a time window of three ½ hours. I do not intend to use all of this time. I am not expected to use all of this time.

Materials

It is the theme of my activities to use little money or improvise with products usually available to the clients. I have previously asked the staff to compile any old magazines, newspapers and other materials they may have. I have decided to take my own personal bag of scrap material and wool. I will also collect objects of nature i.e. twigs, feathers, leaves etc. To keep on my theme of access to products I will take such items as tin foil, cling film, carrier bags, wrapping paper and buttons etc. I will however have to purchase some glue. The glue is readily sold in most shops so client access is still feasible. I propose to use strips of card as glue brushes. The paper and card to create and display the work is being provided from the unit as they have this type of material for their own display boards and offices.

The college newspaper will serve dual purpose in covering the tabletops to aid the clearing up process.

Health and safety

As I will be holding my activity in the main area of the unit, the physical aspects of health and safety have been accounted for. However as I will be introducing an unfamiliar scenario at the unit the are some issues I must address. The health and safety issues are also slightly reduced because many of my group members will have the use of common sense. These are as follows:

By moving the tables, it will create an unfamiliar surrounding. Although an improvement for social interaction it could present a hazard to those with deteriorated sight. With this in mind, I will organise the tables at the end of one room and away from main thoroughfares. I will also (with the help of staff) be extra observant and inform all those people it might concern, of the physical arrangement.
The glue I propose to use is child glue (PVA) and therefore safe in the use of adults. It has no fumes and is easily removed from clothing and skin.
I have decided not to use scissors for my project, I do not think they are necessary and will eliminate the risk of injury.
I will inform the group to be aware of the staples in the middle of the magazines, and the small risk they present. Remembering not to take a derogatory tone.
I will have paper towels to hand, so in case of a spillage, it can be readily cleaned away and hazards removed.
I want to be able to give the client the option to sit or stand whilst doing the work. However I faced myself with double quandaries; the chairs not in use present a hazard of trips and falls and although stackable, the clients may need them for support. I have concluded that my best prevention to this risk is to make all the participants aware of the impending hazard. Staff clients and I need heightened awareness of this risk.
The use of walking aids may also present a hazard. The clients need them to hand; physically and emotionally (reinforcing their right to freedom and choice. Independence). I will ask the participating clients to safely store their aids, e.g. walking stick hung on the back of the chairs.

Equipment list.

I will need;

Large supply of newspapers and magazines
Pva glue
Cardboard strips
Large size A3 coloured card to display college on.
Supply of plain and colouered A4 paper to create college on.
A pre prepared college as an example.
Blue tack to fix work to wall(display)
Bag of scrap material and wool.
Objects of nature i.e.twigs, leaves, feather etc.
Suitable household products.
A bin bag to remove rubbish
Several yogurt pots to distribute glue in.
H + pencils (little pressure required to make mark on paper)

Activities guide

organisation/rearrangement of tables(10 min)

Introduction of activity (20 min)

Distribution of materials(5 min)

Putting their ideas into practice(1 hour)

Discussion of activity (10 min

Clearing up (10 min)

Re organising tables (10 min)

Total time hours 5 minutes. This is one hour 25 minutes less than I have been allocated; this allows me some flexibility.

Evaluation of task two-College.

I had a very different reaction to my proposed plan in this care setting in comparison to the children’s ward. The clients here were either totally uninterested in taking an active role. Nevertheless, supportive to those member who did, or they were very willing to support me in my execution of the plan- with the knowledge they were helping me with my assignment. With this thought it became apparent how under valued the actual benefits of creative activities to themselves was. I was intrigued as to whether they would be open to the experience of benefiting themselves or trying to please me with their results. I referred to the hand out given in class on building self-esteem and tried to apply them to my reaction with the group.

It was clear that some of the clients were using the concept of pleasing me as a cover for their own fear, which actually allowed them to let go of their pre conceptions of art and have more fun.

I think by giving some options at the beginning of the session I gained their respect and they recognised mine.

I feel a good point of my plan is that I explained my purposes for doing this activity (for the purpose of this assignment) It gave the clients a sense of responsibility –to me and a sense of purpose, the feeling of being needed. These are senses often lacking, redundant or ignored in this age group. I believe this helped to improve group dynamics as they all worked for the same goal and forgot about their individual reservations and limitations.

By re arranging the tables it did improve social interaction where previously the group was divided. This furniture arrangement also made our discussions easier.

Again as with my creative make up the use of discussion time boosted moral within the group and esteem was raised by compliments and encouragement from their own peers.

I did not have a chair. The reason was so I could fully support the group and use tactics (hand out sheet) to raise self-esteem.

I considered the use of music in my group, as I would have used it as an improvement in my last task, but am glad I reasoned not to. My reason for this is, this group was much larger than before and I feared the music would not have the desired effect of relaxation- mind wandering but rather be a noisy interference. Many of the members had hearing impairments and their ability to communicate would be affected.

With the idea of giving free choice, I provided no themes or ideas on what pictures should be based upon. This I feel caused some confusion and created some barriers for the clients. If I were to perform this task again I would give Themes to allow people a starting point. The themes I would give would be open enough to allow for imagination and creativity for example; what makes me happy? , A picture of love. Etc. I would ensure that my themes were positive, as this is a key in raising self-esteem.

While performing the activity, I noticed that some clients had difficulty using the cardboard strips to apply the glue. An improvement would be the use of proper glue applicators or brushes. The use of adapted O.T. tools for ease would also enhance this improvement.

Adaptation of activity

As it was noted in my benefits to the clients, this activity is suitable for an entire spectrum of people, with no exception of gender, age, ability, race or religion.

Ideas on developing college:

Formation of sculptures and products through paper mache
Decoupage- To create personal items, gifts and to transform old items i.e. tables tops.
The art of college can be used to create very personal greeting cards- personal to the sender or recipient alike.
Formation of photograph displays.
To retain and display special memories, i.e. A visit to the beach. With an array of items you collected from your day and who you were with (entrance tickets, sand, shells etc.) Preserved in one piece of ‘special’ art.
The same principles of college adapted for use with sewing fabrics together in an abstract, patchwork quilt idea. This again can incorporate the above idea- personal memories drawn from ‘meaningful’ fabrics.

Task three

God’s eyes (ojo de dios)

Reasons for choice and benefits to client.

My client for this activity is a lady aged 78. She is a recently widowed. She now lives alone. This client is wheelchair bound. The activity will take place in her home. I have chosen to make a simple weave of a God’s eye with her because it is an activity that is suitable for her physical mobility by being performed comfortably by sitting position. It allows flexibility in its design- promoting independence of choice. This is an aspect of her life she has lost some control over both mentally and physically, due to her dependence on others, for mobility and thus restricting her mental liberation. I feel the development of a god’s eye is beneficial to her spiritual health concerning the symbolic history of this item- a belief that the spirit of god was contained within. This aspect of the activity will benefit her spiritual health by giving her a sense of hope. It may also help alleviate the loneliness.

The weaving is simple and repetitive but often very colourful so not boring, and particularly not derogatory or belittling in my choice- age appropriate.

The materials we will be using are commonly known as familiar to this age group. By choosing a medium familiar to my client, I hoped this would be reassuring and therefore creating a safe environment for her to be expressive and creative. This activity is not physically demanding however it does incorporate active participation.

Although not a difficult concept to grasp, I feel this activity is suitably mind stimulating, as it requires some concentration, yet allowing the mind to wander in a relaxed state. This aspect is beneficial to my client as it will alleviate the stress suffered from the loss of her partner and allow internal space for her to be free to work the grief process.

The process of creating a god’s eye is quickly achieved, creating opportunity for success and achievement, helping to raise her self-esteem and confidence.

I think this choice of activity will offer variety and change to the client’s personal feelings of creative limitations. By continued success in this area my client will have raised confidence to try other new activities, allowing areas of development for social interaction- creation of support.

This concept of weaving can be adapted and built on to become a suitable hobby. This again will give inspiration and release from boredom and opportunity to build confidence and self-esteem.

A sense of achievement will be attained because the client will have a tangible product.

My client has many friends and family most of whom live some distance away, the gods eye could be sent to them, giving the practice and the client a sense of purpose and destination. This will increase my clients self-concept and esteem.

This activity is also non-sexist, multicultural and fun.

Plan of activity

The details of my plan were given some evaluation.

Accommodation.

My activity is to take place in the client’s home. My considerations with regards to lighting, heating and space were irrelevant. However, it was a consideration of mine to make sure the client felt comfortable being instructed in her own home. I did not want to appear in any way controlling, as I believe this may affect her self-concept. I have decided to allow the choice of room upto my client. This will reinforce her independence, and ensure she is in an environment where she feels comfortable.

We require little space, as this is an exercise that can be performed seated.

Materials

Again, this activity was chosen with its regard of easily access materials and low budget. I will provide the materials we need. This will not cost me anything as I already have the products. It is not an issue for me to use my goods as the god’s eye does not use great quantities of materials. If however my client were to take this up regularly, Her materials can be acquired with little expense, wool from a charity shop, approx. cost 50p. Twigs can be used as traditionally were, or chopsticks even garden cane. All are of minimal cost.

Members of the group.

I have little knowledge of my client but that is unimportant with respects to the activity. This activity is; age appropriate, non-sexist, open to ability with the use of support and multicultural.

Time

I have allowed myself three hours of spare time. I am aware this length of time is not necessary in order to complete my activity. However, I am aware that it is often a need of this client group to have time with others to be understood and listened to. Although I have allocated this time, I hope to reinforce the clients independence = self worth, concept, by allowing her the choice to end the session. Given her physical disability she is often unable to control these issues. The issue of time will also help in the building of our relationship trust.

Health and safety.

The environmental hazards for this task are minimal. My only real concerns are concerning the mental state of my client. The actual hazards of this task are; Sharp ends/unprotected ends of the sticks we will be using- a hazard for injury to the eyes, by poking, The risk of strangulation from the wool/yarn.

As a preventative measure I will protect the ends of the sticks with blue tack and make my client fully aware of the hazard.

It will be my responsibility to ensure safe use of the yarn and ensure I remove all introduced equipment.

Equipment list

I will need;

A variety of yarn/wool
Four sticks
Feathers
Variety of beads
Blue tack, double use, 1) regards to H&S 2) to display work.

Activity guide

Introduction of myself. (reasons for doing activity) 5 min
Allow for client introduction 5 min
Introduction of activity 5 min.
Start activity 40 min
Discussion of activity 10 min
Display work 5 min
Tidy up time.

Total time 1 hour 15 min. This is half the time I have delegated to this task. However, this is as I had expected and lends flexibility to my task.

Evaluation of activity

It is difficult to summarise this task. The task was simple and easily accomplished by all ages and abilities, both mentally and physically. Therefore, I could reason this to be a positive aspect of my plan. My client easily grasped the concept of the design and the opportunity to succeed was fulfilled, in return raising her self-esteem.

I feel the activity did not meet her full mental needs, as the task was so simple. If I were to perform this task, again under the same circumstances I would have prepared a second task of making a dream catcher. It still rules the same concepts although slightly more taxing.

A benefit to my plan is that I had allowed plenty of extra time to dedicate to my client, recognising this as being one of her primary needs.

This client was of no strong religious belief, however the idea of god’s eye and associated beliefs appealed to her. This was fortunate for me and allowed me to recognise a potential improvement were I to perform the task again with a different client. To use the word god may distract interest from the activity were the client of a different cultural/religious background and belief. My improvement would be a) to title the activity by its original name- Ojo de dios or b) to describe the item's history using the reference to a deity rather than God.

In conclusion, I feel my client could have handled a more taxing activity, although I believe she did embrace the benefits.

Adaptation of the activity

There a various forms in which you could take this activity such as;

Making dream catchers- more mentally and physically trying.
Crochet
Using weave to create friendship bands.
Using weaves to adorn other articles such as cushions.
Different fibres could be used- an effect of traditional God’s eyes, helping in the education of different cultures and beliefs.
Large wall hangings incorporating Muriel type images could also be achieved using this method.
The game and similar cat’s cradle.
The creation of other materials from other cultures i.e. Rain maker, especially appropriate for young children

Task four

Group picture

My selected client group for this task is children aged between 3-5. I have decided to perform my task at a playgroup. I have decided to incorporate the children’s need for social interaction and communication as a primary function for this task. I propose to create a giant picture of creature. The reason I have described this as creature is because it is part of my plan to use the children’s need for fun and stimulation to create a creature made up of several combinations of animals. E.g. zebra, crocodile, parrot and fish. By using this variety of animals I hope to be able to educate the different feature these animals have; i.e. fins, wings, tails, teeth and unusual skin. The other aspect of this is incorporating different textures and materials in their work, giving extension to the usual boundaries in a safe and encouraging environment.

Benefits to client.

This activity is requires physical effort therefore taking advantage of a child’s need to be mobile.
This activity is stimulating to the mind, because of its theme and the materials I propose to use.
By using the ideas of animals and their differences, reasons behind those differences I hope my session will be educational- aspiring to the child’s need to be taught and desire to learn.
The child’s need for social interaction and development of vital communication skills, are both encountered within this activity
I hope esteem and confidence will be built not only not only from encouragement and praise from me, but also that from their peers.
The further enhancement of fine motor skills will be an achievement of this type of activity.
The children will be offered choice as to which part of the animal they wish to work with, promoting their independence through choice.
This activity is multi cultural, therefore non-discriminatory. Promoting equality.
This activity is age appropriate. Therefore an activity that is easily achieved by the children- boosting self-esteem and confidence.
This activity is non-sexist, allowing both sexes to work together with out concern or issue.
This activity should help provide fun and suitable mental stimulation.
This activity requires active involvement from the client and therefore providing opportunity to feel important and valued. These are essential elements is raising esteem.
By giving the child choice and flexibility as to where the work this not only simulates responsibility (and associated benefits) But also reinforces the above.

Plan of activity

The considerations before the implementation of my plan are as follows;

Venue

To keep to my practice of benefits to the client it was decided that all children at the playgroup were invited to join in the activity. This factor gave simple choice of venue. As there was no need to segregate any of the children my practice would be held in the main room of the building. This is a great asset with regards to health and safety and access to facilities and equipment.

The main room of the playgroup is adapted to the constant use by children and therefore such issues of heat, light, space and ventilation were already in practice.

The room was very flexible with the use of stacking chairs and easily connected tables. It is of importance in my plan for social interaction and cooperation skills to be enhanced- with that I have decided to remove the chairs out of the way, allowing for the child’s free movement (promotion of choice and independence).

The room has space for storage of equipment out of the reach of the children, which is an advantage.

Any concern arising about spillage of paint and staining furnishings were removed. The flooring in the playgroup is wooden and well varnished for its protection. The children are already issued with aprons and the paint I propose to use is water based and (apparently!) non-staining. I will have this issue to address with regards to health and safety- trips and falls.

Sinks and washing facilities location are well known by the clients and are easily accessed.

Members of the group

As previously noted the age group of my clients is between three and five years of age. This factor therefore puts a degree of range to their abilities. In order to hope all have the opportunity to be successful and achieve I plan to delegate responsibilities appropriate to their ability and age. The group is of mixed race and religion, gender and age. It is my opinion that this activity allows a wide enough scope to include these factors.

Time available

The time available to me was 1 hour 30 min. This was long enough foe me to achieve my activity, however this type of activity could easily have been expanded. I decided I would have to try to enforce some firm structure to my task, yet still respect the benefits to the clients.

Health and Safety

Again as with my other tasks the environmental issues were kept to a minimum, given the activity was to be performed in an especially adapted and considered environment.

My concerns and prevention’s are as such:

The hazard of children swallowing the paint: To over come this I relied upon the intellect of the children and gently reinforced the issue. The paint I chose to use was children’s poster paint, which is non-toxic. Although I had set precautions, I was aware of this hazard.
The hazard of children being poked in the eye by paint brushes:
To over come this hazard I ensured that all equipment used was of a suitable length for the children to manage and was blunt or rounded. This would not entirely satisfy elimination, because the children will be working close together, although it does greatly reduce the risk.
Falls is a hazard, from paint and water spillage’s and even paper on the floor. In order to prevent this type of hazard, I will keep all paint and water within reach but closer to the centre of the table. I will also ensure the containers for these products are made of a non-breakable material. I feel it will also be of benefit to keep paper towels close to hand, just in case! Falls may also occur from items left on the floor, as the children will all be standing and close together, to prevent this hazard I must ensure the floor space is cleared at all times.
The paint itself should not arise any hazards itself. As earlier explained it is water-soluble and should not be an irritant to skin or eyes.

Equipment list

I am fortunate to have ready use of all playgroup supplies, however If I were not this would be a compendium of the equipment I would need.

Children’s non-toxic, water based poster paints (variety of colours)
Paintbrushes, with thick brightly coloured handles,(grip ease and H&S)
Two large flat based (steadiness prevent against spills) plastic containers for water
Supply of paper towels or equivalent.
Six A3 size pieces of paper.
Egg boxes and other interesting household items.
PVA glue
Sticky tape to join the paper
Old newspapers to protect table tops
Soap for cleaning and access to water and drying equipment.
Aprons
Pencils

Although this list seems long in keeping with my theme of little expense, most of these items can be found in most children’s homes.

Activity guide

This activity is to follow morning playtime.

Introduction of activity. Her I plan to give a clear description of the activity, using appropriate language to the target audience. (5 min)

Ask children for help in organising furniture (sense of importance and responsibility) (10 min)
Discussion of what animals and why, incorporating the reasons the animals are different.(education/stimulation) (10 min)
Setting up of equipment needed (asking the children what colour they think we will need.(choice/independence-responsibility and support) (5 min)
Execution of activity (50 min)
Discussion of finished artwork (5 min)
Tidy up time. (10 min)

Total time 1 hour 30 min.

Evaluation of activity

This activity did not go as well as I had hoped. The group of children was quite large. By trying to give the option of choice it created arguments of who worked with who and over which animal they wanted to do. This created great clusters of children around one piece of paper. My improvement would to be to organise the group into teams. This flagged up a need in children for structure and guidance, (for opportunity to succeed) a need I had overlooked and replaced by choice. Choice can still be offered but in a more structured delivery.

The creation of teams would have overcome this with the benefit of giving the children a sense of belonging, acceptance and support. Although this would open a doorway for discrimination, dejection and isolation, which would in turn, defeat all of the intended benefits.

An improvement to the activity would have been the creation of team hats and their creation; i.e. black and white striped zebra hats or brightly painted parrot hats.

The extension to this task is long and could travel down many exploratory routes. A list of some examples;

Extension of the animals and their needs wants.
Where the animals come from
Insight into multiculturalism
Discovery of anatomy, and how the body works
The environment and geography.

Adaptation of activity

In order to extend this activity the themes need only to be change to make them age appropriate. The core skill of team building would be a benefit to all. The idea of all working towards the same goal is uniting across the board. With this activity, it is the method of execution where the benefits lie, not in the creation.

Evaluation of assignment

The principles of art in care are the same it is how these principles are adapted and incorporated into the chosen activities where the true benefits lie. I have hoped to demonstrate this in my individual client benefits. The benefits to clients are understated and therefore effective.

True quality can be brought to their lives with simple planning, low/no financial cost.

The benefits of creative activities are provided on the very first page of the assignment. Although I am sure this list is not conclusive, the benefits of creative activities to the client run far deeper- the overall achievement of improving the quality of life with a holistic approach. After the completion of my tasks, I am convinced of this.

Bibliography