Science is a structure built on facts. (J.J.DAVIES)Discuss the account of science. To what extent is it a supportable proposition?
Science is a structure built on facts. (J.J.DAVIES) Discuss the account of science. To what extent is it a supportable proposition? Science is an accurate method where experiments are performed and facts are observed. It's used to seek objective knowledge and understanding of the world. These facts that science is based on are supposed to be claims about the world that can be directly established by a careful, unprejudiced use of the senses. Science has to be objective and thus it's based on what we can hear, see, touch rather than on personal opinions. If the observations made by science about the world are carried out in a careful, unprejudiced way then the facts established in this approach will compose a solid and secure foundation for science. Empiricists claimed that scientific knowledge should in some way be derived from the facts arrived at by sense experience. Science is based on inductive reasoning, this is making a number of observations of some aspect of the world and all these observations seem to tell us the same thing. On the basis of this, we assume that every other example of this aspect of the world, including all those that we have not yet observed, is going to tell us the same. For example: many years ago every swan observed by an individual in New Zealand was white. Everyone believed that swans were only white and why not? All they ever came across
African Masks.
African Masks Masks are used almost in every African tribe. These masks are used for different purposes related to religion, politics and culture. They are used in ceremonies like weddings and funerals, initiation ceremonies, honor, politics and witchcraft. In Burkina Faso there is a tribe called Nuna, their tribe has a mask that is called The Buffalo Mask. This mask has large round eyes that stand out, surrounded by circles. It has a short triangular snout and decorative geometric patterns on the surface. This mask is made of wood and pigment. The Nuna people dance with this mask on market days, funerals and initiation ceremonies. Each mask has a special song and each dancer makes a solo. The purpose of this mask is to honor the powerful animal spirits living in the world around them and gain their protection and blessings. (Caleb) The Buffalo mask is used for a religious purpose that is to obtain the protection of the animal spirits, there is another mask called Nwantantay that is also used for this religious purpose. The Bwa people from Cote d'Ivoire have a mask called Nwantantay. This mask has an abstract geometric form that has patterns that only the initiated men know what they mean. The X's refer to the sacrification marks on the foreheads of the initiated man. Checkerboard patterns represent the separation between God and evil, wise and stupid, and male and female.
animal testing
"How far do you agree that testing on animals is right?" For a great number of years now animal testing has been a widely used strategy for testing household products, new medicines and cosmetics among other products. Each and every product used by humans is first tested on animals, and this has lead to the ethics of animal testing to be addressed and questioned. It has recently been estimated that 20 million animals are used for testing and are killed annually; this confirms the danger of animal testing. However, although one would argue that there is much danger to animal's lives surrounding many of the tests that they are subjected too, can we not to an extent also argue that these tests are justified for avoiding the danger to the lives of humans? Supporters of animal testing may argue that testing on animals is justified because it helps to discover ways to help humans and also other animals in the future. Testing on animals has assisted in developing vaccines against diseases such as polio, measles, mumps, rubella and TB, diseases that may inevitably save the lives of many humans. From this, it can be argued that without animal testing remarkable life changing developments would not have been possible and medicine may not be where it is today it terms of treatment. Someone in support of animal testing may further argue that if you try to prevent animals from been
racism
write an imaginary dialogue between Santha's mother and the headmistress at the Anglo-Indian school. Your dialogue should focus upon British attitudes toward Indians and Indian attitudes toward the British Santha's mother "i think it is very rude of you to tell the indian kids to sit at the back of the classroom" Headmistress: " sorry but indians cheat" Santha's mother "you can't just assume that becauase you're white" Headmistress: "excuse me, are you saying that i'm racist?" Sanha's mother " apparently, yes u are" Headmistress "i'm just giving what i think is the best for the students" Santha's mother "what is your definition of "the best for the students" Headmistress" ...." Santha's mother "let me tell you this, your definition of the best is only for the white kids. Have you ever thought about how our children feel?" Haedmistress "of course i care about how they feel" Santha's mother "do you even respect our culture?" Headmistress " of course i care about your culture. you're just making non sense" Dantha's mother "o reallly? then why do you change their Indian names into English names. This shows that you don't respect our culture nor our citizens" Headmistress "i'm here to help you guys in your education you know that?" Santha's mother "So your helpoing method is to segregate our children and make them feel like they are not part of the community?" "
Paper or Plastic?
Spencer Yen 24 3/25/09 Writing Paper or Plastic - What's Yours? Each year, the same question is asked millions of times -- "Paper or Plastic?" Although the real response to this problem is reusable bags, if one day you're without one, paper is better choice in many ways. As bags are constantly littered on the ground everyday, unlike plastic, paper can naturally degrade into the soil. Often times' plastic bags are found clogging up drains, and many other devastating occasions. Also, paper is very strong, durable, and can be used for many other activities besides grocery shopping. Paper is without doubt environmentally safer. It is capable of biodegrading into natural soil within ninety days. Moreover, it is made by a renewable resource, trees. Easy to be recycled, every ton of recycled paper, it saves about three cubic yards of landfill space. Plastic is made of polyethylene, which apparently is eighty percent non-recyclable. Plastic is also made of oil, a non-renewable resource. To create one plastic bag, toxic chemicals are involved, producing more pollution. Paper is also very convenient, strong and sturdy. At schools, paper bags are used to take papers home because they are sturdier. A number of projects also need to use paper bags to make objects. Using paper makes it easier when shopping, because the food won't slide out of the bag easily. Since Paper or Plastic is
Should Cannabis be legalised?
Should Cannabis be legalised? Should people be allowed to smoke cannabis in the streets? Is there a reason for it to be illegal? The answer here is no and yes, but we do seem to be edging towards the reality of cannabis being legal. The reason for this is because it can be known as a medical drug if legalised. In this essay I will make it clear to you why it could be legalised and I will display why it is illegal, then I will display a conclusion and my theory on the outcome of an argument like this. Cannabis is an illegal drug for one main reason, it harms people. It can lead to AIDS and other STD's. You may have heard the phrase "Get high, Get stupid, Get AIDS" it means exactly what it says, because we all know that Cannabis will get people who use it "high". It also encourages young adults to have sex without any protection. This is the most frequently used illicit drug among youth and people do things they regret when they are under the influence. Also in a recent study there were results that showed that teens that drink or do drugs are more likely to have sex and initiate it at younger ages, and with multiple partners. These teens are more at risk of sexually transmitted diseases including AIDS. Another pint I would like to make here is that most teens want to be rebellious and there fore want to try something illegal and because of the theory of cannabis being
Should Cannabis be legalised in the UK?
Should Cannabis be legalised in the UK? Most people have their own opinion on whether or not Cannabis should be legalised but the reasons behind these opinions are not always correct and justifiable. Cannabis is now a class C drug after it was dropped from being a class B in 2004. It is illegal to have, give away or deal in Class C drugs, and to grow cannabis plants. The maximum penalties for being in possession is 2 years in jail plus an unlimited fine, for supplying or dealing cannabis you can get 14 years in jail plus an unlimited fine and if you are caught in possession with intent to supply cannabis you could get up to 14 years in jail plus an unlimited fine. Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug in the UK, with up to 3 million consumers per year. It is most commonly smoked, usually by mixing it with tobacco and rolling it up with cigarette papers into a cannabis cigarette (called a 'spliff', 'joint', 'jay' etc.). However, it can also be smoked with or without tobacco in various forms of pipes or smoking devices such as 'bongs' or 'water pipes'. Smoking Cannabis produces fairly instant intoxication, the effects lasting from 1 to 3 hours depending on the strength of the drug and the amount used. Cannabis can also be taken orally, either eaten direct or mixed with food preparations, such as cakes, biscuits (hence 'hash cookies') or hot drinks. Taking Cannabis
Fox Hunting.
Fox Hunting. Cruelty or pest control? In answer to this question, you must first define cruelty: The Scott Henderson Committee considers cruelty to be "an act causing unnecessary suffering." So we must look at how the fox is killed. A popular myth is that the fox is often torn apart by the hounds whilst it is still alive. This is not true. Fox hounds ways between 60 and 70 pounds making it 4 or 5 times heavier than the average fox. The fox is nearly always killed by one bite to the back of the neck from a hounds powerful jaws. Some argue that the hunt is very cruel to the hounds and foxes alike, the SES say that "hounds are put through an intensive training course, where they may be starved, beaten and whipped to gain a killer instinct which does not come naturally. Whereas after further research into this, I have found that the beagles and the fell foxhounds (two breeds used to hunt) do actually have the instinct naturally, from generations before them. The foxes once caught by a hound are often torn apart. Alive. Is this pest control or a bloody sport, for the enjoyment of rich aristocrats? One supporter of the hunt says that "without the hunt, foxes would wreak havoc on the British countryside." An exaggeration? Perhaps not, only time will tell. However Farmers complain that the foxes 'pick off' their stock one by one causing massive financial loss to the farm. This
Fox Hunting
FOX HUNTING Fifteen horses trot through a silent forest, each carrying a person on its back. A large group of dogs follow on leads. The sun has risen on the horizon and light filters in through the treetops. The woods ring with the sound of birds singing. Ants scurry along the ground and monkeys jump from tree to tree. Suddenly the dogs start growling. All the horsemen sit up and look around them. After scanning the trees, one of them spot a fox running away. He shouts out an order and the dogs are released. As soon as the leads are off the hounds race off after the fox. They close in on it. The dogs are getting excited by the heavy breathing and panting of the vulnerable fox. Thick drops of tears fall from the eyes of the poor creature. Its eyes seem to ask, "Why am I being hunted down like this? What wrong have I done?" The hounds close in on the animal and one of them pounces, ripping it's back open. The fox's painful cry echoes throughout the woods. It's legs buckle and the fox falls down, too weak to move. The hounds surround the fox hungrily, saliva dripping from their flea-infested mouths. One of them pounces on the fox and the rest follow suit. It's moans are cut short when the creature throat is ripped open. Warm blood gushes out, staining the ground. The hounds cut open the fox and it's intestines are torn out of it's body. All this time the riders just sit
Should the Death penalty be re-introduced?
Should the death penalty be reintroduced? The death penalty or execution is the sentence of death upon a person by the state as a punishment for an offence. Crimes that can result in a death penalty are known as capital crimes or capital offences. Execution of criminals and political opponents has been used by nearly all societies—both to punish crime and to suppress political dissent. In most places that practice capital punishment it is reserved for murder, espionage, treason, or as part of military justice. In some countries sexual crimes, such as rape, adultery, incest and sodomy, carry the death penalty. However in Great Britain the death penalty was abolished in the 1960’s with last executions taking place, by hanging, in 1964. Arguably there are cases which debate that the death penalty should be reintroduced however there’s also a counter argument in which cases argued are equally as rated. The death penalty shouldn’t be used for a variety of reason. Just one of them is the cost. Financial costs to taxpayers of capital punishment are several times that of keeping someone in prison for life. Most people don't realize that carrying out one death sentence costs 2-5 times more than keeping that same criminal in prison for the rest of his life. How can this be? It has to do with the endless appeals, additional required
