Economics Essay on the change of the demographic characteristics of indonesia

Age Distribution:-

Comparing the positions of age distribution pyramid between 2000 and 2010, we understand the following:-

• Indonesia has got a young population with an average age of 27 years
• The percentage of population below the age of 20 is still significantly high above 40%
• This would mean that the country will have sufficient work force to support the growth phase in the future. With increasing govt. spend on education and urbanization, the country can look forward to managing its economic growth in a sustained way

Sex distribution:-

The above Pyramid also illustrates the fact that the population is quite evenly divided between men and women, we see the same distribution remaining across all age groups consistently, indicating that there is generally no gender bias in the society, which is a healthy condition for balancing growth with development.

Dependency ratio:-

Indonesian society is quiet traditional in terms of its family affiliations and mutual support. Normally it is a practice to rear all children in the family until they complete their school/university and can find a job to become independent. Similarly the elderly persons in the family who have superannuated are supported by the active members of the family until their lifetime. This is in line with many other countries in the eastern hemisphere. As a result, we find there are 53 people dependent for every 100 working person. Considering the wage levels obtained in the country and the cost of living, this ratio is deemed as normal. However as more and more young people of both the genders get educated and find employment and as the family size shrinks, it is expected that the number of people living on the productive output of working people would go down considerably.

Life expectancy:-

Indonesia has got a high rate of access to drugs(80%- Rank 75 out of 163 countries), sufficient number of hospital beds(6 for every 1000 people), their maternal mortality is quite low. These and other factors contribute to a reasonably good life expectancy of over 70 years on an average. Like elsewhere, the females have a longer life expectancy than men. By virtue of increased life health care measures the life expectancy is on the increase over time on the back of the country’s economic development.

Year of2009:-

Year of 2000:-

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Infant Mortality Rate:-

Infant mortality is often associated with health care conditions for nursing during pregnancy as well as the hospital facilities for procedures. The mortality rate was quite high in Indonesia in the years up to 1970, but due to advancement of urbanization and the improvement in medical facilities and awareness, the infant mortality has been declining. Currently we have instances of 36.82 infant deaths under 1 year old in a year per 1000 live births. With increased awareness

Conclusion:-

The demography of the Indonesian population has changed for the better over the past 10 years. This is in view of the fact that the country has been experiencing good economic growth with political stability in the past decade while the growth in population has been modest. The composition of the population also indicates quite a sizable proportion of young men and women and therefore Indonesia is well poised to sustain its growth momentum and leap forward into the future.

Bibliography:-

1. Web. 27 July 2011.<http://indonesiapopulation.blogspot.com/2011/02/population-growth-indonesia>
2. "NationMaster - Indonesian Health Statistics." NationMaster - World Statistics, Country Comparisons. Web. 3 Aug. 2011. <http://www.nationmaster.com/country/id-indonesia/hea-health>.
3. "WHO | Global Health Observatory Data Repository." Web. 13 Aug. 2011. <http://apps.who.int/ghodata/?vid=60750>.
4. "Indonesia - Population - Historical Data Graphs per Year." Index Mundi - Country Facts. Web. 13 Aug. 2011. <http://www.indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?c=id>.
5. "Indonesia Demographics Profile 2011." Index Mundi - Country Facts. Web. 28 July 2011. <http://www.indexmundi.com/indonesia/demographics_profile.html>.
6. Moynihan, Dan, and Brian Titley. "The Structure of Population." Economics: A Complete Course for IGCSE and O Level. Oxford UP, 2007. 379-83. Print.