Aluminium in Australia
Aluminium in Australia Intro For my issue essay I have chosen the "Production of aluminium" because of its economic importance to Australia. I have also included a flow chart and map. History The explorer Matthew Flinders noted the reddish colored cliffs whilst sailing around the Cape York Peninsula in 1802. In 1955 a geologist discovered deposits at Weipa. The government established Australia's first aluminium smelter at Bell Bay in Tasmania in 1955. The Australian aluminium industry has made important contributions to the economic growth of the nation. Raw Materials Australia is the world's largest bauxite producer. The Alumunium industry in Australia started with the discovery of Bauxite in the 1950's, the ore in which aluminuim is made from. These discoveries were made at Weipa, Cape York Peninsula, and Gove and in Darling Range about 50 km south of Perth. Australia and Guinea, in West Africa, Lead the world in bauxite reserves. Brazil is next in rank. More than half the bauxite mined in Australia is refined locally, the rest is all exported. Production FLOW CHART Bauxite Refined Alumina Smelting Aluminuim Reddish Earth (heated?) (White powder) (Hydro-Power) Metal There are several alumina refineries in Australia: Kwinana in Western Australia and Gladstone in
How effective is tourism as a development strategy.
How effective is tourism as a development strategy. In this essay I will try to explain how effective tourism is as a development strategy. Development strategies are used to improve people's living standards and quality of life, they can be broken down into 3 main factors; economical, social and environmental. I have chosen 2 different case studies from which, one is an LEDC and the other one is an MEDC. And using these case studies I am going to explain the economical, social and environmental problems and solutions that exist. I will also show the main advantages and disadvantages that tourism brings to the country, and who it is that benefits from it. The first case study Thailand is an LEDC, and the locals of this country now depend on tourism as they got used to the fact that people will pay money for them to demonstrate part of their culture. At first it looked innocent and just an easy way to earn some money, now many families in Thailand depend on how much money the tourist are willing to pay them. The more tourists there are the higher the demand for hotels, shops and restaurants. And so the government will construct all of these and make sure that tourists have all the luxury they ask for. Having done so the money that tourist pay for all their needs goes to the government and again, making it hard for the locals to earn money. Locals do not only suffer
'Gazprom is an instrument of foreign policy arguments for and against. Gazprom not only provides a quarter of Europe's gas supplies, but it has also taken over Russian television stations, newspapers.
'Gazprom is an instrument of foreign policy' - arguments for and against. Gazprom, one of the world's most powerful companies, based in Moscow's Ulitsa Nametkina on the fringe of the Arctic Circle, the company is seen as an 'evil empire' to many. It began in 1992, when the former ministry of the gas industry was re-organised. It is now the world's third largest corporation, after Exxon Mobil and General electric. Gazprom not only provides a quarter of Europe's gas supplies, but it has also taken over Russian television stations, newspapers. It has its own airline, insurance company, holiday resorts, builds roads and has even gone to the extent of creating its own private army. There are many strong views on the statement that 'Gazprom is an instrument of foreign policy'. There are numerous pieces of data supporting either side of this argument. Gazprom has a total of 430,000 employees, all living in the town Novy Urengoi; the employees live in soviet-style blocks of flats provided by the company. In addition, Gazprom provides its workers with schools, shops, libraries and nurseries to fulfil all of their needs. The climate of the area ranges drastically throughout the year, in the winter the temperatures can drop to minus 50-60C, and in summer the days are hot and the air is filled with mosquitoes. The workers however despite the conditions, are not hard-done-by; the Gazprom
For a coastal area you have studied (Thailand), you are asked to discuss the effects tourism has had.
For a coastal area you have studied, you are asked to discuss the effects tourism has had. Named coastal area: I have studied Thailand, which is situated in the South-East of Asia, adjacent to Malaysia, Burma, China and Cambodia. Tourism is Thailand's number one industry, and figures prove to us that there is a great need for the tourism industry in Thailand, as Tourists bring money and supply jobs, creating a multiplier effect, which helps the country to improve its economy and to accomplish development. For example, Thailand has a GNP per capita of US$ 2, 740, whereas a more economically developed country such as the USA has a GNP per capita of US$ 26, 980, which proves how much Thailand needs to improve. I am going to discuss the effects of Tourism on the Island resorts of Koh Tao, Pattaya and also Koh Samui, which is an island off the East coast of Thailand. What are the attractions of the area? These resorts all have many attractions which are both human and physical. Firstly, Tourists visit Thailand to experience a climate which is different from their own. Temperatures can range from anywhere between 23°C - 33°C in the resorts, with only around 30-150mm of rainfall falling between the months of February to September. It also has a daily sunshine of 8-9 hours in winter months, which makes December - February popular times to visit. Another physical attraction is
Cardiff Bay Redevelopment investigation.
Cardiff Bay Redevelopment investigation Cardiff is a city steeped in history and has undergone many changes and influences over 1500 years; initially with the settlements of the Celts in 500BC, and over many years Cardiff became a Roman Fort and Norman stronghold. In 1810 Cardiff was just a growing village of less than 2000 inhabitants surrounded by heavily tidal marshland and fed by two rivers, the Taff and the Ely. Laying closely to the south was Butetown, located in the Parish of Saint Mary's. Back then, Cardiff's main industry was the mining and transportation of coal, mainly by big 25 tonne load barges. As the Industrial Revolution swept over the British Isles, demand for coal grew considerably. The Glamorganshire canal, which was built in 1794 to transport iron from the Merthyr ironworks to Cardiff, could not cope with the strain and as the iron and coal industry expanded the Taff Vale Railway was opened in 1840 to offer an alternative mode of transport for this and to connect the Cardiff and surrounding steelworks to the coal. By this time John Crichton Stewart the 2nd Marquis of Bute had finished his development of the bay and had just opened the West docks. The building of docks continued untill around 1907 when the last dock, the Queen Alexandra had been built adding to the previous four. The opening of the West Docks gave Cardiff an advantage over other Welsh
Information technology and National development
Information technology and National development . COMMUNICATION IT plays a fundamental role in the communication sector For instance, communication is being availed at a cheaper cost , convenience , and above all at a faster rate .The global network of computers, called the internet , which is an aspect of IT plays a very vital role in the communication sector. Its benefits include: . Internet enables conferences to be held irrespective of the distance between the parties involved. 2. Internet enables the exchange of textual messages at a faster rate between the parties involved irrespective of the distance. IT plays a very fundamental role in the communication sector. For instance, communication is being availed at a cheaper cost. 3. Internet through E-mailing, enables transfers of information at a faster rate and at a cheaper cost as compared to the traditional postal mail. 4. Internet also enables one to discover more information through browsing it. 5. Internet, furthermore, avails news about sports, games, politics, health, through relevant websites. This further serves the purpose of entertaining the users. 2. GOVERNANCE IT is the chief driving for re-engineering and transforming the government to with the needs of the citizenry .This is achieved through the use of IS for managing security and government offices. For instance, extensive computerization
Ordesa National Park is situated in the Pyrenees of Huesca, Aragn (Spain), in the centre of North Eastern Spain.
Ordesa National Park is situated in the Pyrenees of Huesca, Aragón (Spain), in the centre of North Eastern Spain. It was created on August 16th of 1918 by a Royal Decree which declared Ordesa Valley a National Park of 21 square kilometers of extension. In July 13 of 1982 it was enlarged to the 156.08 km² it has today and its official name changed to Parque nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido. It's included in the Biosphere Reserve of Ordesa-Viñamala declared by UNESCO in 1997. Ordesa is situated next to three valleys among which the Ordesa Valley is the most known. The park itself is situated in part of this valley and is characterized by counting with important amounts of limestone as well as wide extensions of forests. Ordesa Valley's mountain climate produces chilly winters with an abundance of ice and snow, while summers are hot with frequent storms. Be prepared for sudden changes of weather!! At any moment the Ordesa Valley hiker may be surprised by a shower of rain or snow, depending on the time of year. Five vegetation types have been described: submediterranean, collinean, montane, subalpine and the alpine type. A total of two million tourists visit the site each year. Ordesa is a place for people to get close to nature. There is a very wide variety of animals to meet as well as many possibilities to spend energies by climbing, hiking and walking while meeting
Spain: A sustainable tourism
Business School Subject: Global Tourism Management Tutor: Dr. Catherine Kelly Name: Allee Clarisse Course: BA(Hons) Tourism and Management SPAIN: A SUSTAINABLE TOURISM Spain is a world leader in tourism, the second tourism destination after France. It is also ranked second in Tourism earnings. The country is an established popular destination, a mature one, exhibiting many features of mass tourism. Its main touristic offer remains the "sun and beach" destination. In this essay, is going to be examined the past, current and future developments in touristic terms. The aim of this writing is to understand clearly why Spain is tending for a new pace of development, a changing face of the touristic sector, how will it be managed and organised, what will be the strategy and who will be involved? Spain has become one of the biggest tourism industry worldwide thanks to its natural and varied characteristics. From a geographical point of view, Spain holds a privileged world's position. Situated in Europe's Mediterranean region, it sits at the confluence of two of the world's most important tourist areas, namely, the European Union and the Mediterranean basin. Is a diverse country, ranging from the near deserts of eastern Andalucia to the green countryside and from the sun-baked uplands of Castilla-La-Mancha to the snow-capped Pyrenees. The climate is both warm and
To What extent does Nike influence the shape of the environments in which it operates?
To What extent does Nike influence the shape of the environments in which it operates? Introduction: The main objective of this essay is to answer the question "to what extent does Nike influence the shape of the environments in which it operates?" To reach this objective, I will first talk a little bit about the components of this question, which are "Nike" and "Environments". There is a tiny difference between a global and multinational company, but in general they are companies which operate in a number of countries and have production or service outside the country of origin. About Nike: The global corporation we know today as Nike originated from a small company founded in 1962 by two sports runners. The main activity of this small company was importing cheap athletic shoes from Japan and sells them to the U.S. market. From this small start sprang one of the largest sports wear companies in the world, with products known and distributed in the different five continents. What is meant by "environments"? Environments in the business world are the set of internal and external influences the organization is subject to. An interaction is necessary between the organization/ business and its environments to assure the existence of the business. The internal environments represent the organization staff, office technology, the wages and finance, etc. The external
The Growth of Dubai
The Growth of Dubai Contents Contents 1 Geographical Location of Dubai 2 Map Showing UAE and the Arabian Peninsular 3 Map Showing Dubai and the UAE - see attached map 3 Historical Background of Dubai 3 Map Showing the Original Settlement 4 The Growth of Dubai 5 Graph Showing Population from 1900-2000 - see attached graph 6 Pattern of Growth and Reasons 6 Map Showing the Growth of Built-up Areas 8 Foreign Workers in Dubai 9 Table of Immigrant Workers 10 Bar Graph to follow on from table 11 World Map Showing Worker Origins - see attached map 11 Dubai Time-line 12 12 Dubai's Economy 13 Dubai Main Economic Indicators 13 Dubai's Economic Functions 14 Pie Chart Showing Key Economic Sectors 14 Dubai Economic Structure 2001 15 Geographical Location of Dubai Dubai is situated in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where it is the second largest emirate with an area of 3,885 square kilometres. The UAE is situated along the south-eastern tip of the Arabian Peninsula between 22.5° and 26° N and between 51° and 56.25° E. Qatar lies to the west and north-west, Saudi Arabia to the west and south and Oman to the north, east and south-east. The total area of the UAE is about 83,600 square kilometres, much of it in Abu Dhabi emirate. Map Showing the Arabian Peninsular and the Middle East Map Showing UAE and the Arabian Peninsular Map Showing Dubai and the UAE -
