Summarise the advantages and disadvantages of extracting Alaskan oil
Summarise the advantages and disadvantages of extracting Alaskan oil, transporting it over the state in a pipe and then transporting it on by a super tanker. What is your opinion on this matter? The construction of the Alaskan Pipeline has both benefits and problems. In terms of economy, the Alaskan state gross product was $39 billion and the Alaskans earned $25 billion personnel income. Comparing to prior to when the TAPS was built, the gross product was only $8 billion and Alaskans only earned $5 billion personnel income. Alaska also moved from being the most heavily taxed state to being the most tax-free. This shows the economy of the state had been boosted significantly since the construction of the TAPS. The construction of the TAPS also provided job opportunities for the local people. For this project, over 21 000 people were at work at the same time. However, the construction of the pipeline could disturb the local ecosystem; in particular the caribou migration. The pipeline could obstruct the caribou migration, thus affecting their survival as they were unable to migrate South during winters. This would also affect the native Alaskans and Canadians who had kept the tradition of hunting caribou for food and for other purposes. Building and maintaining a massive pipeline across a large permafrost area is also extremely difficult. Large amount of resources must be
A robot is an intelligent and obedient, but impersonal machine.
A robot is an intelligent and obedient, but impersonal machine. It is also a machine that does work on its own, automatically, after it is programmed by humans. 9/10 robots in existence today are Industrial Robots. This means that robots are working for people everywhere in factories, laboratories, warehouses, energy plants, hospitals, and many other industries. Several years ago, the majority (90%) of robots that "worked" were used in car manufacturing companies. These robots worked on assembly lines doing a variety of tasks. Now, only half the robots in the world are busy building cars. The other half are spread out among the other industries listed above. The hardest thing for a robot to do is to walk. This is hard for the creators of the robot as well, since the act of walking involves hundreds of specific motions. Also, a large part of walking time is spent on one leg, so it is important for the robot to have good balance, just like a child learning to walk! Some real robots must walk on uneven surfaces, like the surface of Mars, so these robots need sensors in their legs to find good footholds! There are many benefits to using robots instead of humans. Can you imagine working in a factory all day, every day, doing the exact same thing over and over again? The good thing about robots is that they will never get bored, and they will do things more efficiently than
The developments that I think brought about Par's use of ointments to treat gunshot wounds were wars, challenges and also experimentation.
The developments that I think brought about Paré's use of ointments to treat gunshot wounds were wars, challenges and also experimentation. I chose wars as an important development for one very good reason: they brought about the injuries. If it weren't for wars, barely anybody would get shot. This meant that doctors would get less practice at surgery, so therefore would not have enough experience, and therefore confidence, to experiment. A lack of wars would also mean that the shortages that occurred that did not allow Paré to use conventional methods would not have happened, meaning doctors had no need to experiment. I then chose challenges as an important development. This was very important because it meant that doctors were forced to experiment. They had no choice: either let a man die due to being unable to use an age-old method, or experiment and possibly cure him. If they left the man to die they may have been rebuked for doing nothing for the man and their reputation would lay in tatters, whereas with experimenting, they would make a decision to at least try, for which they would surely get praise for. This forced Paré to try out his ointment, which became a great success. Lastly, I chose experiments as an important development. This is in some ways, grouped along with challenges. Without experimentation, we would still be using cautering irons and boiling oil
In the old industries, animals or humans were used to power machines.
In the old industries, animals or humans were used to power machines. This all changed in the Industrial Revolution, when they were replaced by water or steam powered machines. The Industrial Revolution started in the midlands and north of England, as they had a good supply of fast flowing water and a good coal supply, which was burnt to form steam. Another change was that in the old industries there were no manufacturing divides, but when the Industrial Revolution occurred, divides happened. Some people were specialists at producing wooden goods. Other people would specialise at making woollen clothes, whilst others would specialise at using metals to make things. Manufacturing consisted of many different subjects, for example manufacturing of wooden items, not just one, that would be classified as manufacturing, which is what it was like in the old industries. In the old industries a 'domestic system' was used, where goods that were made of textiles were made in peoples homes. This all changed and inventions happened, which resulted in no longer a need for the 'domestic system'. Textile goods could be made at a much quicker rate as a result of such inventions as the 'spinning Jenny' or spinning machine, invented by James Hargreaves, in 1770. Other water-powered machines such as the 'water frame', also invented in 1770, led to mass production of cotton, which then resulted
Why factories are not located in Inner-city areas any more?
Why factories are not located in Inner-city areas any more? During 1951 to 1991 there was an obvious economic decline in industries, which were based in the inner-city areas. Inner-city areas experienced a massive decline in industry during this time. All of the following resulted in the closure of factories, offices and shops: Industries were expanding at such a rate that they were taking up all the room in the inner-city areas. As we already know there is limited room in the inner city, and it would have been impossibility for the industries to expand any more. If they did expand, it would mean that they were expanding into residential areas, which is another impossibility. Once the factories had reached their full capacity in the areas they were situated, they were forced to move. This is a lack of expansion space. Buildings/factories often became out of date. New technologies had been introduced into the industries, and the basically the old factories were unsuited to the modern techniques. Often the buildings became derelict, and too bad to repair. The new factories were bigger and better, and could not expand in the inner city therefore they moved into the suburban areas. As the new companies looked for places to expand into, they tended to avoid the inner city. The infrastructure was poor. The roads were too small to accommodate all the large vehicles.