"Exeter is dealing well with its traffic needs" Discuss.

The hypothesis for this piece of coursework is "Exeter is dealing well with its traffic needs" As shown in the maps on the previous page Exeter is a city in the south-west of England, with areas like Dartmoor which is a national park nearby, Exeter is also surrounded by towns and villages like Topsham, Exmouth, Starcross and Lympstone. At the moment Exeter's population is around 111,000 but is always growing. Exeter has many transport links, including two main train stations and a few more local ones, a successful bus service, many roads in and surrounding Exeter and an international airport. Exeter's main train stations are Central station which is a few minute walk to the city centre and St David's station which is a 15-20 minutes walk or a few minute bus journey. Exeter has more local train station such as St Thomas train station, but these unlike the two main train stations which have trains which travel all around the country only have trains which travel to closer towns or cities. Exeter's main bus service which is Stagecoach, has many routes which enables you to travel around and just past the outskirts of Exeter, Stagecoach also have a Main bus station in Exeter which also has less frequent buses which travel further to place all around England. The last transport link which Exeter has is Exeter's international airport which as well as flying chartered flights also

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Urban problems are the same the world over and require the same solutions To what extent do you agree with this view?

World Cities 'Urban problems are the same the world over and require the same solutions' To what extent do you agree with this view? Throughout the world there are many cities which have many different issues and have to solve them in a variety of different ways due to the economic, political, environmental and social states of the city itself. Therefore, I do not entirely agree with this view as many urban problems need different solutions in different cities. The biggest and most obvious differences are between LEDC's and MEDC's. These are at completely opposite ends of the spectrum when it comes to the ways they can deal with urban problems. Housing in the cities is one of the biggest problems in both of these kinds of cities, but in LEDC's such as Mexico City and Mumbai, it is much worse. Not only are these two of the most highly populated cities in the world, but they experience high polarisation between the CBD and outskirts of the city. This means living conditions and quality of life in the centre of the city are much better than those in the outskirts in most cases. The main housing problems stem from the overpopulation in the cities as people have nowhere to live so set up shanty towns and squatter settlements wherever space is available. This is why favelas in Mexico City have become such as a problem. As the cities are becoming a much more appealing place for

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With reference to one recent major international conflict, access and analyse the geographical impacts of the conflict on the area(s) involved. Israel and Palestine.

'With reference to one recent major international conflict, access and analyse the geographical impacts of the conflict on the area(s) involved.' - 40 marks The conflict over territory between the Israeli's and the Palestinian's began many years ago in 1948 however the current conflict began in 1987. Before WW1, Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire, but after the war the British took control but conflict had already begun between the Arabs and the Jews wanting to occupy the area. After WW2 the UN decided that Palestine would be divided into a Jewish country and an Arab one. This was not accepted by the Arabs, although the Jews agreed and the state of Israel was declared in 1948. Shortly after, the first of many wars broke out between the Arab nations (with Egypt and Jordan) and Israel. After months of fighting, both sides agreed to stop the war; however this has not been the case. Israel began as a homeland for Jewish people as they have historical ties dating back thousands of years. Many Jews moved there before Israel's declaration to start new lives and set up communities after fleeing Russia. Approximately 20% of the Israeli population are Arabs, who are mainly descendents of Palestinians who previously lived in the country before it became Israel. The Palestinians are mainly Muslim Arabs although a small number are Christians. Unlike the Israelis, the Palestinians

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Does the demographic transition model still provide a 21st century framework for looking at demographical change in countries which are experiencing development? To what extent is the tool really useful or should we make it obsolete?

Does the DTM still provide a 21st century framework for looking at demographical change in countries which are experiencing development? To what extent is the tool really useful or should we make it obsolete? The demographic transition model is a means to calculate how countries will move from having high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. It should allow us to predict the stages a developing country will have to pass through before it is fully industrialised. These changes are dependant on an array of social and economic factors for instance improved education, changes to women's roles (e.g. emancipation), better diet and enhanced healthcare. The demographic transition model is the result of compiled data, such as, birth rate, death rate and population from industrialised countries (mainly Europe and America). The DTM consists of 5 sections; there were originally 4 stages but the 5th was recently added when countries that were already considered to be fully developed continued to develop and change, making it necessary to modify and update the model. In stage 1 birth and death rates fluctuate at a high level (about 35 per 1000) giving a small population growth. Stage 2 is characterised by high birth rates but rapidly falling death rate to about 20 per 1000 people giving a rapid population growth. In stage 3 birth rates fall rapidly, to about 16 per 1000

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For my Travel and Tourism coursework I have chosen Marbella as my European destination

AO1 - Marbella Ronda is a beautiful town that lies within the Serranía de Ronda mountain range 48km away from Marbella at an altitude of 739 meters. The town is split into two different sections by a 100 meter deep gorge called El Tajo and is joined by the Puente Nuevo (which stands for New Bridge). The bridge was built in 1751 and took a total of 42 years to build; this is a key tourist attraction that brings many tourists to Ronda year in year out. Iglesia Mayor de la Encarnacion is a historical church in Marbella that was originally built in 1505, however most of the building was raised in 1712 and is now claimed to be the city's most important church which makes it popular for tourist visits. Alcazaba Wall (Marbella town's castle) and the 16th century town hall in the centre of town are two of Marbella's nicest buildings; these are opened up for visits and excursions and therefore help to attract more tourists to the area. Constitution Park, La Alameda Park and Arroyo de la Represa are three of Marbella's main local parks. Constitution Park which was once a garden of private residence is now used for concerts and plays throughout the summer whereas the Alameda Park and Arroyo de la Represa park are mainly used by the old Spanish locals and tourists to relax and talk in the quiet tropical gardens. For my Travel and Tourism coursework I have chosen Marbella as my

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Britain's aging population

Britain's aging population Countries with aging populations have higher death rates. This is the case in the UK as death rates are particularly high in some of the popular retirement resorts along the south coast e.g. Brighton and Dorset. Although such services as the NHS work well in Great Britain and good doctors and medicine are keeping the elderly healthy until a much older age, this means that as the retirement age remains at sixty and people are beginning to live for longer. This is increasing the ratio of the number of people of working age (15-60\4 years) to support each person of sixty and over. As figure 3A and figure 3B show the UK to have the highest ratio against other high ratioed countries such as France. The figures show a forecast for the years to come, increasing by twenty years each time. Nearly all the way through the UK is shown to be the highest; this is due to the baby boom of the fifties and sixties. The official years of the Baby Boom Generation (1946 through 1964) saw a marked increase in the number of births in the world. Here's how the birth rate rose and fell during the baby boom years in America: 940 - 2,559,000 births per year 946 - 3,311,000 births per year 955 - 4,097,000 births per year 957 - 4,300,000 births per year 964 - 4,027,000 births per year 974 - 3,160,000 births per year There have even been books made about the baby boom:

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Investigating Travel & Tourism

Unit 1 - Investigating Travel & Tourism Table of Contents UNIT 1 - INVESTIGATING TRAVEL & TOURISM 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 E1 KEY POST-WAR DEVELOPMENTS 5 . The changing social economic circumstances 7 2. Technological developments 7 3. Product development and innovation 7 4. Changing consumer needs and expectations and fashions 7 E1 CHANGING SOCIAL ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES 8 . Increase in Leisure Time 8 2. Disposable Income 9 3. Car Ownership 10 E1 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS 11 2. Communication and information systems 12 3. Product Development 12 E1 FEATURES OF THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 14 E1 FEATURES OF THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 14 The National Tourist Boards (NTB's) 15 The Voluntary Sector 16 New Technologies 16 External Pressures 16 Currency Fluctuation 16 Legislation 17 Climate Change 17 Natural Disasters 17 War, Acts of Terrorism 17 Impact on Host Communities 17 Economic 18 Social 18 Environmental 18 E2 - SCALE OF THE UK INDUSTRY AND ITS ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 20 Business Tourism 22 E2 - SCALE OF THE UK TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 23 Travel and Tourism Revenue 23 Contribution to the Balance of Payments 23 E2 - SCALE OF THE UK INDUSTRY AND ITS ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 25 E3 A FULL EXPLANATION OF THE PRESENT STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 26 . Accommodation and Catering 27 Serviced Accommodation 27 Self Serviced Accommodation

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With reference to a named country, evaluate attempts to manage population change

With reference to a named country, evaluate attempts to manage population change (15 marks) Thailand is located in south-east Asia, It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Cambodia and to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia. Mechai Viravaidya was a key influence in the change of population policy in Thailand, he came into government in 1973; he recognised that the fertility rate at the present time was not sustainable. In 1974 he set up the PDA or Population Development Association. It is arguable that at this time that Thailand was an LEDC where as now it is more commonly referred to as a Newly Industrialised Country (NIC), the faster transition through the demographic transition model may be a result of the change in population control. It was Mechai Viravaidya's plan to promote the use of contraception (formerly seen as a taboo subject) and family planning in order to control population development. The threat of Aids and HIV also became apparent to Viravaidya and the government; this gave him fresh impetus for his scheme. There were many successes of the program; this was attributable to a number of factors. Mechai's creativity helped to gain support such as free drinks after a vasectomy. This coupled with the willingness and openness of the Thai people allowed new ideas to thrive. The government gave Mechai the resources and support he

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Why was Russia such a backward country in the end of the 19th century?

Luciana Machado 3.12.04 IB History - yr2 Why was Russia such a backward country in the end of the 19th century? The Tsarist state inherited by Nicholas II consisted of many weakenessesm, largely of political problems, social weaknesses and tensions, faults in the economy and other factors that all combined to make Russia a backward state. Russia's problems went as follow: The agrarian situation was a something that no matter how many changes acurred, yet they remained repressed and backward in several important aspects. The government in Russia had been bankrupt following the Crimean War and so transferred the large debt to the freed peasants. These debts were made worse by the inflated land values in the black soil and non-black soil provinces in Russia which also exacerbated the high interest payments on the peasants debts. The Emancipation Decrees of Alexander II also caused a stir as ex-serfs still bore a temporary obligation to their former masters until late 1881. Even though there was greater access to lands, the peasants became more empoverished, especially in the black soil provinces of the south where the holdings of ex-serfs fell by about 25%. The empoverishment grew also from the loss of many customary rights to woodland and to common pasture. The virtual doubling of peasant population from 68 million in 1859 to 125 million in 1897 resulted in many people

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Comparison Between MEDC and LEDC

Comparison Between MEDC and LEDC The comparisons between MEDC- More Economically Developed Country and LEDC-Less Economically Developed Country are many and varied but are mainly related to finance which gives the MEDC a higher standard of living for its occupants than those of the LEDC. Geographically most MEDC are situated in the northern hemisphere were as the LEDC are mostly in the southern hemisphere. Most MEDC are well advanced or have completed their development period for example the United Kingdom were as the LEDC are still in the early stages. Development of a country can be shown in a demographic transition model; this model consists of four stages. Stage one is pre modern which is when the birth rate and death rate fluctuate between each other which keeps population at a low, but stable point. Next is urbanizing and industrializing, at this stage the death rate drops due to better health care, standard of living etc and causes the population to increase quite quickly. Stage three is called mature industrial in this phase the birth rate stays high and the death rate is low so the population still increases quickly due to better technology. Lastly is the post industrial stage where the birth rate drops to the same level as the death rate which causes the population to become steady once again. An MEDC would be in stage four or nearing the end of it where and LEDC

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