The multiple nuclei model
Taken from google.com
Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman proposed the theory for the multiple nuclei model in 1945, but the model was developed approximately 30 years after the concentric and sector models, which were made in the 1920s and the 1930s. They thought that many cities did not fit the traditional concentric zone or sector models, so they proposed their theory. The model suggests that a city may have more than one nuclei/centre apart from the CBD. This model has some similarities to the sector model and the concentric circles model like the central business district will often be found near the original retail area of the city.
I think that Sloughs land use pattern will be closest to the concentric circles model because the industrial area is located quite near the CBD. The lower class housing is located near the industrial zone and the middle class housing is located around the lower class housing. The Burgess model also shows that it is mostly residential and Slough is also mostly residential.
I will need to find out what the different types of land use are in Slough. My choice will be from:
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CBD (central business district): The CBD contains shops, offices, banks, etc. The land is expensive and the land also contains multi-storey buildings, which have high rents. There is very little space and the competition for land is very high, which means that the prices are quite high. Sloughs CBD is likely to be based on the high street.
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Lower class housing: Housing owned by people with low wages. It is likely to be found near the industrial zone and it can also be found in the inner city.
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Middle class housing: Housing owned by people with average wages. It is likely to be found in the suburbs.
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Higher-class housing: Housing owned by people with high wages. It can be found on the edge of the town. It is also likely to be found in the suburbs.
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Local authorities: Housing owned by the government. Council estates are likely to be found here.
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Government: Land owned by the government that is used for schools, hospitals, police stations, etc.
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Industrial: The factories and offices are likely to be found here. Most of Slough industry is likely to be found on the trading estate. This can also be found in the inner city area and in the high street.
I intend to present my data by using maps, graphs, photographs and tables. These methods will help me to get a better understanding of my work and they will help me explain my work better.
These results should help me to reach better conclusions about my hypothesis. I will be providing an evaluation for my enquiry, which will have information on any problems I might have had and how successful my work is. In that section I will also include parts that I could have improved on.
Data Collection
I collected my data by driving around Slough in a mini bus trying to find out where the different types of land use are. I coloured in a map to show me where the different types of land use are, I used different colours for the different sections in the map, but I have also used other sources such as photos, maps, graphs and tables to help me to get a better understanding of the land use in Slough and to help me find out which urban land use model will fit Sloughs land use.
Taken from google.com
Taken from google.com
Taken from google.com
This map shows the average house prices in Britain. This will give me a better idea of what types of housing will have a higher percentage.
Sloughs average house prices.
Detached: £298,648
Semi-detached: £213,673
Terraced: £183,035
Flat: £146,685
Data interpretation
My map shows the different land use in Slough.
This map shows that 10-15% Sloughs land use is industrial. The industrial area is located in separate parts of Slough, but up to 10% is located in Sloughs trading estate and the other 5% is located all around Slough. The residential area in Slough is by far the largest, most of the housing is located around the CBD, it is built up of lower, middle and higher-class housing and it can be found in many different locations all across Slough. The residential area adds up to 75% of Sloughs land use. Sloughs residential land use will be split up in to the following:
The other part of Slough is the commercial area. It has up to 10% of Sloughs land use. The high street has the largest proportion of Sloughs commercial land use, but there are also many other parts of Sloughs commercial land use such as the other shops based around Sloughs area. The results suggest that areas based around Slough might have the same land use patterns as Slough. Sloughs land use pattern is very similar to the concentric circles model as well as the sector model. Even though these two models are very similar because they share some of the characteristics such as that they are both mostly residential and that they also have a lot of middle class housing. My map tells me that the concentric circles model is closest to Sloughs land use pattern.
Lower-class housing: 25%
Middle-class housing: 40%
Higher-class housing: 5%
Local authorities: 5%
Industrial: 15%
Commercial: 10%
Conclusion
Sloughs land use pattern is closest to the concentric circles model because it seems to suit Sloughs land use pattern better than any of the other models. I have also used data collecting methods such as driving around Slough looking at the different land use and looking for information on the internet because it helped me get more information on Slough and helped me reach a better conclusion of land use in Slough.
Key points
- The concentric circle model seems to suite the land use patterns in slough because the model shows that a large percentage is residential just like Slough.
- Slough also has some similarities to the sector model such as the sector model has lower class housing near the industry and Slough also has lower class housing near the industry.
- Sloughs land use is mostly residential because on my map it shows Slough has lots of housing.
- Slough mostly has a large percentage of middle class housing.
- Slough has a large industrial area because Slough has one of the biggest trading estates in Europe.
- It also has lots of commercial land use that is spread all along Slough.
I think that some points are more important than other points because I think that Slough is mostly residential is the most important point because it has helped me pick the right land use model. I also think that the Slough is mostly residential point and the most of Sloughs housing is middle class point are linked because they are both describe the residential area in Slough and talk about the land use in Slough.
I think that my hypothesis is correct because it looks a lot like the map that I drew and it does look more like the concentric circles model than any of the others, but does seem to have some of the same characteristics as the Hoyt model like the fact that they are both mostly residential and both of them have mostly middle class housing.
I think that Burgess’s concentric circles model might relate to other towns located in England. I think that towns located around Slough might have similar patterns or possibly towns with large residential areas.
This enquiry does raise a question, such as are there other urban land use models other than burgess’ concentric circles model, Hoyt’s sector model and the multiple nuclei model.
Evaluation
I think that my enquiry was quite successful because my methods were quite accurate, I got to see the areas of Slough that were probably necessary to my project and I did not have many problems because I tried to make everything accurate. One of the problems was that I did not get to see all of Slough, I think that if I did get to see all of Slough, I would have got much more accurate results and my results would have been much better, which could have helped me with my coursework.
My results were not affected badly by any difficulties in collecting the data because I was still able to collect enough data for my project, but I would have able to collect better data if there was more room in the mini bus and if we had more time to visit the rest of Slough. I also think that if I had more time to see the rest of Slough, I would have collected more accurate results and I could have come out with a better conclusion.
My conclusion was not affected by me being bias or the opinions that I might have. I think that if I were to repeat the inquiry, I would get similar results to the one I did first because I think my map work was quite successful because I coloured it in very carefully and I also drew the route that we took to make sure I was doing everything right, so that I could make sure I was shading in the right areas.
I think I achieved my aim to a good enough standard and I think my enquiry might have been improved if I had done more research and got to see all of Slough, it would have been much better because then I would have had much more data that could of helped me increase my accuracy, so that I could have achieved a better grade.
Bibliography
I had got all of my information of Microsoft Encarta and google.