Flooding on the river Lea is a natural phenomenon which needs to be managed.

FLOODING ON THE RIVER LEA IS A NATURAL PHENOMENON WHICH NEEDS TO BE MANAGED The catchments area of the river Lea covers 1,420 square kilometers of land. It has a length of 85 kilometers (23 miles) which is from the source to the mouth. The source is in the north west of Luton in the Chiltern Hills and the mouth is a meander which leads to the Thames (the Bow Creek). The lower course of the river Lea is tidal because it has waves coming in from the Thames. 10% of the lakes connecting to the river Lea are tidal. The River Lee or River Lea (both spellings are in general use) is a river in England. It originates at Luton in the chalk beds of the northeast Chiltern Hills and flows generally east and then south to London where it joins the River Thames. Once an important commercial waterway, certain sections were canalized as part of the River Lea Navigation. Another artificial channel, the New River was constructed to take clean water to London from the Lee and its catchments areas and bypass the polluting industries that had developed in its downstream reaches. The New River is a man made waterway in England, opened in 1613 to supply London with fresh drinking water. It starts in between Ware and Hertford in Hertfordshire and travels 20 miles down to Stoke Newington. Among the districts it flows through are (from north to south). The River Lea Navigation is a canalized river

  • Word count: 4451
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Geograpgy glendun river

Contents Page 1 Front cover Page 30 Location - map showing bed load distribution Page 2 Contents Page 31 Evaluation Page 3 Section 1 - Applied understanding Page 32 Evaluation Page 4 Location Page 33 Evaluation Page 5 Location - map Page 34 Evaluation Page 6 Theory - Ideal stream Page 35 conclusion Page 7 Ideal stream table Page 36 Bibliography Page 8 We should expect to find at: Upper course Page 37 Appendix Page 9 Middle course Page 10 Lower course Page 11 Glossary Page 12 Glossary Page 13 Methodology Page 14 Equipment used Page 15 Data table Page 16 A comprehensive range of techniques Page 17 A comprehensive range of techniques Page 18 Originality Page 19 Results and analysis - Hypothesis 1 Page 21 Results and analysis - Hypothesis 1 Page 22 Results and analysis - Hypothesis 1 Page 23 Results and analysis - Hypothesis 1 Page 24 Results and analysis - Hypothesis 1&2 Page 25 Hypothesis 2 Page 26 Hypothesis 3 Page 27 Hypothesis 3 Page 28 Conclusion Page 29 Originality GCSE Geography Coursework Section 1 - Applied understanding Why? We are doing this study to test all the text book theories. It brings all the ideas that we read in a book to real life, we can see exactly what happens for ourselves we get the chance to record the results ourselves also this is a requirement for our geography GCSE and the study is worth 25% of our

  • Word count: 5322
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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York Flood Management Report

Geography Stephen Mathieson York Flood Management Report The city of York was originally built in a superb defensive position, it was an island almost completely surrounded be water from the river Ouse and the river Foss. With York being surrounded by the Vale Of York it is often under threat from flooding, records of flooding in York go back to the 14th century, but many archaeologists believe that York suffered from a major flood during Anglo-Saxon times. The worst flood witnessed by York happened in 1947 when the river Ouse burst its banks. This was due to the thaw of the river as it was frozen solid, it was so hard that a horse and cart were able to cross the river. York was again hit by a major flood in 1982 when flood levels reached 16feet high. York is often under threat to flooding because of its situation. The river Ouse is the principal drainage basin in Yorkshire. The Ouse is formed by the confluence of the Ouse, Gill, Beck and the river Ure, a few kilometres downstream of the confluence of the rivers Swale and Ure. The Ouse the flows southwards and is joined by the Nidd just to the north of York. The river Ouse meets the river Foss directly in the heart of the city centre. The tributaries of the Wharfe, Derwent, Aire and Don all join the Ouse further downstream before it meets the Trent to become the Humber Estuary.

  • Word count: 601
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Letter to the World Bank - What are the causes and effects of flooding in Bangladesh?

Cross unit task What are the causes and effects of flooding in Bangladesh? World bank, My name is Corrina I am writing to make you take notice of the horrific times Bangladesh has to face. At least once a year they suffer from a serious flood, which have awful effects. They have a huge amount of crops ruined, which means no food for the hungry young children and the adults. Having no food maybe bad but seven million homes are damaged or totally destroyed. So means people in Bangladesh are made homeless. One flood causes 2,379 deaths. So people loose loved ones. After reading this I hope you offer Bangladesh help. Bangladeshis is in Southeast Asia. Its latitude is between 20'34 and 26'39 and its longitude is between 88'00 and 92'41 east. It has a high population of 118.000.000 and an area of 144.000 sq km. This makes it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. It has a population density of 824 people per sq km. Bangladesh is boarded by India on the north, west, and east, Myarmer on the south-east, and the Bay of Bengal is to the south. The capital city is Dhaka, which is 1,400 km from India and roughly 600 km from Mandalay. The 3 main rivers are the Ganges, the Jamuna, and Bramaputra. The Brahmaputra being in the north the river Ganges being northeast and the river Jamuna being in the centre of them all. Land is located on the delta of the Padma River.

  • Word count: 1510
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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The Changes in Loughton Brook as it Moves Downstream

Geography Coursework The Changes in Loughton Brook as it Moves Downstream My general aim for this enquiry is to investigate the processes and changes of Loughton Brook as it moves downstream. In order to do this I have chosen three theories to investigate. To conduct my research I visited Loughton Brook in Epping Forest. Epping Forest lies to the north-east of London. It forms a large crescent of land stretching from Wanstead in the south to Epping in the north. The main part of the 19km forest lies on a high ridge of land (a watershed) between the valleys of the River Lea to the west and the River Roding to the east. On top of the ridge are patches of pebble gravel overlying bagshot beds which consist mainly of sand and clay, and at the bottom of the ridge is London clay. The top two layers are essentially free draining while the lower layers are relatively impermeable. This gives rise to a series of springs which emerge at the junctions between different layers. These springs are the source of a number of streams which drain the edges of the Epping Forest ridge. One of the largest is Loughton Brook which rises near High Beach and flows through the urban area of Loughton in to the River Roding. In the past, the area was used as a Royal Hunting Forest, but was also used by local people for grazing and as a source of fire wood. Approximately two thirds of the

  • Word count: 898
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Main features and landforms of glacial erosion.

Main features and landforms of glacial erosion. MICRO-SCALE: Striations: When a glacier moves across the underlying rock, the process of abrasion wears it away. It is the fragments of rock held in the ice that do the abrading, scraping across the rock surface like nails across a wooden desk top. Larger rock fragments leave deep scratch marks behind them. These scratch marks are straight parallel lines that reveal the direction of ice movement. Freshly exposed striations have a preferred orientation of rock grains. By lightly running a finger along the striation it is possible to discover that when moving one way along it, the rock feels smooth, but when moving the other way it feels coarser. The moving ice leaves the rock grains aligned with the direction of movement, so when the striation feels smooth, your finger is moving in the direction of ice flow. When the striation feels rough, you are moving against the ice flow. This test doesn't always work, and won't work on striations that have been exposed for a long period of time. Crag and tail: A crag and tail is a larger rock mass than a Roche moutonnee. Like a Roche moutonnee, it is formed from a section of rock that was more resistant than its surroundings. On the lee side of the resistant rock, the bed rock was protected from the erosional power of the glacier. The volcanic rocks on which Edinburgh Castle

  • Word count: 1281
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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I have decided to study the Shimna River as my case study. I picked this case study because I thought it would be both interesting and challenging as well as the fact it was on our doorstep. Before we could do anything we had to plan our investigation.

As part of our A level Geography course I have decided to study the Shimna River as my case study. I picked this case study because I thought it would be both interesting and challenging as well as the fact it was on our doorstep. Before we could do anything we had to plan our investigation. Through my fieldwork I must obtain a table of results. For such data I must display it in a clear and straightforward manner so I can analyse and interpret the results using statistical analysis such as averages, spearman's rank, nearest neighbour, chi square and location quotient. Planning Firstly we had to organise ourselves into four groups of four, by dividing the class a wider range of results can be obtained allowing a more accurate conclusion to be drawn up. Once in our groups we began discussing how we would draft up and collect our data. Then we familiarised ourselves with the equipment that we would be using on the fieldtrip by performing a practice run on the grounds of our school. In planning, it was decided that the width, depth, velocity, temperature, wetted perimeter and the smoothness of the stones would all be measured. From these results obtained, the cross-sectional area and discharge can be worked out by use of equations. In order to get a wide range of results, measurements from approximately 16 different points will be taken. In deciding which locations the

  • Word count: 723
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Water on the Land - Channel processes and landforms.

Geography Water on the Land Channel processes and landforms I. Distinguish between vertical and lateral erosion and examine where along the course of a river, each is likely to occur. (10 marks) Along the course of a river, there are various processes that take place, including several different types of erosion. Erosion is the wearing away of something over a period of time, and the two main types of erosion, upon which I will be focusing, are vertical and lateral erosion. Furthermore, there are four main processes of river erosion, which I will go into greater detail. Vertical erosion is specific to the upper course of a river, which is due to the high altitude and steep gradient of the source of the river, eroding in a downwards direction. It takes place at this point along the course of the river because the river is trying to find the quickest route to sea level and so cuts vertically through the rock in order to reach its mouth. Vertical erosion is a process which uses up a lot of the river's energy and so the structure of the river channel particular to this course of the river is generally very narrow and shallow, with large boulder strewn across it. The river channel generally does not increase in either width or depth as all of the river's surplus energy is used to erode vertically. The most common erosional process, which takes place in the upper

  • Word count: 3116
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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To assess whether the modified channel of the river ash is effective in reducing the risk of flooding to local homes.

GEOGRAPHY COURSEWORK INTRODUCTION Aim: To assess whether the modified channel of the river ash is effective in reducing the risk of flooding to local homes. To achieve this aim I will conduct a number of experiments within both the natural and modified channel to find out if the modified channel is effective in reducing the risk of flooding to local homes. A satellite image of the area studied in which the experiments on the River Ash took place. Both the modified and natural channel can be clearly seen. The location of the River Ash in relation to the UK. A map showing Staines at the source of the River Ash- the River Colne. The area in which the River Ash starts and flows out of the River Colne is very close to the A30 and the George VI Reservoir. A map showing the River Ash in Shepperton near Upper Halliford, Littleton and the Queen Mary Reservoir. A map showing Sunbury at the mouth of the River Ash where the Ash flows into the River Thames Location The River Ash is located in the south east of the UK. Although the river flows through Shepperton- in Surrey- the river is confined within the Spelthorne borough. The river's source is the River Colne in Staines. It flows from Staines in an easterly direction before flowing southeast through Laleham and bypasses Queen Mary's reservoir. It then turns east through Littleton and Shepperton before joining the

  • Word count: 6818
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Glacier movement.

Glacier movement essay Distinguish between the terms accumulation and net ablation? (5) These are terms that identify with methods of adding of taking away the ice on a glacier, inputs and outputs if you will. Accumulation is a zone where snow collects either from a heavy downpour or an avalanche in sufficient quantities to remain long enough to be converted into firn. This is process that snow goes through before becoming ice. This is often on a plateau as the snow stands a higher chance of settling where as on a slope it is often disturbed. This often takes place in the winter. ON the other hand there is ablation is where mass leaves the glacier usually in the form of melt water in rivers. However some is lost due to evaporation and on coasts as icebergs. Ablation has a tendency to occur in the summer where temperatures are higher and therefore ice may melt and leave the glacier. Explain how and why glaciers move. (20) The character of movement for a glacier is dependant on whether the glaciers' ice is warm or cold. This is because the different ice has different melting temperatures due to the pressure increase (by mass). As the pressure increases then the freezing point falls more and more below zero degrees C. Warm ice has a temperature of around 0 degrees throughout its depth. This means that it is able to realise large amount of melt water, especially in high

  • Word count: 1073
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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