What factors contributed to the expansion of the Barnwell area from a small village in 1801 to a busy suburb of Cambridge by 1901?

Question: What factors contributed to the expansion of the Barnwell area from a small village in 1801 to a busy suburb of Cambridge by 1901? * At the end of the eighteenth century Cambridge was suffering a significative diminuish of the population. We can notice this by looking at the statistics provided. Meanwhile in 1674 the population exceeded 9000, by 1728 Cambridge's population was under 8000. There were many reasons that could explain this sudden fall in population. One of them was the problem of overcrowding, and the repercussions that overcrowding causes. Possible consequences of this factor could have been: poor hygenical conditions ( lack of clean water for everyone, or excessive amounts of sewage which were hard to get rid of), lack of employment places for everyone, and also very high prices on the property market. This latter problem is strictly related with the expansion issue in Cambridge, which we will explore further on. Another factor which contributed to the fall in population towards the beginning of 1700, was the attraction that cities in the north exercised: this was the period of time in which the Industrial Revolution was fluorishing. In cities such as Manchester or Leeds ( typical northern cities), there was great possibility for employment, in the newly born industries. We will now analyze in more detail the expansion issue in Cambridge. The city of

  • Word count: 1052
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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What is meant by the term urbanisation?

A-Level Geography What is meant by the term urbanisation? [5] (a) Urbanisation is an increase in the percentage of a population living in urban areas. It is caused by migration to urban areas, higher birth rates in urban areas and higher death rates in rural areas due to famine decreased standard of living and poor water and hygiene. It can also be caused by incorporation of rural areas into urban areas. Explain the changing distribution of the world's largest cities in recent years [20] (b) In the past fifty years there have been dramatic changes in the distribution of the world's largest cities. In 1960 only one third of the world's population lived in urban areas, by 1999 this figure had reached almost one half of the world's population. In 1950 the world's largest cities were in mainly developed countries. In 2000 the distribution of the world's ten largest cities has changed to be in mainly developing countries. London, Moscow, Chicago and Paris are no longer in the top ten of the world's largest cities. Mexico city is now the largest city in the world, and it is over twice the size of the largest city in 1950. All cities have continued to grow rapidly. In 1950 only New York was a 'mega-city' with more than 10 million inhabitants. In 2000 all of the top ten largest cities are mega-cities and 7 of these are in developing countries. Rapid urban growth is

  • Word count: 887
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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What is Deforestation?

Deforestation occurs when a large area with trees is cleared off completely. At this current point of time, this unwanted process has reached its maximum level at various parts of the world. Since 1950, a fifth of the world's forest cover has been removed. At least 55% of the world's 30 to 40 million hectares of rare but incredibly productive temperate rainforest has been logged or otherwise cleared. Current rates of loss for rainforests and other ecosystems are over 20 million hectares a year, 40 hectares a minute. According to reports by World Resources Institute (WRI) and Rainforest Alliance, tropical forests account for 80% of that loss. An area almost the size of Washington State is destroyed each year, and at current rates, tropical forests will be reduced by almost half from existing levels in the next 45 years. There are many causes that bring about this phenomenon. Unfortunately, there are also many consequences that occur. About 2.9 billion tons of carbon is accumulated into the atmosphere every year. It has been estimated that deforestation could account for about 20 percent of the carbon emitted into the atmosphere. One of the main reasons for exploiting the forest is to attain the wood and timber from it. These raw materials can be used for many different purposes. Since wood has properties such as durable, light-weight, easily worked, waterproof material and

  • Word count: 1508
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Why do LEDC's Suffer Greater Damage From Earthquakes Than MEDC's

Why do LEDC's Suffer Greater Damage From Earthquakes Than MEDC's A MEDC is a more economically developed country; therefore it can afford to spend money on improving the countries stability and helping to decrease the damage from an earthquake. An example of a MEDC is Kobe, in Tokyo, where in January 1995; an earthquake that measured 7.5 on the Richter scale hit the city. A LEDC is a less economically developed country and therefore cannot afford to spend money to protect the country from earthquakes. An example of an LEDC is Armenia, in Columbia, where on the 25th January 1999; an earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter scale was the worst earthquake the country had experienced since 1983. As MEDC's have more money to spend on prediction methods, I would expect there to be less deaths and damage in MEDC's than in LEDC's. This is due to a number of reasons. Firstly, because MEDC's are more economically developed, they can afford to spend money on prediction methods, such as GPS satellite, which is when data is sent from satellites to computers with information such as plate movement and changes in the earth's surface. This prediction method is very accurate; however, a disadvantage is that if the computers fail then all of the data will be lost. Also, the fact that MEDC's have more money would also mean that they can spend more money on preparing the country for an

  • Word count: 1516
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Why did so many people die in the Kobe earthquake?

Why did so many people die in the Kobe earthquake? On the 15th of January 1995 at 5.46am a horrendous earthquake reaching 7.2 on the Richter scale, the worst in half a century struck the large Industrial town of Kobe. Over 5000 people were killed as a result of this earthquake. The tension built up between the Pacific and Eurasian plates and caused the earthquake, as the focus was at such a shallow point, the waves of the earthquake were very powerful. The epicenter was on Awaji Island within 20km of Kobe, so there wasn't enough space between the epicenter and Kobe for the waves to be absorbed. The earthquake first made the ground shake vertically then sideways. Hundreds of shock waves after the earthquake caused most tall buildings to collapse. As one aftershock got to the top of a building then bounced down again it would be hit by another aftershock working its way up the building, making the middle of it collapse. Houses collapsed trapping many people in their beds, immediately fires started and burnt out of control, trains were thrown off their tracks, water and gas mains collapsed. It was announced a state of emergency and army troops were sent to help. Very few people died due to the actual earthquake, most people died because of the primary or secondary effects. Primary effects such as damaged buildings or broken water or gas pipes lead to the secondary effects,

  • Word count: 476
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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Why was the site for Quarry Bank Mill chosen by Samuel Greg?

Why was the site for Quarry Bank Mill chosen by Samuel Greg? Samuel Greg chose the site at Quarry Bank near the village of Styal for a number of reasons. First, he needed a way to power his machines. The best form of power at the time was water power thanks to Richard Arkwright's water frame. However this would have cost Greg a lot of money to use, since Arkwright had patented the idea forcing people to pay him to construct the frame and pay an annual fee. Fortunately for Greg, Arkwright's patent on the water frame had just been removed so Greg would not have to pay to use it, so Greg opted for water power. Therefore, Greg needed a fast flowing river to provide the power. The site at Styal was next to the River Bollin, which was capable of supplying the necessary power and was not navigable so could be used by Greg. The land itself was ideal for building on as it was large and flat but it was in a remote area and was unsuitable for other purposes such as agriculture. As a result, the land was very cheap and Greg further reduced the cost by leasing it from the Earl of Stamford rather than buying it. The construction of the Bridgewater Canal several years earlier (1776) was another important factor in the selection of the site. It provided Greg with an effective and cheap transport network as raw materials could be brought from Liverpool to Styal and once refined

  • Word count: 681
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Geography
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