AS and A Level: Healthcare
- Marked by Teachers essays 191
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Types of abuse. Child abuse is categorised into different types
This is physical contact which can be assault by penetration e.g. r**e or oral s*x or assault by non penetrative acts such as kissing, masturbation or rubbing. There are also non-contact activities such as: involving children to witness or produce s****l images or do s****l activities, encouraging a child to behave in inappropriate ways, or grooming the child in preparation for abuse and use of s******y explicit language. Both males and females can commit acts of s****l abuse. * Emotional abuse ? Emotional abuse constantly emotionally mistreating a child to the result of causing severe adverse effects on the child's emotional development.
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Types Of Child Abuse
This is physical contact which can be assault by penetration e.g. r**e or oral s*x or assault by non penetrative acts such as kissing, masturbation or rubbing. There are also non-contact activities such as: involving children to witness or produce s****l images or do s****l activities, encouraging a child to behave in inappropriate ways, or grooming the child in preparation for abuse and use of s******y explicit language. Both males and females can commit acts of s****l abuse. * Emotional abuse ? Emotional abuse constantly emotionally mistreating a child to the result of causing severe adverse effects on the child's emotional development.
- Word count: 635
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Describe and explain how to communicate with children of different ages.
When communicating with a child you should not care what culture they are or where they are. 0-3 months ? Talking to a baby of this age is easy, as they will find your voice soothing. Babies of this age like the sound of your voice and some babies may even try to respond to you when you try talking to them. They also enjoy listening to soothing music so singing to a baby of this age is a good idea.
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Evaluate own communication skills in terms of developing relationships with children.
I would also use hand gesture myself to communicate with them because at times they couldn?t understand me either. As a child of this age isn?t very cognitively or intellectually developed it would obviously be hard to understand. To improve I would practice and learn some more hand gestures. 1-3 - Communicating with the children was a bit of a challenge when it came to this age group because some of the times they were really active and hyper and wouldn?t sit down to listen to what you had to say, so I found it harder to try to communicate with them.
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Psychological Perspectives - Humanistic Approach
He believed that people are fundamentally good. In the table below there are three 3 aspects of his theory and a definition to go with them. Core Self Self Concept Ideal Self This is who we are when we are born. This is how we see ourselves and the conditions of our worth. This is who we want to be. Humanistic psychologists believe that an individual?s behaviour is connected to their inner feelings and self image. A poor self image impacts how we interact with the world.
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Psychological Perspectives - Cognitive Approach
His particular insight was the role of maturation (i.e. simply growing up) in children's increasing capacity to understand their world. This means that they cannot undertake certain tasks until they are actually, psychologically mature enough to do so. Aaron Beck (1921-Present day) believes that a person?s reaction to specific upsetting thoughts may actually contribute to abnormality. As we confront the many situations that arise in life, both comforting and upsetting thoughts come into our heads. Beck calls these unbidden cognition?s automatic thoughts. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was created due to beck and it can be used to treat people with a wide range of different mental health problems.
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Psychological Perspectives - Biological Approach
His theory suggests that development in childhood and adolescence is primarily biological or genetic in origin. Biology and genetics inheritances determine predictable patterns in biological behaviour that Gesell termed as norms. He believed that children need a nurturing, stable environment, and very little else to mature both biologically and psychologically. Gesell was the first theorist to systematically study the stages of development, and the first researcher to demonstrate that a child?s developmental age (or stage of development)
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Psychological Perspectives - The behavioural approach is a psychological perspective that states that human behaviour is learned, thus all behaviour can be unlearned and new behaviours learned in its place
Skinner was an American psychologist, behaviourist, author, inventor, and social philosopher. He was also a professor of Psychology at Harvard University. Pavlov started from the idea that there are some things that a dog does not need to learn. For example, dogs don?t learn to salivate whenever they see food. This reflex is ?hard wired? into the dog?s brain. However, when Pavlov discovered that any object or event which the dogs learnt to associate with food would trigger the same response, he realized that he had made an important scientific discovery.
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Care Provision - highlighting gaps and provisions research
The society we live in is constantly changing with complex health and social care needs and some of the needs are not always met. An example of this is if you do not have a good understanding of English you may not be able to identify your needs and which services you need. Some groups in society are prioritised such as the elderly and other marginal groups. Aid reflection When taking part in research you need to evaluate the work you have undertaken this should include regularly updating a plan to see what changes may need to be made as you progress with your work.
- Word count: 827
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Explain how an organisation could ensure its staff selection procedure promotes equal opportunities.
It should be based on the candidate resume and work ethic. Therefore, it is vital that the organisation are aware of the language they are using when advertising. The organisation having mixed panel would enable an equal chance for the interviewee because the others might balance it out and focus on the skills and qualities of the interviewee. The mixed panel consists of having a diverse panel, such as; gender, culture, disability, age and ethnicity. By having a mixed gender and culture panel can ensure that the interviewee is protected from prejudice viewpoint.
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Outline the key features and evaluate how the Equality Act 2010 protects older people.
This means that it is illegal to directly discriminate an elderly service user or employee based on a protected characteristic. Further, making it illegal for an organisation to indirectly discriminate an elderly service user or employee by putting policies, rules or ways of doing things that would have a negative impact on them. However, the Equality Act has an exemption for age discrimination; it is still allowed as long as it has a legitimate aim. This means an employer or a service provider must justify the reason why they are discriminating on the basis of age.
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Unit 2 task 1 - Understanding the concept of equality, diversity and rights and their impact on care settings
My setting I have chosen to base this unit on is a local primary school. Discrimination can occur in schools, for example children may be denied admission to schools due to things like their culture, religion or family status. Teachers may also treat children who are already members of a school differently due to their individual differences, for example a teacher could discriminate against children who have foreign accents by not allowing them to read aloud during reading time. Discrimination can happen in all sorts of environments, for example: Work places - people can be discriminated against by employers who don't hire them due to their association to a group, like religion or culture for example.
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Unit 2 task 1 - examples of discriminatory practise
It can be overt or covert, and there are various types of abuse. For example it can be physical, for example punching, kicking, restraining someone unnecessarily, or handling people roughly when helping them with bathing, moving or using the toilet; s****l, for example doing things to a person without their consent; psychological, for example humiliating someone or harassing them; financial, for example stealing their money or possessions, or putting pressure on someone to give you money. Those most at risk from danger and harm are children, individuals with mental health problems, individuals with learning disabilities or physical disabilities, the elderly etc., as these kinds of people can be less powerful and easily influenced.
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Unit 2 task 1 - What discrimination can be based on and its effects
Cognitive ability Cognitive ability discrimination is treating someone unfairly because of their cognitive ability. In a school, if a parent brought their child along to a children's activity session, and the teacher told the parent that their child wasn't allowed to join in because of their cognitive ability. Social class Social class discrimination is treating someone differently due to their social class/background. If a child applied to join an afterschool club but was declined due to their lower social class.
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Unit 2 task 1 -Equality and Rights in Care Settings
For example, in a residential home a resident who needs help with personal care like washing should be bathed with the bathroom door closed, if they cannot drink properly from a cup then special cups should be provided or the necessary support provided, in a hospital curtains should be drawn around the bed whilst receiving treatment or having a bed bath etc. All of these practices help to maintain the dignity and privacy of the person being cared for, and care workers should provide care that ensures the person receiving care should not ever be made to feel embarrassed, belittled, or condescended.
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Risk Assessment Example - Doctor's Office - Unit 3 Health and Social Care task 4
The length of this curtain is too long and the bottom 4 inches drape along the floor, causing a tripping hazard. This hazard is especially a risk to children, the elderly, and those with vision impairments. For example an elderly person might get their foot caught in the bottom of the curtain and trip, possibly breaking bones or hitting their head. To reduce this risk, the curtain needs to be replaced with one of suitable length; until then, it should be tucked away when not in use.
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Unit 3 Health and Social Care - Care Value Base task 2
This is done by giving everyone the same quality of care and support (but no treating everyone the same way, as this can lead to indirect discrimination), and respecting/supporting the diversity of individual's lifestyles, backgrounds and values. This is known as client-centred care For example, when working with a Muslim resident in a doctor?s surgery, respecting their views and lifestyle, and allowing them to be examined by a female practitioner if they wish.
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Describe Factors Thet May Affect Self-Esteem.
Another factor is relationships with others. Relationship can impact an individual's self concept if you do not have a supportive family,or supportive friends. Relationship with family affect and influence your self esteem. This is because an individual may imitate attitudes and reactions when they are young and there is a huge influence when a person is young because it is the stage where they learn what is right and wrong. This may lead the individual to have a negative self concept with socialisation. Furthermore, having high expectations can also have a negative self concept of an individual, also if the person has been compared to other
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