Alexander Ofori 28th January, 2007.
Task 1
b) Describe the roles of the following design team members in the design process.
Client
Inception (A)
The client or prospective building owner is responsible for defining the building to suit needs
* Do we want to build, is it necessary?
* Appointment of the architect
* Decide on the type of building, always keeping in touch with the architect
* Go through with architect which consultants are to be appointed
* Make site visits
Feasibility (B)
Client will have to decide whether the project can be done in a technically, functionally and financially feasible way.
* Must outline plans
* Client to find out if the council will give permission to build
* Client will do a site visit with architect, consultants and engineers to do soil analysis
* Checking for building services previously laid and possible check to see if they are listed
* Architect writes a report about the land to client to tell him what he's money is going to be used for.
Outline Proposals (C)
* Client decides how he/she want the layout to be
* Client will decide on the design of structure
* Decide on services he/she wants and architect proposes whether or not its god enough
Scheme Design (D)
* Client is shown detailed drawing & models and also briefed for specifications & cost checks. Client signs contract. Full planning permission is obtained.
Detail Design (E)
* Client must be shown working drawings, services drawings. Listen to architect & agree or disagree
Production Information (F)
* Client will have to prepare schedules in regards to
Bills of Quantities (G)
* The client is shown the bill
Tender Action (H)
* The client sit down with the architect and contractor to look at the prices, quality of work and time within in which those on the tender list can do the job.
Architect
Brief Description
Once the initial ideas for a new building or restoration job have been sketched out, it's the architect's job to design the building in detail. This is done both by hand, and with the help of Computer Aided Design (CAD).
The job isn't just about drawing. A good architect will use their skills to breathe life into a building - by transforming the inner areas of a dark warehouse into flats flooded with natural light, for example.
Responsibilities
Taking brief details from a client to get an idea of what the client wants, making sure the build is within budget and making sure the legal paper work is sorted out
Qualities
As an architect, you'll need more than just an eye for detail and a flair for design. You'll need good people skills ...
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The job isn't just about drawing. A good architect will use their skills to breathe life into a building - by transforming the inner areas of a dark warehouse into flats flooded with natural light, for example.
Responsibilities
Taking brief details from a client to get an idea of what the client wants, making sure the build is within budget and making sure the legal paper work is sorted out
Qualities
As an architect, you'll need more than just an eye for detail and a flair for design. You'll need good people skills as well, and be an excellent communicator. It'll be your job to deal with local authorities to obtain planning permission.
You'll also have to keep the client and building contractor happy through your choice of building materials, and liaise regularly with the construction team and other team members.
Qualifications
To get on to one of the courses, you will have to have passed 2 A Levels / 3 H Grades and hold GCSE grades A-C / Standard Grades 1-3, in Maths, English and Science. However all universities and courses have different entry criteria's. There is a minimum of seven years training in architecture:-
* A 3 year degree.
* A year in an architectural office.
* A 2 year diploma.
And one year's work experience.
Professional Body
If you want to train as an architect, you will need a degree in architecture from one of the 36 nation-wide Architecture Schools, recognised by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA).
Earnings
Newly qualified architects with CAD experience can expect to earn around £20,000, an associate in a private practice about £33,000 and a partner around £40,000. As usual, salaries in London are higher.
Many architects set up their own practices and can earn even more, while others choose to move into project management.
Architectural Technologist
Brief Description
Architectural technologists are specialists in the application and integration of technology into design and construction. They specify and select technology, materials and processes in order to design buildings for production and performance. Chartered Architectural Technologists (that is Chartered Members of the Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologists, CIAT) are recognised as being qualified to manage design and construction projects from inception through to completion. For starters, you'll need to be both creative and able to think things through in a logical way. You'll also need to be good at communicating and dealing with people, as it's likely you'll spend a good deal of your time negotiating - and working with pretty strict planning and building control authorities!
Responsibility
Transferring of designs from plan onto CAD carries out site investigations or surveys and must not make mistakes in drawing.
Earnings
Can expect to earn up to £60,000
Qualifications
Having an HND/HNC in Architectural Technology or any subject within the Built Environment may enable you to become a Chartered Architectural Technologist, through CIAT's technician route to membership.
Professional Bodies
In order to qualify as a Chartered Architectural Technologist, you need to have either a CIAT accredited degree in Architectural Technology, or a closely related subject. These can qualify you for Associate membership of CIAT from which you can then progress onto Chartered Membership. Members of CIAT (MCIAT) may practise on their own account or with fellow Chartered Architectural Technologists, architects, engineers, surveyors and other professionals within the construction industry. As professionals adhering to a Code of Conduct, they are required to obtain and maintain Professional Indemnity Insurance (PII) if providing services directly to clients.
Additional benefits may include access to CPD and structured professional training as well as the opportunity to travel across the UK and overseas.
Landscape Architect
Brief Description
Landscape architecture is really a combination of architecture and horticulture. Working with plants, shrubs and trees, they develop the spaces between buildings. Of course, plants and trees also grow, so the landscape architect must be able to visualise how they will look a few years down the line.
Essentially they have to work in four dimensions - the usual three dimensions we're used to plus the extra dimension of time.
Responsibilities
The landscape architect must relay the land, beautify surroundings and also use plants break wind speed.
Qualities
Most importantly you'll need to be artistic, but you'll also need to be practical, have a broad knowledge of planting, soil conditions and the environment. Like everyone in construction, you'll also need to be a good communicator.
Qualifications
To become a Landscape Architect you will need to have taken a degree in landscape architecture - requirements to get on to a degree course vary between universities so you will need to check them out. Subjects that may prove helpful, include Art, Biology, Botany, Design and Geography. It is recommended that your course is accredited by the Landscape Institute (LI).
To become fully qualified you will need to have gained a degree, have at least 2 years professional experience and pass a professional practice exam set by the LI.
There is an NVQ/SVQ available in Environmental Conservation or Constructing and Restoring Landscapes at Levels 2 and 3, and a Level 3 in Designing and Specifying Land Designs, which will form part of your training.
Earnings
Gain enough experience in landscape architecture and you'll be in a great position to set up your own business. Wage wise, newly qualified landscape architects can expect to earn about £18,000, and if chartered, around £23,000. As always, salaries are higher in London and continue to rise at senior and executive level.
Professional Body
As a landscape architect you can become a member of the RHC.
Structural Engineer
Brief Description
A structural engineer makes sure that a building's shape, design and the materials it is made from are strong enough to withstand the forces of nature. In the UK this might not seem quite so radical but in areas prone to earthquakes, it can make the difference between life and death.
Structural engineers don't just work with new structures. Old or damaged buildings can often need to be made safe and secure as well.
Responsibility
Ensure structure stands up including in all weather conditions, checks alterations on buildings, access loads on structure, ensures architects designs are safe, selects suitable structure system to carry loads.
Qualifications
A degree, BTEC or HND in Structural Engineering is required to train as a structural engineer. To gain a place on a degree course you will need a minimum of 2 A Level / Higher Grade passes. There are several stages of training, firstly completing a period of initial professional development. You must then pass a professional review, and finally gain membership into the Institution of Incorporated Engineers.
Earnings
Graduates can expect to earn about £16,000. A senior engineer with five years' experience earns around £27,000, while an associate can expect £34,000. As usual, salaries in London are higher.
Some structural engineers go on to set up their own practices, and can earn even more. Professional Body
ICE - Institute of Civil Engineers
Services Engineers
Brief Description
To fit into this role, you'll need to be interested in science, especially physics. You'll also be interested in conservation, as it'll be your job to ensure that all types of energy are used properly and efficiently.
Qualifications
To train as a building services engineer, you will need GCSEs (A-C) / Standard Grades (1-3) in Maths and Science, which will be helpful in measurements, planning and theory. Employers will often want a degree in a branch of engineering, such as building environment engineering, electrical engineering or mechanical engineering. Before you can qualify as a registered engineer, you will need to pass a period of Initial Professional Development, assessed by the Engineers Council.
Responsibility
It's the building services engineer's job to design, install and maintain the essential services such as gas, electricity, water, heating and lighting - as well as many you probably don't give much thought to. These all help to make buildings comfortable and healthy places to live and work in.
Earnings
Graduates can expect to earn around £18,000, and senior engineers about £28,000. As always, salaries in London are higher.
Professional Body
Services Engineers can be member of Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE).
