malnutrition diseases plus vitamin functions in the body and sources

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Melissa Burton                                              National Diploma Health and Social Care Task 2 NutrientFunction in the bodyFoods containing the nutrientSimple CarbohydrateSimple carbohydrates release energy around the body they are also known as sugars, they exist in either a natural or refined formNatural formFruits and vegetablesRefined formBiscuits, cakes, pasties, chocolate, honey and jams, jellies, brown and white cane sugar, pizzas, soft drinks, sweets and snack bars, prepared foods and sauces.Complex CarbohydratesComplex carbohydrates also release energy around the body but they do it in a more sustained release than simple carbohydrates. They are also found in natural sources and refined in processed foods. Complex carbohydrates are also referred to as starch or starchy foods.Natural sourcesBananas, yams, beans, chickpeas, lentils, nuts, oats, wholemeal bread, cereals, rice and pasta. Refined formsPizzas, biscuits, cakes, white bread, flour, pasta, rice, sugary processed breakfast cereals.Lipids saturatedLipids are another name for Fat. It provides a source of concentrated energy and is needed for hormone metabolism, healthy skin and hair, tissue repair, protecting the internal organs and to prevent excessive loss of body heat. These types of fat raise cholesterol levels and increase your risk of many chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke and certain cancers if eaten in large proportionsSaturated fat is mainly found in dairy and animal products such as: meat, butter, cream, cheese, eggs, lard, full fat milk, full fat yoghurt. Saturated fats are also found in hard margarines that are formed by the 'hydrogenation' of vegetable oils.Lipids unsaturatedUnsaturated fats contain essential fatty acids that cannot be manufactured by the body. This means you need to get them from food.They come from vegetable sources and are also found in oily fish, soft margarines, unsalted nuts, avocado, seeds pumpkin, sunflower and sesame. ProteinsProteins main job is to build cells and muscles. They also help to repair muscles when damages. Bones also get help from protein as they help to build and repair them too. Excess protein can be used to provide energy, 1g of protein provides 4kcal of energy.Proteins are found in meat, fish, poultry, dairy and eggs, bread and other cereal products.Vitamin AVitamin A is also known as retinol and has a number of important functions, it helps maintain the health of the skin and mucus lining, helps strengthen immunity from infections and helps vision in dim light.Vitamin A is found in cheese, eggs, oily fish (such as mackerel), milk, fortified margarine and yoghurt.Vitamin CVitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid. It helps to
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protect cells and keep them healthy. It also helps the body absorb iron from food Vitamin C is found in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. Good sources are peppers, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, sweets potatoes, oranges and kiwi fruits.Vitamin DIt helps regulate the amount of calcium and phosphate in the body, and calcium and phosphate are needed to help keep bones and teeth healthy. Vitamin D is not found in that many foods, but you can find it in oily fish, eggs, margarine, breakfast cereals, powdered milk, liver and liver products. We get most of our vitamin D from ...

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