Psychiatry - A Social Stigma!

Psychiatry - A Social Stigma! By Dr. Harsha Gopisetty News paper headlines stating 'Death of 25 mentally-ill patients, charred beyond recognition, in a devastating fire which engulfed their thatched hostel, pathetically chained to their cots in Ervadi Mental Hospital in Tamil Nadu' and on the other extreme 'States like Haryana do not have a mental hospital' is very revealing of the neglected state of approach to the mentally ill in India. One wonders! Why it is so? When all other sciences have made such great advances in India, Psychiatry has made virtually no headway, and is in a very nascent state. The first Department of Psychiatry with outpatient facility in a general hospital in India was opened on 1st May 1933, at the then Carmichael Medical College, now known as R. G. Kar Medical College, in Kolkata. The traditional approach to the care of the mentally ill during the last 200 years was custodial, rather than therapeutic. This approach to "Psychiatric Care Delivery System" was introduced in India from Britain. Mental hospitals were established in isolated areas, often on the outskirts with the object of segregating the patient as troublesome and dangerous to their neighbors. The overriding concern was to protect the citizens without regard for appropriate care and cure of the ailing patients. As a consequence of this objective of the mental hospitals, the quality of

  • Word count: 1439
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Problem Based Learning Scenario 3: "Mrs Moonshine and MMR"

Problem Based Learning Assessment 1 Candidate: 13027 Community Health Sciences BMedSci Hand in Date: 09/01/2006 Word Count: 2,998 Problem Based Learning Scenario 3: "Mrs Moonshine and MMR" "Mrs Moonshine is visiting the paediatric community clinic. She I seen by a practise nurse and discusses the MMR vaccine with him. She is concerned about her child Henry, who is due to receive the vaccine. She has read reports about the vaccine and brings an article about a study which she has read to the clinic and wants to know why the medical community does not respect it. The practice nurse declares that the study was methodologically flawed and lacked internal validity. Later Mrs. Moonshine demands that Henry is given the three vaccines as separate injections. The practise nurse insists that this is dangerous and offers to refer her to the immunisation co-ordinator. What issues are raised here? Consider the implications for research and practice?" (Community Health Sciences Problem Based Learning booklet 2005) Objectives derived from above article: Page . Define Terms - Immunisation Coordinator and Internal Validity. 2 2. Critical Appraisal of the Wakefield et al paper . 4 3. Advantages and disadvantages of MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) combined vaccine and individual vaccines. 7 4. Public

  • Word count: 3732
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Operations in the early 19th century resulted in a high death rate. Explain why so many patients sis not survive there operations.

Task 1: Operations in the early 19th century resulted in a high death rate. Explain why so many patients sis not survive there operations. In the early 19th century the amount of operations carried out each week was a very small amount when compared to today's figures. There were many reasons for this, but one was the patients attitudes towards allowing themselves have an operation. It was well known at this time the conditions of hospitals. They were very unsanitary and the majority of people did not come out alive. Before 1847, patients that underwent an operation in hospital did so as a last resort. There chances of survival were minimal. This was common knowledge and because of this many people did not want to go to hospital to receive the treatment they needed. An operation in the 19th century usually consisted of an amputation of a limb or the removal of bladder stones. During the operations the patient would be able to feel the doctor cutting into there skin and the pain would be immense. At this time there were few antiseptics and usually the only form of pain relief was to drink yourself silly with alcohol, in the hope that you would pass out and numb the pain of the operation. This would never completely dull the pain and the operation would be excruciation for the patient during and after. The patents had to be restrained during the operation as they could move and

  • Word count: 1287
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Use examples from your placement to show you have developed positive relationships with children. Choose three from the following and give an example of each. Your examples should include the situation, the people involved

P1 Use examples from your placement to show you have developed positive relationships with children. Choose three from the following and give an example of each. Your examples should include the situation, the people involved (not actual names but use actual age), what you did and how the child / children reacted. * Adapting your behaviour to the age, needs and abilities of the child * Make the children feel welcome and valued * Negotiated with a child/children to meet their needs and preferences * Involved children in decision making * Respected confidentiality and its boundaries * Practiced inclusive and anti-discriminatory practice * Promoted children's self-esteem Introduction The relationships young children form with adults serves as a foundation for positive behaviour and strong self-esteem. Preschoolers need to feel good about themselves in order to respect others and behave in socially accepted ways. Children who feel loved and accepted for who and what they are, are more likely to trust and accept other people, thus developing positive relationships. Negotiated with a child/children to meet their needs and preferences Every child is different. He/she has different family backgrounds and different history from that of other children. Thus, after having observed each child, the child carer (and I) can then negotiate with them and meet their needs and

  • Word count: 1569
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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PYSICAL, INTELLECTUAL, EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE LIFE STAGES

PYSICAL, INTELLECTUAL, EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE LIFE STAGES There are 8 live stages in total; these are the stages a person goes through during the course of their life. These stages are conception, pregnancy, birth and infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, older adulthood and the final stages of life. Conception and Pregnancy Conception is when a live sperm penetrates a newly released mature egg successfully and the cells begin to multiply. The sperm meets the egg during sexual intercourse when thousands of sperm are released into the woman's vagina. It only takes one of these sperm to penetrate the egg, but even if intercourse takes place at the correct time in a perfectly healthy couple there is only a 30% chance of the woman becoming pregnant. Once the egg is fertilized it continues its journey to the womb, which usually takes a couple of days. When it gets there it embeds itself into the lining of the womb. The two cells, the egg and sperm, a known as haploid cells, when they fuse together they are called a zygote and are now a single haploid cell. The word Zygote comes from the Greek word "zugotos" which simply means joined. The zygote is now dividing rapidly into a hollow ball of unspecialized stem cells; this is now known as an embryo. The embryo continues to grow and develop rapidly, it starts to look more like a baby and grows organs

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Describe key legislation in relation to health, safety and security and setting out how this influences health and social care delivery.

P2: Describe key legislation in relation to health, safety and security and setting out how this influences health and social care delivery. Fire The legislation that covers Fire in the workplace is: - Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997 - FPWR In general, FPWR requires that premises with over 5 workers must have a written fire risk assessment detailing the appropriate fire safety work required, though some premises can be exempt. Following the fire risk assessment the employer must where necessary in order to safeguard the safety of employees in case of fire and to the extent that it is appropriate, provide: - A) Emergency exit routes and doors; B) The final emergency exit doors must open outwards and not be sliding or revolving; C) Emergency lighting to cover the exit routes where necessary; D) Fire-fighting equipment, fire alarms and where necessary fire detectors. E) Fire Exit signs, fire alarms and fire fighting equipment must be provided with pictograph signs - Health and Safety (Safety Signs & Signals) Regulations 1996. F) Employers must train employees in fire safety following the written risk assessment. G) An emergency plan may have to be prepared and sufficient workers trained and equipped to carry out their functions within any such plan. H) All equipment and facilities such as fire extinguishers, alarms systems and emergency

  • Word count: 4804
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Give practical examples of how Queensland could balance the rights and responsibilities of its service users to provide quality care.

AO1: Promoting The Rights And Responsibilities Of Service Users In Care Settings Task 1D: Give practical examples of how Queensland could balance the rights and responsibilities of its service users to provide quality care. In care settings the term quality practice is used to describe the promotion of service users` rights, which are essentially the same rights that are afforded to everyone else, such as the right to marry and freedom of expression; Care workers must actively promote the rights of service users in order to maintain quality practice. One of the toughest things is to balance out rights and responsibilities. It means taking ownership not only of your "stuff", but also keeping an eye out for the other people as well. For example, being responsible around the Queensland for the service users may mean cleaning up after your mess and taking care of your belongings, but it also means having consideration for others, keeping the group areas of Queensland in reasonable condition, etc. The responsibility extends beyond yourself, but to others in your environment as well. The service users are normally taught about "rights" early on as well. Rights are what service users are or "should" be entitled like confidentiality is their right. Service users are entitled to make everyday choices, such as what food they wish to eat, what time they go to bed and get up,

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  • Level: AS and A Level
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Ethical Precaution

Section B - Ethical Precautions The key criteria that must be met before any research is considered 'ethically acceptable' are as follows: * Protection of rights: the participants' rights to privacy and confidentiality should be protected. * Protection from harm: no harm should be done to others as a result of the research. * Positive contribution: some good or benefit should come out of the research investigation; it should result in a positive contribution to knowledge and human understanding. * Honesty and integrity: researchers should act in an honest way and be truthful and open in their methods and behaviour. All of your research participants have a basic right to privacy and to be fully informed about what's involved in your research investigation. In order to ensure that you protect the rights of potential participants, you'll need to develop clear, practical ways of gaining their informed consent and of protecting the confidentiality of the data that you obtain from them. OBTAINING INFORMED CONSENT As a researcher, you must be able to demonstrate that your research participants have freely given their consent to being involved in your research investigation and that they have a full understanding of what the research involves. They must be aware of the aims of your research and of any risks that they may face if they participate. They must also be fully

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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I have chosen to carry out my coursework on the topic of smoking because I find this subject interesting as I see it all the time in my everyday life and more of my friends have started smoking recently

By Emma Goan In spite of all the health warnings, teenagers continue to get hooked on tobacco even though they all know that it's bad for them. It is therefore logical to conclude that a shallow knowledge of the health risks is not enough to convince teenagers to not smoke. My name is Emma and I am studying Learning for Life and work GCSE in St Columbanus College. I have studied Employability and PSHE so far. In PSHE I have looked at drugs, household budgets, influences, fitness and sex! I have chosen to carry out my coursework on the topic of smoking because I find this subject interesting as I see it all the time in my everyday life and more of my friends have started smoking recently in their teen years, also because I have felt the peer pressure of doing it before. Most teens begin smoking as a result of peer pressure. They think that it's okay because their friends are doing it. At this age, teens suffer with insecurity, and they have a great desire to fit in. They think they will not get addicted. Young people underestimate the addictive qualities of nicotine. Seventy-five percent of all adult smokers thought they would never get addicted as teenagers. Another reason young people begin smoking is that the teen years are a rebellious stage in life. Since smoking is illegal for teenagers, and most adults (even adults who smoke) say teens shouldn't smoke, the

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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The Difference between Person Centred and Psychodynamic therapy. Wheeler and McLeod (1995) briefly compare the key principles of Person Centred and Psychodynamic approach and critically evaluate where the approaches part company with one another

Difference between Person Centred and Psychodynamic therapy 'Person-centred and psychodynamic counsellors have a lot to offer each others.....however when the differences between the approaches are examined there are significant areas of contradiction and incompatibility' Wheeler and McLeod (1995) briefly compare the key principles of Person Centred and Psychodynamic approach and critically evaluate where the approaches part company with one another Person centred and psychodynamic counsellors, both have one main aim -to help people develop in a positive way and to move forwards , however the methods they use to reach this goal varies .I will give a brief description of both of the key concepts and compare them ,then evaluate how these differences make the two approaches separate . The Psychodynamic Approach focuses on our mind soul and spirit and how our past can influence these aspects especially our childhood experiences and unresolved childhood conflicts can lead to anxiety and problems when older. Psychodynamic is very much about looking into our unconscious it also delves into how people deceive themselves as to our intentions desires and beliefs and how these deceptions can cause conflict between our expressed goals and our actions. Important aspects of Freudian theory has been the idea that these traumatic experiences are actively repressed and therefore clients

  • Word count: 1026
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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