Otitis Media

Otitis Media Is another term for an ear infection. Ear infections are the most common cause of earaches. Most ear infections occur in the middle ear. Ear infections are a normal cause of infant distress, and they are often associated with children, but this condition can also affect adults. The infection that occurs in the middle ear often accompanies a common cold, the flue, or another kind of respiratory infection. This happens because the middle ear in connected with the upper respiratory tract by the Eustachian tube. Most parents deal with the frustrations of ear infections. Ear infections account for the highest number of doctor visits next to well baby checkups. Approximately thirty million doctor visits a year in the United States are for ear infections. Ear infections also account for half of antibiotic prescriptions given , and the cost of treating middle ear infections in the United States has been estimated at $2 billion per year. Cells in the middle ear make a fluid that help keep out invading organisms. In normal cases, the fluid drains out through the Eustachian tube and down into the throat. But if the Eustachian tube becomes swollen or blocked, the fluid becomes trapped in the middle ear, which forms the perfect place for bacteria and viruses which causes the area to become inflamed and/or infected. The tube is shorter in children, which could

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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the cost of cigarette smoking on human health

As many people know, smoking is extremely bad for the human body. Smoking causes several diseases, the main disease being lung cancer. There are said to be 69 caner causing chemicals inside a standard cigarette (www.canceresearchuk.org 05/01/2007). Smoking can cause many diseases, but people still choose to smoke. There is no reason to need to smoke. People who smoke cause people around them to smoke as well without realizing it. The smoke goes down into their lungs and causes build ups of tar around the alveoli and down the airways to the lungs. Tar is a term that describes a collection of solid particles that smokers inhale when they light a cigarette. It is a mixture of lots of chemicals, many of which can cause cancer. (www.cancerresearchuk.org 06/01/2007) Nitrogen oxide can constrict the airway, causing the lungs to do more work than usual. One of the most deadly chemicals for humans is in a cigarette, arsenic. It can cause cancer as well as damaging the heart and its blood vessels. Small amounts of arsenic can accumulate in smokers' bodies and build up to higher concentrations over months and years. Another of the most dangerous chemicals in cigarette smoke is formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is a smelly chemical used to kill bacteria, preserve dead bodies and manufacture other chemicals. It is one of the substances in tobacco smoke most likely to cause diseases in our lungs

  • Word count: 960
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Factors that affect learning for different individuals. The factors that currently influence my learning do have a strong impact; my chosen lifestyle means that I need to be employed and work a minimum of sixteen hours per week in order to pay the bills.

Task 2: Factors that influence learning vary between individuals, so factors that affect me may not necessarily affect others. David Kolb observed that "personal habits and routines, beliefs, cultural customs, values, motivation and career aspirations are all influences because they can affect attitudes to study and its priority over other demands on an individual, such as home life or work." (B. Stretch, M. Whitehouse. BTEC Nationals Health and Social Care Book 1: 279) The following diagram shows a range of influences that affect learning. The factors which are identified in the diagram that have the most impact on my learning are: time, friends, aspirations, employment, lifestyle and motivation. Some of these factors influence me negatively and some positively; although I have found that with experience and change in my surrounding environment that these factors differ. I have also found that with experience I have developed ways to overcome the barriers that influence my learning. The factors that currently influence my learning do have a strong impact; my chosen lifestyle means that I need to be employed and work a minimum of sixteen hours per week in order to pay the bills. The time that I spend at work means I have limited time to complete any college work so therefore I need to be motivated continuously to attend college, work and complete assignments. Not only

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Alzheimer's Disease: The Gradual Death

Alzheimer's Disease: The Gradual Death Over four million Americans have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (1). One of those is my grandfather. He has suffered from Alzheimer's for almost 8 years. I have watched my grandfather slowly decline and forget things such as where he lived, my name, and even how to talk. Many times I was upset and confused and often puzzled at the way he acted. I knew something was seriously wrong because he could never remember anything and often had tears in his eyes. I felt angry when he didn't remember who I was. Eventually, he could no longer put together a sentence that made sense and he relied on others for total care. We have been forced to place him in a nursing home, and watch him decline more rapidly. I would like to learn more about Alzheimer's so that I might be educated more about the disease and the current research taking place regarding the disease. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder that attacks the brain and slowly kills brain cells. The disease causes severe changes to occur in the brain. The disease moves slowly and begins with mild memory problems that increasingly get worse until the brain begins to shut down vital functions. Alzheimer's disease affects a person's ability to remember, think, and use language correctly. The causes for Alzheimer's are not yet entirely clear and there is no known

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Protecting Adults

Explain how individual rights can be respected in a supportive relationship. Explain how supportive relationships can enhance the life experiences of individuals receiving health and social care services P1 & M1 Bukola Adedeji This role play is about Physical abuse Characters Doctor Patrick Star - Therapist Sponge bob Square pants - Client Sandy Cheeks - Receptionist Mrs Krabs - Manager Introduction This play is about a man named Spongebob Squarepants. All his life Spongebob suffered from physical abuse. His mother always used to hit him, now Spongebob finds it hard to interact with females; it has also affected his self confidence. Mrs Krabs his manager has seen that Spongebob acts different towards females and has called him into her office to discuss his future. Spongebob told his boss all about his troubled past and why he had been slacking. His boss Mrs Krabs then arranged for him to see a therapist, Spongebob wasn't really keen on the idea of going to see a therapist but if it meant him keeping his job then he didn't mind. Sandy Cheeks - Hello how may I help you? Spongebob - I have a 2'oclock appointment with a doctor Patrick Star Sandy Cheeks - Name? Spongebob - Mr Spongebob Squarepants Sandy Cheeks - Ok Mr Squarepants, take a seat over there and I'll call you when the doctor is ready to see you Spongebob - Thanks After a few minutes Sandy Cheeks called

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Choose an area that you have studied. Explain the legal and ethical issues it raises and analyse whether or not the law deals with these adequately. Are there any improvements you would suggest?

Choose an area that you have studied. Explain the legal and ethical issues it raises and analyse whether or not the law deals with these adequately. Are there any improvements you would suggest? The area I have chosen to examine is that of consent to treatment, particularly in relation to children. There are a number of reasons for this choice. Firstly it is an area through which everyone must pass before he or she becomes legally competent to consent, thus is something everyone can relate to and at least to some extent understand the difficulties that arise from it. Secondly while certain areas or aspects of children consenting, or rather not having the right to consent, may not prove to be contentious there are particular areas, for example that of medical research, in which it may seem questionable to allow someone other than the subject of that research to be the one to consent to it. It raises the question of how far should children be protected, and is restricting their right to consent a suitable way of doing this, especially if other ethical considerations, such as religion, are ignored? Finally the term child will also need to be looked at, for while it may be simple to quote a legal definition to determine who is and is not a child the application of this in reality is regrettably not so simple. Before looking at consent in relation to children it is useful

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Can we treat acne, and what methods should we use?

Acne Acne is perhaps the most common health condition that can affect people in their life. Acne scars the self-image of a person, which can decide happiness or depression, success or failure, and many other outcomes in life. The question is can we treat acne, and what methods should we use? Acne is a disease of the sebaceous hair follicle that is caused when sebum is trapped within the follicle. Acne occurs where there are a large number of sebaceous gland, for example, the face, neck, scalp, chest, back, upper arms and shoulders. It is usually characterized by skin blemishes, and occurs throughout one's lifetime. Since it is related to hormonal imbalances, acne more frequently appears in women over forty as they approach menopause and at puberty. Acne begins when the body starts to produce androgens. As the androgen production increases and the sebaceous glands enlarge the inner lining of skin by the hair follicle also changes. During puberty the dead cells inside the follicle shed rapidly and tend to stick together. When combined with the sebum they clog the follicle. The clogged follicle becomes a breeding ground for Propionibacterium acnes. P. acnes ingests sebum and multiplies rapidly. The chemicals produced by P. acnes cause inflammation in the follicle and the surrounding skin. These clogged follicles develop into comedones and inflamed lesions. Comedones are small,

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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P3: describe the influence of two predictable and two unpredictable life events can affect an individuals development

P3: describe the influence of two predictable and two unpredictable life events can affect an individual's development Starting school or nursery Starting school or nursery could be the first major life event that a person goes through and lots of people can remember their first day at school. Those who start school are normally nervous yet excited, this is because they are looking forward to being in a new place, yet scared because they don't know what it's going to be like. Children may end up crying for their mother or father or carer because it could be their first day without them and this could make them miss their loved ones. When it comes to the time where the child is starting school for the first time, they don't know what to expect from all the new things they learn and all the people they meet. When at school children tend to learn a load of new things and they will put energy into work as well as putting energy into meeting and getting to know people. They will learn a lot and this will only increase through life. There can be a negative attitude towards going to school for the first time as children may not feel excited or they feel so attached to their Mom or Dad that they don't want to be left at school. They may even be afraid of the teachers and children and so they may not want to go back again. The fact that they might not want to play with others

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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HSc24 Ensure your own actions support the care, protection and well being of individuals

Ensure your own actions support the care, protection and well being of individuals: HSC24 This shows how the case studies relate to the PCS and KS Think about the individuals at work with and complete this table-remember to give practical examples. Unit/PC/KS Individual right One practical example of how I put this into practice in my job HSc24 Pc a 1/2/3/4//5 HSC24 pc C 3 KS 2/3/5/6/7/8/14 To be respect Without respect it is unlikely that a care worker will be able to establish an effective relationship with their clients. The ways I shown respect to my clients is: 1. I am calling to my clients by their preferred Name. 2. Trust: by allowing them to make choice or I will make choice for them. 3. I am trying to be good listener with my service users and I speaking slowly rather than speaking two sentences together. HSc24 Pc a 1/2/3/4//5 HSC24 pc C 3 KS 2/3/5/6/7/8/14 To be treated equality and not be discriminated against Dignity is linked with how people feel, think and behave in relation to worth or value of themselves and others to treat someone with dignity is to treat them as being of worth in a way that is respectful of them as valued individual. As of me I always prefer to tell my clients by their preferred name, asking for their choice in cloth, food and shopping as well. HSc24 Pc a 1/2/3/4//5 HSC24 pc C 3 KS 2/3/5/6/7/8/14 To be

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  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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Structure and function of the muscular system

Structure & Function of the Muscular System Task One The human body contains more than 650 individual muscles which are attached to the skeleton. This provides the pulling power for us to move around. The main job of the muscular system is to provide movement for the body. The muscular system is split into 3 categories of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth and cardiac. Each different tissue has the ability to contract, this allows the body's movements and functions. There are two types of muscles involuntary which contract and relax automatically inside your body. These cannot be controlled. Then there is voluntary muscles which are muscles that can move whenever you want. Heart or cardiac muscle is an example of an involuntary muscle. Cardiac Muscle The cardiac muscle is the muscle of the heart. It is the tissue that makes up the wall of the heart called the myocardium. Like the skeletal muscles, the cardiac muscle is striated and contracts through the sliding filament method. But the cardiac muscle is different from other types of muscles because it forms branching fibres. Unlike the skeletal muscles, the cardiac muscle is attached together instead of bone. The cardiac muscle is fatigue resistant because it doesn't get tired, if it did then we wouldn't be alive. The strength of contraction is high because our heart has to pump blood around the body. Skeletal

  • Word count: 1846
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Healthcare
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