War in the air.

WAR IN THE AIR INTRODUCTION In 1914 war broke out between all the major powers of Europe. Tension had been building up for a long time for many reasons. I have chosen to do my project on "War in the Air", because I was interested by how much air technology advanced as a direct result of the demands of war. I have divided up my project into three sections: . Air technology in 1914. 2. Use of aircraft in the early part of the war. 3. (a) How the use of aircraft changed the war, (b) New development's that allowed aircraft to take on new roles. During my research I went to the local library, I also went to the main library in Cambridge and used the school library and resources to see what books and information were available on this subject. I searched the internet for relevant sites, and I contacted Duxford Air Museum and the RAF Hendon Museum. AIR TECHNOLOGY IN 1914 It is clear that in 1914 Germany was far better equipped that the Allies. Despite hindsight being easy, it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that Britain was very slow to recognise the potential importance of the aeroplane to warfare. The use of 'lighter-than-air' machines such as balloons and kites had been used in warfare to a limited degree since the beginning of the 18th Century. It was not long after the Wright brothers successfully developed the first 'heavier-than-air' machine that some countries

  • Word count: 3496
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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"War in the Modern World includes terrorism and the threat of Nuclear War. How might the Bible, the churches and the teachings of Jesus guide Christians in these matters?"

"War in the Modern World includes terrorism and the threat of Nuclear War. How might the Bible, the churches and the teachings of Jesus guide Christians in these matters?" The threat of Terrorism and Nuclear War is real in today's modern society. Over the last 100 years, war has become more dangerous than at any other time in history - due to technological advances and more civilians becoming involved in war as a whole - 9 out of 10 injuries today will be sustained by the local population rather than the men at the front. One particular conflict between England, France, Germany, Turkey and Russia was World War One. This war was one where many weapons which we see today were being developed to change the way war was being fought. The Tank which was made in our own fair city of Lincoln by Joseph Ruston may have failed at first in 1916 but by 1939 even Germany had copied the original design for a tank and created a Panzer Division to try to defeat us in World War Two. Russia was an example of a country changed by this war. Before it the Romanovs had been in control of a huge nation - 1, 33,000 people mainly serfs for 300 years in luxury. By 1918 the Royal Family had been overthrown due to the losses in the "Great War" mainly due to the fact the Empress was a German, raised in England by a bourgeois regime of the Victorian Era. The Workers overthrew the nobility using

  • Word count: 3811
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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War on Iraq.

War on Iraq Outline: * What is war? * Horrors of war. * Results of the war. * Olden times wars. * New and modern wars. * Why war on Iraq begins? * What are the key factors? * Factors on the scene. * Factors behind the scene. * To change the world order. * For personal benefits. * To again rule the world. * Boosting the economy. * Most important - Super Power. * First Afghanistan then Iraq. * Who will be the next one? * Protests against the war and in favor of peace. * World peace is in danger. * Other countries can also take this step. * Pakistan's role and policies. * UN's role. * Denial of UN resolutions. * What will be the result of this war? Essay: War is the waging of armed conflict against an enemy. War is a dreadful word. Whenever it is spoken or read a terrible picture appears on the screen of our mind. Some years ago, the picture and concept of the war was not as it is today. There was a vast battlefield in which two armies were engaged in a fight. They were trying to kill as many of their opponents as possible. For this purpose they user guns and tanks. In the seas, two navies were also battling against each other, with ships sinking and men drowning. In olden times, war was not as destructive as it is today. People did die and ruin and destruction did take place, but it was on a limited scale. It was mostly soldiers and army men who were

  • Word count: 976
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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War Photography

'MORE PHOTOGRAPHS OF WAR ARE APPEARING IN THE MEDIA THAN EVER BEFORE.' Perhaps no event susceptible to being photographed has received more attention than war. Whether as a record for the events that took place, a logical tool, or a form of propaganda, photography has played a critical part in forming the public's response to global and local conflicts. Photographers report the physical impact and the emotional effects of war; a destroyed building, a dead child or a struggling soldier. However, we ask; should war really be portrayed in this manner? Are pictures really worth a 1000 words? What does it mean to see such images? Firstly, one reason why war should be portrayed in this method is because the public needs to know. The photographs that are taken provide information about the conflicts. A member of the public who is in support for his or her country may want the photo that illustrates victorious and the joyous moments, a family member of a soldier at war might want to observe where and in what conditions the soldier is in. generally, human beings are curious. They always want to know. The press takes advantage of this curiosity and publishes the images in newspapers and magazines. A photographer's duty is to describe his surroundings by using his camera; it is up to the viewer to judge the rights and wrongs. A photographer cannot be held responsible if an image is

  • Word count: 1046
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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War With Iraq.

Ben Ball October 15, 2002 Iraq Essay War With Iraq . Detail the life of the present leader of Iraq. Saddam Hussein was born in 1937 near the town of Takrit in a small village northwest of Baghdad called al-Auja. He spent his early childhood living in a mud hut, which was really common for that time. His father either died or abandoned his family shortly after Saddam was born. He was raised by his mother, Subha, in a Sunni Muslim part of Iraq. Subha later married Ibrahim Hassan, a man with a brutal personality who worked as a sheepherder as well as a thief. Ibrahim Hassan abused young Saddam and sent him to steal chicken and sheep. At the age of 10, Saddam Hussein moved to his uncle's house in Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. There, he was tutored by Khayrallah, who had been exiled from the Iraqi army for supporting a coup attempt. Khayrallah was bitter about imperialism and the British, and his feelings were not lost on the young, impressionable Saddam. Saddam's high school grades were not enough to admit him to the Baghdad Military Academy, so he immersed himself in political life. In 1956, at the age of 19, Saddam was part of an unsuccessful coup attempt against the Iraqi king, King Faisal II. The next year, Saddam joined the radical, nationalist Ba'th party. In 1958 another group succeeded in overthrowing the King. General Abdul Qassim became the new leader of

  • Word count: 1781
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Why was there an economic boom in the 1920s?

Why was there an economic boom in the 1920s? There was an economic boom in the 1920s for 5 main reasons. Firstly the growing strength of American Industry meant that the USA was a leading producer of many raw materials. This was partly due to the second main cause of the boom, which was World War 1. This had helped the American Industry to grow, as during World War 1 new markets had opened up to America. Also, after World War 1, America took over as a leading producer as many European industries had suffered greatly because of the war. Government policies meant that businesses could thrive without government interference. World War 1 led to new markets being opened to America. This resulted in America developing new industries and new industrial ideas. These new industries meant that Americans believed that America was the most powerful country in the world. Americans therefore bought consumer goods because it was a sign of America's prosperity. This led to more and more things being bought which aided the economic boom. The growing strength of American industry was a big factor in the economic boom. In the twenties, industry took a very big step. It nearly doubled. It was partly due to the fact that the USA was rich in natural resources such as oil, coal and iron, which it could sell to European countries. America's capacity to produce coal and iron was constantly growing.

  • Word count: 1725
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Why was there détente in the 1970s?

Why was there détente in the 1970s? The period from the Second World War to the mid 1970's was one of great hostility and tension between the U.S and Russia. Both had emerged from World War II as superpowers. It was during this timeframe, that the frightening prospect of nuclear war became closer and closer. Nuclear war would mean the end to mankind, so the need for a détente became necessary. Détente is a French word that was used during the Cold War meaning 'the easing or relaxing of tensions between nations.' The reasons for a détente were not only nuclear related. Russia was in severe economic crisis and was facing isolation from the non-communist world and public opinion in America believed that the Cold War was 'unjustifiable both economically and morally.' After the Second World War, the world had entered into a dangerous period where complete destruction could occur at any time. Nuclear weapons had been developed as a threat to enemies. The tension that was created between the U.S and Russia led to the massive 'arms race.' The possibility of full scale nuclear was one of the main reasons that forced the U.S and Russia to agree to a détente. From 1945 till 1957, the U.S had significantly more advanced nuclear weapons than Russia. However Russia had massive ground forces to even up the 'balance of power.' The period from 1957 till 1962 saw the 'missile gap,'

  • Word count: 1154
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Why were the major cities of Britain bombed by the Germans in 1940-1?

Why were the major cities of Britain bombed by the Germans in 1940-1? Coventry was bombed it played a pivotal role in World War Two, as a munitions centre and target for German air raids. The city's character, architecture and population remain forever entwined with war events. In World War One, Coventry became established as a centre for the motor industry, a business which boomed with the war's reliance on transport. By the time war broke out again in 1939, many new factories had been built in and around the city, and a large number of local people were employed in the motor industry; during World War Two these factories built cars, engines, armaments and aeroplanes, all of which contributed to the war effort. This industrial activity made it an obvious target for German air raids; on 14 November 1940, 500 German bombers dropped 500 tons of explosives and nearly 900 incendiary bombs on Coventry in just ten hours. The city was almost destroyed and the bombs claimed many lives. Manchester had its own Blitz, which cost many lives and transformed the city's skyline. Manchester was also a centre of the armaments industry, and wartime lessons would give the city a head start in the new field of computing. Between July 1940 and June 1941, the Manchester area suffered repeated and widespread bombing: on one night in 1941, bombs fell on Charlton, Hulme, Stretford, Salford and

  • Word count: 907
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Why were the major cities of Britain bombed by the Germans in 1940-1941?

Q1. Why were the major cities of Britain bombed by the Germans in 1940-1941? A1.The heavy and frequent bombing carried out across Britain in 1940-1941 was nicknamed by the British press The Blitz or Blitzkrieg. This was the German word for 'lightning war'. The Blitz was an infamous event which caused great devastation across Britain. Why did it happen? Why did they go to war? As you read on I will answer all these questions and show you an insight in to the events which took place in the war. However the major cites of Britain would not have been bombed if Britain was not at war with Germany. If the First World War claimed to be 'the war to end all wars' why did the Second World War start? The main reason the Second World War started was the effects of World War One promoted a chain reaction which lead to World War Two. The Treaty of Versailles signed at the end of World War One did not draw up fair borders and enabled Germany to be guarded by Europe constantly which frustrated the Germans. Hyperinflation in 1923 gave the opportunity for the US to create big business which made the Wall Street crash of 1929 hit Germany the hardest. The huge reparations forced on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles had to be paid, so Germany borrowed £6,600 million from the USA. Consequently when the Wall Street Crash hit America they called in all the loans to Germany, leaving them with

  • Word count: 1620
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Why Were the Major Cities of Britain Bombed by the Germans in 1940-41?

Why Were the Major Cities of Britain Bombed by the Germans in 1940-41? After the fall of France in June 1940, the Germans were barely 40 miles from British soil. Operation Sealion began in July that year, and by September was called off. It was then that midnight raids began on London and similar cities of importance. The Blitz. Now that Sealion had been postponed indefinitely, the main reason for the raids was to throw a spanner in the works of the British war machine. However, the British war machine consisted of several key parts. According the memoirs of German Field-Marshall Kesselring, primary objectives were "the disturbance of production and incoming supplies", meaning that industrial sectors were targeted as well as transport links such as railway bridges and lines. If successful, these accomplishments would result in drastically slowed production of armaments and munitions, e.g. planes. This would lead to a crippled RAF, and the Luftwaffe could control the skies. German controlled skies would mean disaster for the Allies, because should the RAF be eliminated, the British navy would lack aerial support. Cargo ships carrying vital materials and resources such as oil and food would be sitting ducks for the notorious Messerschmitts and Focke Wulfs. In addition to Allied ships being vulnerable, German troops invading by sea would be unstoppable from the air. Radar

  • Word count: 505
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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