ECOSYSTEMIC PSYCHOLOGY

ECOSYSTEMIC PSYCHOLOGY Critically compare the epistemologies governing the first-and second-order cybernetic approaches in terms of the following: . How is reality seen by each specific approach? 2. What does the diagnostic systems of each specific approach look like? 3. How does each specific approach deal with therapy? 4. What are the specific skills required by each approach? 5. How is the role and function of the therapist in each specific approach? 6. What would research look like from the point of view of each specific approach? 7. What critical ethical concerns could be raised about each specific perspective? 8. Integrating first-and second-order cybernetic approaches. Table of Contents Winnies the Pooh on good enough multiverses 3 Introducing "epistobabble" 3 . How is reality seen by each specific approach? 3 2. What does the diagnostic systems of each specific approach look like? 5 3. How does each specific approach deal with therapy? 6 4. What are the specific skills required by each approach? 7 5. How is the role and function of the therapist in each specific approach? 9 6. What would research look like from the point of view of each specific approach? 10 7. What critical ethical concerns could be raised about each specific perspective? 11 8. Integrating first-and second-order cybernetic approaches. 13 Conclusion 14 Winnies the Pooh on good

  • Word count: 7908
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

Describe the condition of Britain's railways and suggest how they might be improved

Describe the condition of Britain's railways and suggest how they might be improved They have been likened to the third world. Millions have ridiculed them. Yet the government still fails to recognise a way in which it can improve them. They are Britain's railways. In the 21st century one would expect that such a simple and mature system should be operating almost perfectly without delays and cancellations. But Britain surprisingly has one of the worst rail networks in the world beaten even by Croatia and third world countries. The current Labour government can no longer lay the blame on the Tories and yet continue to do so ensuring that they try to take as little responsibility as possible. Commuters are increasingly late for work and some do not make it there at all and at the moment there does not seem to be a long-term plan to resolve the crisis. The rail network is facing staff problems with employees going on strike because they are not paid enough. The journey from my home in Milton Keynes to London (which takes as little as 35 minutes on the train at times) would cost an adult around twenty pounds off peak. With the trains often busy, it is therefore impossible to comprehend why the staff is not paid well. Rail companies need to understand that should they increase an employee's wage, they would not face as many strikes and driver delays. There is no simple

  • Word count: 595
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

Threats to Organisations and Systems. Describe the countermeasures available to an organisation that will reduce the risk of damage to information.

Section A - Task 1 and 2 Three types of threats to organisations Loss of revenue Natural disasters are a threat which most businesses face. This can happen at the spur of the moment, anywhere and anytime. Floods, earthquakes Loss of reputation Loss of reputation is one major threat that faces every company. A good business reputation is essential if a company or organisation is to do well and become a success. If a company losses reputation this may detract people such as users and business clients. Industrial Espionage This is when another company tries to look and steal at what other companies are doing , this is also know as competitive intelligence. This is usually done by someone applying for a rival company and then using their position there to give their company information about their rivals. This information can then be used for other companies gain such as stealing ideas. Task 2 - Impact on Teign & Tow because of industrial Espionage Other companies may want to get access to Teign & Tows data for things like future products they are planning on. Since Teign & Tow create and produce their own products which some of them are patented or patent pending. If rival companies were to get a hold of data from Teign & Tow about future products they may go about to make a similar product to rival theirs, this could cause a loss in revenue for Teign & Tow Ltd.

  • Word count: 3021
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

Explain the function of the system unit components and how they communicate

Explain the function of the system unit components and how they communicate Central Processing Unit This is as important for the computer as it is the brain for a human being. This is the unit that processes the tasks that programs require. It gets all the information from the system bus. After the data has been processed, it sends it back to the main memory. This device is also in charge of other major components. Input Devices There are many input devices. I have used a picture of a keyboard and a mouse as an example, but there are many more, such as : Joysticks, Microphone, etc. All these are called input devices because they input data into the pc. Output Devices An output device is an device that is basically used to transmit data to the outside world so we can receive the information and use it accordingly. Memory This one is a bit different from the others. Mainly because there are two common types of memory. For example, there are hard drives. This is a component that allows any kind of data to be stored in a PC, from .dll files to pictures, for an amount of time. It can also be called Information Retention. The other type is RAM, or Random Access Memory. This is mainly used by storing files that can be processed by the CPU. Backing Storage Backing storage is a device that can store data for portable use, connecting by USB or FireWire. It can also be called

  • Word count: 632
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

What is communication?

What is communication? Communication is sending a massage and ensuring that it has been received. The sender has a message that he wants people to know about. This might be: > Information i.e. facts that sender wants the receiver too no > An attitude e.g. "I do not approve of that." > An emotion e.g. "I am very happy." The media is the way in which the message is sent. The receiver is the person or people the message is intended for. The receiver can want to receive the message, be indifferent to it or be hostile to it. The receiver lets the sender know the message has been received and how it has been received. This is called feedback. If the receiver is satisfied with the feedback the message ends. If the sender is not satisfied with feedback then the message is likely to be repeated - perhaps in a different way. methods of communication Written - the use of the written work and numbers in memos, reports, the agenda and minutes of meetings, letters telex and fax. Oral - use of the spoken work in conversation, giving instructions, meetings, tape recorders, radio, tannoy systems, telephone. Visual - posters, advertisements, charts graphs, computer graphics, and television. Electronic - radio, television, cassette recorders, telex, fax and computer networks Non-verbal - facial expression, use of the body Written communication Written communication can use

  • Word count: 567
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

Role of different departments at Bedrooms4U, personnel involved. Main processes carried out by Bedrooms4U,inputs, the processing and calculations, and the outputs involved.

Department/ section Purpose of each department Key personnel in each department Key personnel's roles Finance and Administration Responsible of: Accounts - Accounts staff keep records of all financial transactions. Human resources (HR) - HR staff carry out a range of activities relating to staff requirements, welfare and training. General Administration - day-to-day tasks carried out in the office, such as dealing with correspondence and ordering office supplies. The Finance and Admin Director manages : Chief accountant HR Manager Admin Manager Responsible for 'Accounts': Chief accountant Responsible for 'Human resources': HR Manager Responsible for 'General Admin': Admin Manager Sale and Marketing Responsibility of: Marketing- marketing staff have to advertise the company, produce glossy brochures and hire photographer. Order and processing- to produce confirmation purchase orders for goods and services including those for contractors. The Sale and Marketing Director manages: Marketing Manager Order processing Clerk Branch Manager Responsible for 'Marketing': Marketing Manager Responsible for 'Order processing': Order processing Clerk Responsible for 'Managing': Branch Manager Operating Responsibility of: (day to day orders) Production- Distribution- Warehouse- ICT-staff of ICT allow a LAN The Operation Director manages:

  • Word count: 2588
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

Online shopping. Online shopping is a great way for providers to promote their items internationally. Its very easily accessed to anyone around the world.

Online shopping is a process where you can buy or sell items online via the internet. There are many advantages of shopping online some include, there is a lot more choice for example if there is an item you want a lot more shops online sell the same or similar items so you have more to choose from. There is also a wider range of items and people from all around the world can sell their items online because the internet is open to anyone with internet access around the world. The biggest disadvantage of online shopping is the security; so many frauds have happened with online shopping more and more people are having trust issues with using the online shopping. Although it is very convenient for people who are less able to get out of the house they have access to the world wide shops right at their finger tips. Online shopping is a great way for providers to promote their items internationally. Its very easily accessed to anyone around the world. There is a lot more advantages for shopping online, it's a lot more convenient to some people for example not everyone has enough time to go out shopping. It has 24 hour service so people who work nights that aren't able to go shopping then they are able to do online shopping at any time of the day or night. Also less able people who aren't able to get out very much, it gives them some sort of freedom because they can do anything

  • Ranking:
  • Word count: 571
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

Explain the role of web architecture in website communications

M1 explain the role of web architecture in website communications On the internet, there are many websites which let you share information with other users. This is where web 2.0 comes in. While many people may think that web 2.0 is a newer version of the World Wide Web, It is actually just a change in the way that developers use the web. Web 2.0 refers to design that is made to help interactivity, information sharing and communication. It includes web communities such as social network sites like facebook, video/photo sharing websites and blogs and wikis. There are many factors which all successful web 2.0 websites share. These include, being easy and fun to use, being affordable, they have a clear purpose and people can add and edit their own information. Blog A web page that presents short journal entries in chronological order, newest first, is typically referred to as a "blog" or "weblog." Most blogs emphasize links to other pages and sites, and most entries are short commentaries or even simple one-sentence links to an interesting page somewhere else. Many blogs are concerned with current news events and often provide unabashedly partisan commentary. "Blogging," of course, is the act of writing a blog; those who write blogs are sometimes referred to as "bloggers." Cloud Computing Cloud computing is Internet- based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and

  • Ranking:
  • Word count: 729
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

IT Security Threats to Users and Businesses.

Threats Unauthorised access: Internal & External There are many internal and external threats when using a system, because not everyone using the system is reliable and may choose to mess around with it and change things. E.g. the types of external threats are things like virus attacks hacking and data theft. And the types of internal threats are things like magic disks and key logging to damage your operating system from use within your system. Access causing damage to data or jamming resources e.g viruses People can access software and cause a lot of damage if they are harmful. This is gaining unauthorised access, and by doing this they can damage the data and jam resources to stop people using them, this is ristricting the user from using the software. This may go unnoticed by the user as they wont know what has been changed, even so its still an impact on the system. Accessing systems or data without damage; e.g phishing, identity theft, piggybacking, hacking Some of the threats can go unnoticed because of the way people choose to threaten your system, examples of these could be phishing were the purpose of this is to try and lure you into giving away information like contact details away. This can be done in many ways which are evolving all the time as its a recent threat that try's to get unauthorised access. A way in which phishing can be done is that an

  • Word count: 1950
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay

In this document I will begin to explain why I have included the following features in my Exam Spreadsheet. The context is a system which you can order a window for your house or business.

In this document I will begin to explain why I have included the following features in my Exam Spreadsheet. The context is a system which you can order a window for your house or business. Spinners - I have used spinners in the sheet 'Find area' in cell D5, as it reduces what the user has to input. This reduces the likelihood of input errors. Its large and intuitive style made it easy for the user to alter data easily, meaning users don't get confused about what to input in. Also, as the spinner is linked with cell B5, the most ignorant users will not input letters into this field. Multiplication - I used the multiplication function in the sheet 'Find area' in cell E6. It will produce a more accurate calculation than a human would perform, and will automatically recalculate the area if the dimensions change. This saves time for the user as they don't have to repeatedly recalculate the dimensions. It makes it much easier to analyse different prices when you alter dimensions with spinners, whilst if you have to perform calculations your self, you wouldn't have a vague idea what your window will cost until you calculate it each time your self. Macro - I made four macros in the page 'Find area'. There function is to perform a recorded set of keystrokes and to repeat these when initiated by the end user. One purpose of using a Macro in my first sheet is to intuitively navigate

  • Word count: 927
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: ICT
Access this essay