Media Studies assignment 3
Media Studies assignment 3 Introduction Local radio is a radio station in a particular part of the country that broadcasts to that particular area. This means that if you were based somewhere in the south west, then you would only be able to broadcast within a couple of kilometres of your destination. Local radio is useful in many ways because you can use lots of local needs and broadcast them on the radio. For example you can broadcast local news etc. whereas national radio is different; this broadcasts radio to the whole country. That means that national radio is much more constricted in the subjects it puts on air. Local radio is often commercial, for example 'Orchard FM' and 'Ivel Fm' although there is local radio stations which are non-commercial like 'BBC Somerset Sound'. Commercial radio is funded by advertisements and commercials whereas BBC radio is funded by government funding, TV licences and BBC merchandise and does not contain adverts or commercials because it doesn't need any. Local Radio stations in the South Two different local radio stations would be Orchard FM and BBC Somerset Sound. These differ because BBC Somerset Sound is run by the BBC which is funded by the government. Orchard FM is run by GWR, Great Western Radio, this is funded by commercials. Orchard Fm has a target audience of young to older people, really this radio station has a vast
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the BBC?
Q1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the BBC? a) Producing its own programes (as opposed to commissioning others to make programes for it). b) Competing for rating s with other television channels (as opposed to being a public service broadcaster). b) Being a global player (as opposed to being a UK provider). Traditionally public service broadcasting has conjured up a set of ideological and often political stereotypes, born in the main from an overall demeanour of middle class, institutionalized beliefs and practices. Post 1946, when television broadcasting resumed, the BBC's popularity was at its height, largely because of its part in the nations efforts during the Second World War, and there exists today, even for those born many years after the war, a resonance passed down through folk-memories, i.e. Winston Churchill's instantly recognizable speeches, broadcast by the BBC. Now, in the 21st century, BBC is having to redefine itself to both the public and politicians. ITV's too shares many of the current crisis' in broadcasting, predictably issues surrounding funding/revenue and it is also having to reassess its position in terms of self perception and audience perception. Now, I will I will explain the advantages and disadvantages for these choices, First if BBC should be a maker of programmes or a commissioner of programmers? Second, if it have to
Owners of Newspapers & radio stations
Owners Of Newspapers & Radio Stations Who owns the national daily newspapers? UK national newspapers Title Type Owner Sales (March 05) Sun popular tabloid News International Newspapers Ltd 3, 273,116 Daily Mail midmarket, tabloid Associated Newspapers (DGMT) 2,426,533 Daily Mirror popular tabloid Trinity Mirror plc ,719,743 Daily Star popular tabloid Express Newspapers Ltd (Northern & Shell) 854,480 Daily Express midmarket, tabloid Express Newspapers Ltd (Northern & Shell) 948,375 The Daily Telegraph quality broadsheet Telegraph Group Ltd 907,329 The Times quality compact News International Newspapers Ltd 679,190 The Financial Times** quality broadsheet Financial Times Ltd (Pearson) 419,386 The Guardian quality Berliner Guardian Newspapers Ltd 366,645 Independent quality compact Independent Print Ltd 263,595 Who owns the Sunday newspapers? UK Sunday newspapers News of the World popular tabloid News International Newspapers Ltd 3,649,466 The Mail on Sunday Associated Newspapers Associated Newspapers Ltd) 2,374,856 Sunday Mirror popular tabloid Trinity Mirror plc ,534,736 The Sunday Times quality broadsheet News International Newspapers Ltd ,400,873 The People popular tabloid Trinity Mirror plc ,007,140 Sunday Express popular tabloid Express Newspapers ,007,095 The Sunday Telegraph quality
To what extent was the BBC in the 1920s the personal creation of John Reith?
To what extent was the BBC in the 1920s the personal creation of John Reith? John Reith was the first general manager of the BBC between 1922-1927, and its director general between 1927-1938. In 'Power Without Responsibility' Curran and Seaton interpret that Reith played a large part in shaping the BBC in the 1920s. They argue that if Reith had not been appointed the BBC's general manager "many of the features of broadcasting which are taken for granted today would certainly be absent."1 They also argue that "Reith's domination of the Corporation in its early days was massive, totalitarian, and idiosyncratic, and for many decades the traditions of the BBC seemed to flow directly from his personality."2 However, Williams states in "Get Me A Murder A Day" that such interpretations are flawed, as to "see the BBC and the form of broadcasting established in Britain between the wars as the product of one man is to misinterpret the nature of the times. Broadcasting was shaped as much, if not more, by social, political and cultural factors of the period."3 I believe that social and political factors were the dominant force in shaping broadcasting and the BBC in the 1920s, although Reith's influence cannot be ignored. John Reith can be seen as enormously influential on the early development of the BBC. This was mainly through his shaping of the course of programming, transforming
How far do you agree that the emergence of television as a mass medium of communication was the key turning point improving leisure opportunities for ordinary people in the twentieth century?
How far do you agree that the emergence of television as a mass medium of communication was the key turning point improving leisure opportunities for ordinary people in the twentieth century? In terms of leisure opportunities, the twentieth century has seen a vast explosion of activities. Although the emergence of TV is a relatively important factor in improving leisure opportunities, it is actually only one of many developments and changes that took place to improve leisure opportunities throughout the twentieth century. Moreover the improvement was not just the result of developments in communication but also economic, political and social changes which are all interconnected. Just before the turn of the twentieth century, a survey by Rowntree showed that most ordinary women spent their time doing chores such as cooking, cleaning, washing etc and her leisure activities usually involved visiting family on the Sabbath. The ordinary man would go out for five, maybe six days a week working excessively long hours and have time only for about two or three leisure activities such as drinking or watching a football match. However at the turn of the twenty first century things are quite different with women and men both going out to work with relatively more leisure time and a bigger range of activities to pursue such as cinema, radio, TV, personal computers, nightclubs, theme
To what extent was the political independence of the BBC threatened by the Conservative governments of the 1980's?
To what extent was the political independence of the BBC threatened by the Conservative governments of the 1980's? There is a lot of evidence to suggest that the political independence of the BBC was threatened by conservative governments. The conservative governments were always going to dislike the BBC because they hold ideological views to the center-right and as such did not like a state run medium with such influence popularity. Also the idea that people were made to pay a license fee even though they did not necessarily watch the BBC was another reason, however ostensive, the government disliked the BBC. To this end Thatcher and her government, elected in 1979, tried to partially privatise the BBC with the Peacock inquiry which was meant to find that advertising was necessary to the BBC and thus the license fee would become less important and perhaps phased out. Unfortunately for Mrs. Thatcher the inquiry found that the BBC did not need advertising. In response to this and other incidents the government placed the license fee on inflation meaning at he very least the BBC could not expand but with a reality of injuring the organization which had had 'costs out of control' since 1982 to the tune of £15 million. The BBC was controlled by the funding it had from the public, in turn controlled by the government who did not like its programming and opposed it ideologically
History of the BBC.
History of the BBC The British Broadcasting Company was set up by a group of executives from radio manufacturers in December 1922. John Reith became general manager of the organization. In 1927 the government decided to establish the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) as a broadcasting monopoly operated by a board of governors and director general. The BBC was funded by a licence fee at a rate set by parliament. The fee was paid by all owners of radio sets. The BBC therefore became the world's first public-service broadcasting organization. Unlike in the United States, advertising on radio was banned. John Reith was appointed director-general of the BBC. Reith had a mission to educate and improve the audience and under his leadership the BBC developed a reputation for serious programmes. Reith also insisted that all radio announcers wore dinner jackets while they were on the air. In the 1930s the BBC began to introduce more sport and light entertainment on the radio. The BBC began the world's first regular television service in 1936. This service was halted during the Second World War and all BBC's efforts were concentrated on radio broadcasting. In 1940 John Reith was appointed as Minister of Information Writers such as J. B. Priestley, George Orwell, T. S. Eliot, William Empson, and Charlotte Haldane were recruited by the BBC and radio was used for internal and
The Marketing Mix.
The Marketing Mix The Marketing Mix is made up from the four P's: Product- what the customers want to buy or a service that a company provides for the customer. Price- must be one that the customer thinks is good value for money. Also it must be the right price to attract the target segment and to incur sales revenue. Promotion- this is to make potential customers aware of the products existence. Place- this must be positioned conveniently for the target audience to be able to receive the broadcast. If I get the four P's correct then I will hopefully be successful and it will be easier for me to attract customers to listen to my radio station. The Product For any products or service to succeed the product or service should appeal to the customers or consumers. There are various stages that need to be looked at before a product or service can be launched into the market. The stages can be found in the product life cycle. The stages are development, launch, growth, maturity, saturation, decline and withdrawal. Each product or service goes through these stages-but each product or service is individual and they have a unique product life cycle. Within my radio station there are many life cycles, for example the life cycle of the DJ's and even the music. My radio station will provide a service and hopefully it will attract a lot of people to listen to it. The main
War Of The Worlds
War Of The Worlds War of the worlds was a radio drama anthology series performed and written by a theatre group called Mercury Theatre. Mercury Theatre was a theatre company founded in New York City by Orson Welles and John Houseman. The war of the worlds was the first broadcasting radio that caused chaos and havoc though out the country. The war of the worlds was broadcasted on CBS for the first hour it was broadcasted as a news bulletin saying that there was a Martian invasion and killing people. The Ghost Train The British play written in 1923 by Arnold Ridley was a BBC radio drama. The Ghost on the train was about group passengers who are stranded in an isolated station. I am legend A population destroyed by a man made virus leaving Neville as the last human survivor in the city and possibly the world. Everyday Neville the protagonist of the story is watched by mutant infected victims turned to blood sucking vampires from the plague. Neville's life for months after the plague as only been to survive by fixing his boarded home with garlic necklaces, wooden stakes and prays for sunlight. The last remaining human is outnumbered by the infected he tries to find a cure. The War Of The Worlds (Independently Produced) The war of the worlds was broadcasted on October 30th 1938 as a special Halloween drama but no one knew. The first half hour of the drama was set as if