Report consisting of local, regional and national teams in football and rugby league.
My report will consist of local, regional and national teams in football and rugby league. Local football My local, regional and national football team is Tranmere Rovers FC; they currently have 26 members of their first team, which is managed by Ronnie Moore. They play in the Coca-Cola Football League One, which is basically the 2nd division excluding the premiership. In 1999, the sports market was valued at around £4.17 billion, an increase of 4.9 per cent on the 1998 value. This means that football on its own makes nearly a quarter of the sports market now. The most successful avenue has been in the form of replica clothing and football shirts. This particular commercialisation of sports increases revenue for teams and is one of the major sources of income. A perfect example of this would be when Real Madrid bought David Beckham from Manchester United for £20 million plus. This was a very high transfer price but Real Madrid were very clever because they knew that they would earn millions of pounds from replica kits bought because they had Beckham playing for them. Most premiership clubs now have superstores attached to their grounds where supporters can buy merchandise. Clubs can also expand their retail business to other countries, the top teams in the world have stores in Asia where football is very popular, even more so when they have Asian players in
Who is the Governing Body of Netball in England?
National Governing Body for Netball: Who is the Governing Body of Netball in England? England Netball is the National Governing Body and is responsible for all aspects of Netball in England. The Head Office, situated in Hitchin, Hertfordshire deals with the day to day administration of the Association through its full and part time employees. In addition, various aspects of the work are dealt with by a network of full and part time people working for the Association in the Counties and Regions, carrying out specific roles to ensure continued growth and development of the sport. The differing needs of each area of work of the Association is headed up by the appropriate committees - these include Technical Committees such as Coaching and Umpiring, as well as committees to deal with Events, a Schools Committee and a Regional Chairpersons Committee. The Board of Directors is responsible for implementing policy and is made up from the Chairpersons of each of the Committees, as well as its Chairman, Vice Chairman and Treasurer elected annually by the Members at the AGM of England Netball. All England Netball Committee Members work on a voluntary basis. Since All England Netball Association is a Limited Company, the Board of Directors are the Directors of the Association. The Country is divided into 10 geographical Regions with each Region sub-divided into 57 Counties and 3
Key changes in the nature of sport.
Task 7 Key changes in the nature of sport: In the middle of the nineteenth century the word 'sport' was recognised as field events such as hunting, shooting, or fishing with the upper-class/military purposes.. "But from the 1950's onwards walking clubs were set up by a variety of organisations"-Manchester YMCA. The organisation of sport has changed in a huge way. Our world has always been affected by patterns of social inequality in the past. Gender, Class, and Race are the highlights of the key changes that have developed through out our history. And did you have black women/men enjoying a game of football with a white upper-class?; unfortunately this was how society was portrayed Once upon a time gender wasn't a subject, sport was for white men, it was a 'male' thing and women were in the kitchen and expected to respect their feminine image. But women's rights came about and from that day opportunities for women have developed. Women play sport and they are winning medals all over the world and are recognised for their talent just as much as men, but still are limited of there equality to males playing sport e.g. a male who win Wimbledon is rewarded more than a female who win's in the same event. What about football?! this is a phenomenal example of how men are recognised a lot more for sport than women, even though more opportunities for women have developed women
What are the Physiological differences between male and female athletes
What are the Physiological differences between male and female athletes? Gender in Sport Male and Female differences Cardio-Respiratory endurance is made up of the following components: * Heart * Lungs * Blood Vessels * Skeletal Muscle These components allow the exchange of gases in the lungs, transport gases to bodily organs and exchange gases at the muscles. The greater the bodies' capacity to perform these functions, the greater is cardio respiratory endurance. There is evidence that there is a gender difference in pulmonary function. Women have a smaller lung volume and smaller pulmonary capillary volume. Therefore overall they have lower maximal pulmonary ventilation. Women have: * Smaller hearts * Lower Filling Volume * Lower SV * Lower Q * Lower Hb * Lower total blood volume Therefore they have a definite disadvantage for transporting oxygen to skeletal muscles during exercise. The fact that women have a lower cardiovascular capacity than men does not mean that they are less able to adapt to endurance training. Research shows that males and females adapt on similar levels. Skeletal Muscle Structure and function There is limited data that compares the muscle fibre types of males and females. The only data that is available is of elite athletes. Research has shown that women tend to have a smaller amount of slow twitch fibers in the gastrocnemius
Education in sport
Education in sport The development of modern sport as a global entity have been inextricably linked to the concept of education. Modern sport originated in educational institutes primarily in Britain during the mid-to-late nineteenth century, and was exported worldwide as an integral part of that educational system. Within these institutions, sport was originally seen as a device for building and demonstrating 'character', a rather vague term that is still used as a justification for its inclusion as an important extracurricular activity in schools and colleges today. As this review will show, sport in schools have been credited with teaching values of sportsmanship and fair play to participants, increasing athletes' educational aspirations, developing a sense of community and group cohesion among student, helping to reduce dropout rates, and giving poor and minority youth access to higher education. However the educational 'effect' of sport has not been confined to educational institutes. It has been used to justify participation of all levels of society from community youth leagues to professional clubs. To this day, sport maintains a moral component, and individual participation in it is seen as worthwhile, an uplifting experience. Even professional athletes carry the moral baggage of sport genesis. They are supposed to be role models for youth, and their behaviour is
National governing bodies of sport.
Adam Clarke National Governing Bodies of Sport Most national governing bodies for sports were created in the late 19th century. When they were set up they had several roles, on of the first rationalisation of rules. At the time, most sports had localised rules and so the game varied in different parts of the country, making it hard to arrange fixtures. The national governing bodies were established to create standardised rules that all teams and schools would use, this centralised the games and allowed for any team to play anywhere. The organisations were given more roles as they gained power and today these include promotion and development of the sport, encouraging participation at all levels, changing and enforcing rules, organising competitions and leagues, selection for national teams, developing facilities and communicating with other bodies for the sport, including international. Most of the national bodies were originally established from the Oxbridge 'melting pot', were many important sports men and women worked and studied. At first the associations looked upon the games as middle-class, gentlemanly recreations that were played in spare time. However, this changed as sports became more professional and so the governing bodies adapted. Many of the national bodies are part of the Central Council for Physical Recreation (CCPR), which advises all the governing bodies
Winning Is Everything.
Expository Essay Winning Is Everything "Nobody remembers who came second," one of the many quotes indicating how important sporting success can be. I think, without a doubt, that the final score is more important than the performance. In this essay I am going to back this up with sufficient evidence and hopefully convince any reader that previously believed otherwise. Some argue that the media and public reaction can equal the importance of the final result. If a team or individual is consistently winning, then its style has to have its good aspects. There is only so much luck a set of individuals can have. Another aspect to consider is the supporter satisfaction, and value for money - as they are the people who keep a football club alive. Although supporters may originally prefer stylish football to a scrappy win, success is what drives football supporters in the long term. It is what gives them the chance to boast to their work mates. The hope of success over the next ninety minutes is what draws supporters from their cosy homes into stadiums every Saturday. This is backed up with a simple example. Over the last couple of years Dundee FC have been entertaining their supporters with high quality football. Their manager Ivano Bonetti has imported many players from around Europe and South America, in an attempt to create a cosmopolitan, attacking outfit. On the other
Ethics and Values : Case Studies
Ethics & Values: Task Two I have recently been appointed as the assistant club development officer within the Telford and Wrekin Sport and Leisure department. My intention is to improve the general running of sports clubs within the local area, and give as much quality guidance as is possible. I have come to the conclusion that ethics and values play a key role in sport, and are often overlooked in many circumstances. In response to this conclusion, I intend to provide a document, displaying information and guidance on the correct ethics and values that should be applied in a sporting environment. Within this document I will provide examples of different sporting situations, and show how they can be dealt with effectively by applying basic ethics and values. Within the sporting world, there are many factors that can cause issues regarding the correct ethical responses of coaches, organisations and participants. I will include three case studies as examples, including different factors that may affect the way people are treated in sporting situations. Different scenarios could be due to disability, gender, race, age, or culture. My first case study is as follows:- Case study 1 o "Nicola is in her third year at senior school. She has her subject options coming soon. She decides that she would like to take Physical Education, and would like to get more involved in the
Questions were firstly structured to get the basic information about the responders like name, year of birth, sports played and the hours spent playing and training. The questions then diverged into more deep
Methodology In order to undertake my research I conducted a survey of 20 girls in year 11 with birth dates in 1988 or 1989. The girls were selected at random with the only criteria been they were female. After much consideration I decided on a 20-question survey. The main reason was if the survey were to long it would be to time consuming to complete. The survey contained sixteen strictly quantitative data questions and four qualitative questions. This was done to ensure that participants had the opportunity to explain their answers and also to elaborate. Questions were firstly structured to get the basic information about the responders like name, year of birth, sports played and the hours spent playing and training. The questions then diverged into more deep questions involving what influenced their choices and restrictions on their choices. Finally the survey allowed responders the opportunity to add any other recommendations, advice, thoughts or ideas relating to the topic. The problems involving my methodology included aspects such as responder involvement. In other words how seriously the girls took the survey. Hopefully it will be treated with importance and show answers involving this. The qualitative questions also posed a problem they were possibly to time consuming and also responders may not feel comfortable giving out such personal information to a fellow
Success depends on group cohesion, discuss.
Success depends on group cohesion, discuss. Starting with the basics, an efficient and effective sports team is a collection of two or more athletes who have a common identity, set of goals, objectives and fate. Its members show structured patterns of interaction and styles of communicating. They view the structure of the team in the same ways. There is a mutual reliance upon one another to be connected personally and perform their skills. In other words, the team is a source of mutual benefit for the members. The athletes of a team need to be attracted to each other and think of themselves as a part of a "we" that differentiates them from "they." The definition of cohesion -- `a dynamic process that is reflected in the tendency of a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives and/or for the satisfaction of member affective needs' (Carron et al., 1998, p. 213) Group cohesion is a set of forces acting on members of a group, this tends to keep them within the group. Involves resistance to group disruption, commitment to group goals and individual responsibility for the achievement of goals. Factors in developing a team concept and cohesiveness Situational Factors. Players in Close Proximity to each other will tend to bond together. Team changing rooms, residences, and shared means of transportation increase interaction. A team