Define the following terms: holophytic, holozoic, antagonistic muscles, anaerobic respiration, independent segregation (as in meiosis), natural selection, industrial melanism, osmosis, active transport.

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Suhail Rashid L6G

3. Define the following terms: holophytic, holozoic, antagonistic muscles, anaerobic respiration, independent segregation (as in meiosis), natural selection, industrial melanism, osmosis, active transport.

Holozoic

Holozoic is a type of nutrition which concerns humans and other mammals. Food is taken into the digestion system and broken down, and the useful products absorbed. There is a great variety of feeding mechanisms among holozoic animals. Methods of feeding have been classified on the relative size of food particles ingested.  See the table below for classification:

So it basically means, feeding like an animal, taking organic matter in and digesting it into a form suitable for absorption, e.g. human nutrition.

Holophytic

Also known as autotrophic (‘self nourishing’), most plants are autotrophs hence they make their own organic nutrients (food) from an external supply of relatively simple raw materials (in organic nutrients), using energy from sunlight in photosynthesis. Autotrophs go onto make all their other requirements from the products of photosynthesis by combining them with each other and with additional inorganic nutrients.

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Holophytic or autotrophic is the form of nutrition of green plants, algae and photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria).

Antagonistic muscles

All muscles work in pairs. Whether they are striped muscle, smooth muscle or cardiac muscle makes no difference, all muscles must work in pairs. This is because they can contract and relax but cannot push or stretch themselves. Antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that work against each other. One muscle contracts (agonist, or prime mover) while the other one relaxes (antagonist) and vice versa.

When your biceps contracts it flexes (bends) the elbow joint. At the same time it also pulls ...

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