Biomechanics
Introduction
Biomechanics is the movement of the body. It is the way that we analyse the movement pattern in the body and it allows us to measure the speed and distance travels in the experiments.
In my First test I will be assessing the Distance travelled, Speed in which the action took place and Velocity. Distance is as it says distance between 1 point and another. Speed is what I’m measuring to calculate the velocity and the angle of movement. Velocity will be done similar to speed but shared by time of the action.
In the Second test I will be assessing the Distance travelled, Speed in which the action took place and Velocity. It’s basically the same barring the fact that this is the throw-in in football where the first is the action of a kick.
I will also be looking at the different type of levers that can be use in different sporting activities.
Task 1
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Table 1:- Rugby drop kick
Table 2
Table 3
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Table 1:- Rugby pass
Table 2
Table 3
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Table 1:- Rugby Tackles
Table 2
Table 3
Task 2
There are 3 types of levers they differ by the position of the pivot point and the different places where force is applied up and down wards. Where the different force and distance come into the equation.
Lever 1 is like your neck it’s the same pivot point as the level. This is the type of lever that is used in making a seesaw. ...
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Table 3
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Table 1:- Rugby Tackles
Table 2
Table 3
Task 2
There are 3 types of levers they differ by the position of the pivot point and the different places where force is applied up and down wards. Where the different force and distance come into the equation.
Lever 1 is like your neck it’s the same pivot point as the level. This is the type of lever that is used in making a seesaw. This type of lever is an equal one. It’s the only lever that the pressure on the both sides can be the same to have no movement where the other levers need to have more pressure on one side of it to have no movement.
Lever 2 is the lever that is used to lift heavy objects. This is the lever that is used to lift heavy object this is the crane. It’s also found on your foot. The way you roll off your foot makes its it this type of lever.
Lever 3 is the most commonly used lever in the human body in sporting actions. In weight lifting your pivot point would be your elbow and the forces applied would be the weight and the effort applied. The placement of the pivot point is what makes the lever system affective. The further away the pivot is from your applied force the better it is as it requires less effort, in this way it make a seesaw action. On a seesaw the centre point is the pivot point that is why it’s a fair ride the other person doesn’t have an advantage. This is why if the pivot point is away from the force down and near your force pushing up it increases its difficulty, which means you need to apply extra effort for the same effects.
In my Test I am using lever 3, as it is my elbow joint. I will be measuring the distance and then comparing them to the strength and writing it down. I hope that this test will show me that there less effort needed the further away the weight is from the pivot point.
Task 3
I have preformed tests on 2 subjects both doing different sporting actions. The first is a football kick from standing. In this test analysing the movement and the velocity has shown my subjects 1 angle of acceleration
In this test I have 7 pages of calculation of the movement that subject 1 did in his kicking action. All the frames are 0.12 seconds. And on the sheet 133mm distance equals 1m real size (133mm = 1m). The subject’s leg doesn’t move on the first frame it stays in the same position no angle of movement. In my first frame the velocity is 10.59ms-1 and the angle of movement is 0◦s.
There’s no change in angle movement until frames 3+4 when the angle changes to 0.01◦s. Changes again in the next frames 5+6 333.33◦s it caries on changing and increasing till frames 8+9 when it becomes the recovery stage when the angle becomes –166.67◦s as it is coming back to the starting place. And in the final frame it becomes -250◦s as it is coming back the starting point.
In my calculation my aim was to use trigonometry to calculate the distance of A when B and C are squared and then added and subtracted to equal the length of A. on Frames 1+2 B was 5mm and C was 16mm. Then I shared them by what a meter is on this sheet when the meter bar was used in the filming the actions with subject 1 and 2. In this first frames they ended up as B=0.04m and C=0.12m. Then I squared them and got the answers B=1.60m and C=0.0144m. And then added them together and got 1.16144m. After that I square rooted to get the distance of A=1.27m when I get this number I can do the calculations for the velocity which is 12.7 ∕0.12 (frame size) = 10.59ms-1.
The velocity on each frame changes unlike the angle of action. In frames 2+3 A=0.1638m so the velocity is 1.365ms-1. On frames 3+4 A=0.342m and velocity is 2.85ms-1. It carries on till it reaches the optimal velocity which is 7.614ms-1 and A=0.9137. In frames 8+9 A=0.564m and velocity which has dropped dramatically from the previous frames is now 4.703ms-1. It drops even further in the final frames 9+10 A=0.2m and velocity is a dismal 1.67ms-1. The last two frames are the recoveries faze which is why the angles of movement are a negative not a positive.
The second done by subject 2 was of a football throw-in.
In this test I have 15 pages of calculation of the movement that subject 2 did in his throw-in action. All the frames are 0.12 seconds. And on the sheet 135mm distance equals 1m real size (133mm = 1m). The subject’s arms don’t really move on the first frame it stays in the same position with only 0.0142◦s angle of movement. In my first frame the angle of movement is 0.0142◦s.
There’s no sudden change in angle movement until frames 5+6 when the angle jumps to 16.67◦s. A change again in the next frames 9+10 25◦s. It caries on changing and increasing till frames 11+12 when it jumps again to 208.33◦s and the velocity is 1ms-1. It carries on till the action is suddenly has major forward movement 458.33◦s and 2.1ms-1. The recovery stage is when the angle becomes a negative in this subject its frame 18+19 and its –1083.33◦s as it is coming back to the starting place.
In my calculation my aim was to use trigonometry to calculate the distance of A when B and C are squared and then added and then square rooted to equal the length of A. on Frames 1+2 B was 16mm and C was 5mm. Then I shared them by what a meter is on this sheet when the meter bar was used in the filming the actions with subject 1 and 2. In this first frames they ended up as B=0.1185m and C=0.0.37037m. Then I squared them and got the answers B=0.014m and C=0.0137m. And then added them together and got 0.0277m. After that I square rooted to get the distance of A=0.1664m when I get this number I can do the calculations for the velocity which is 0.1664 ∕0.12 (frame size) = 1.39ms-1.
The velocity on each frame changes unlike the angle of action. In frames 3+4 A=0.1638m so the velocity is 0.58ms-1. On frames 4+5 A=0.342m and velocity is 3.529ms-1. It carries on till it reaches the optimal velocity which is 2.418ms-1 and A=0.29m. It increase further as the velocity is in the recovery faze A=1.280m and velocity is a dismal 10.67ms-1.
Task 4
Abstract
This assignment is on my testing of 2 subjects on 2 different sporting actions. I look at angle of acceleration, velocity and length of A. In my Task 1 I have spoken about 3 different sporting actions I have chosen them all from rugby. One is a drop kick anther is pass and the final one is a tackle. I got all of these of the BBC web site. I analyse all of their movements in these action which could contribute to a good action.
Task 2 is about the lever system and how it is in the body and how it effects how everything works in the sporting world. Task 3 is all about the 2 tests that I carried out one a football kick and the other is a football throw-in. I analyse their acceleration and velocity to see how their ability fairs.
At the end my report on what I have discovered by doing my test and doing this assignment.
Report to the director of WIS.
This report is regarding my testing of 2 subjects and seeing their ability level and their techniques.
Subject 1 is a 17 year old and has been playing football for about 14 years. Subject 2 is 18 and has also been playing about 14 years. Subject 1 did the football kick. My calculations show how his velocity and angle of acceleration is his kicking action.
Subject 2 did the football throw-in. On my calculation for this section they are like a yo-yo up and down not able to estimate the ultimate velocity or acceleration.
Reference
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