K8: The physical and psychological capabilities of the players and how these will influence the content and structure of the session you are planning.
The physical and psychological capabilities of the players means how good the children are at understanding any demonstrations and how good they are in their potential.
Physical needs means the active side of an individual
- Good skill level
- Very active
- Good control and skill.
There are individuals that haven’t got this. As a coach it’s their responsibility to help them individually to do the skill and get better at it.
It is important that you show them encouragement so they don’t feel left out of the group.
Always make the children feel good so they feel comfortable and don’t doubt themselves.
For those children that are hyperactive and capable of doing the activity add in more competition so it gets harder for them.
Psychological Capabilities
This is what the children believe they are capable of achieving. The more a child believes they can achieve the harder they will push themselves. Always explain the following clearly
- Language if different than English.
- Seeing things
- Hearing things
- The actions that you are doing.
It is important that you get the best ability out of the children that have needs.
Once you have got the best of their ability progress the activity and make it a bit harder but fun so they are moving on and progressing.
K9: The types of special needs that players may have and how to adapt your plans, yourself and the equipment and facilities to meet these needs.
This means the types of special needs that players may have and how to adapt your plans as a coach.
Hearing impaired:
When you can’t hear in either one ear or both it is important as a coach that you make all things clear to the child.
- Speak clearly and ensure they are able to see your mouth
- 3
- Give signs and actions using your hands
- Do demonstrations of a high standard so the child understands.
- Reassure them
It is important as a coach that you find out about the children before you start teaching a session just in case they have any needs that you need to be aware of such as
- Asthma
- Hearing impaired
- Visual impaired.
K10: Sources of information you can use when planning and preparing coaching sessions for your players.
Hand out of coaching sessions from Martin Davis.
The staff training sessions during the week with 2nd years and Martin Davis.
Other coaches from arsenal that have any other ideas.
Sources of information can come from people such as
- Teachers
- Parents
- Children
K11: The principles of warm up and cool down - to prepare the body for physical activities to prevent injuries.
The aims of a warm is to:
Increase the range and movement in a joint.
Increase the blood flow for the muscles.
Increases the body temperature.
Helps to prevent injury.
A warm up should provide a smooth transition from rest to the intensity of the main activity or competitive situation.
Every training and exercise session should start with a cardiovascular warm up, which raises the pulse rate gradually towards the working pulse rate.
Warm up has 4 sections,
- Mobility to mobilise the joints
- Pulse raiser to increase the pulse
- Stretches
- Second pulse raiser to re-increase the pulse rate.
Mobility: 3-4 minutes this is to mobilise the joints
Pulse raiser: 8-10 minutes to increase the pulse rate in order to raise the temperature of the muscles.
Stretch: 3-4 minutes performed on the leg muscles of the quads, hamstrings, and calf and inside thigh they all should last for 6-10 seconds.
Second pulse raiser 2-3 minutes: to increase the pulse rate after the stretch this needs to enable the heart rate to be raised and the activity to carry on.
Cool Down
A cool down gradually returns the body to its normal temperature and the working pulse rate to the resting pulse rate.
It helps to prevent stiffness and soreness in the muscles by dispersing lactic acid.
The cool down helps to get a lower pulse rate and return to its resting level.
It usually lasts about 3-5 minutes.
Running and jogging and walking until you have your pulse rate down.
After you have lowered your pulse rate you need to do stretches.
You do maintenance stretches on the muscles of the:
- Quads
- Calfs
- Tibialis anterior
- Deltoids
- Pectorals
- Biceps
- Triceps
- Abdominal
- Trapezium
- Lower back
These stretches need to last from 12-15 seconds
Cool down takes between 10 and 15 minutes, 5 minutes to return the pulse to normal and 10 minutes of static stretching to disperse lactic acid.
Other developed stretches need to be included on the muscles of:
- Hamstrings
- Adductors
- Gluteus maximums
- Outside the thigh
Dynamic stretches can be carried out during a cool down.
They need to be carried out in small groups with an experienced teacher.
They are moving stretches and are carried out with the normal range of the muscle, they will last for 7 minutes.
Moving stretches to be done gradually and slowly.
K13: Basic session management to include:
- Resources to include equipment and kit for the session.
Mangers resources
Equipment and kit for the session
Footwear has to be flat - trainers
Appropriate clothing for the session
Equipment
- Balls.
- Coloured bibs for matches and teams.
- Cones for lay ups and activities
- Whistle for referee and to gain attention of children
- Goals and nets.
All equipment should be appropriate to the sport that you are doing.
- Group organisation the purpose of, methods of organising a group.
Group organisation
Make sure that you have 100% control over the group you are coaching.
Teach them everything in simplest form and make sure you have covered the coaching points.
When group have different levels of ability don’t separate group in half as it could make people feel intimidated.
You should have good ability/ not so good ability
Beginners/ experienced.
Methods to organise a group:
- Use numbers to put into random groups
- Ability and levels together.
- Age
- Gender male or female.
Always collect information about the children that you are coaching a session to.
It is important that you are aware of:
- Age of child
- The level they are at
- The ability they have Any special needs
How to collect this:
To collect this information you can have
Application forms
Speak to teachers or parents
Previous coaches.
It is also that important that you keep a little note on the register near the child’s names so all the staff knows like Martin Davis.
K14: The types of information you need to plan a series of sessions including:
The special needs of the players participating in the session
Asthma
Hearing impaired
Visually impaired.
The physical and mentally ability of the players
The number of people involved.
The gender- how many is boys, how many are girls.
How old are the children participating.
The equipment that is available to be used
- balls
- Bibs
- Cones
- Whistle
- Goal posts.
The location where the session is based
Sports hall
Field or football pitch
Look at the weather conditions if you need to either bring the session indoors or outdoors.
Depends if it is hot or cold outside.
K15: Sources of information to plan the sessions including: previous knowledge of players; facilities and resources; information from and organisations.
The knowledge of the players including ether they have special needs such as asthma, hearing or visually impaired.
The facilities that are available.
Equipment:
- Footballs
- Coloured bibs
- Coloured cones
- Whistle’s
- Goal post’s
The resources that are available such as all the equipment for the session, the area that is available ether a sports hall field or football pitch.
Information could be application forms or previous coaches they have trained with.
Get the information from the
Parents
Teachers
Whether the session will be indoors or outdoors. Looking at the environment.
See what the players are capable of doing, their fitness and ability levels.
See what ability the players have as to withed to make part of the session harder so they progress.
