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Introduction

Why do people take part in physical activity? People take part in physical activity to: Get fit Improve skills Enjoyment learn Social Money Relax Health Stress Improve appearance Aesthetic Task 2: one example to illustrate the point from 1-4. 1. To improve body shape You can improve your body shape by weight training, 3 times a week in a 20 minute session. 2. To look and feel better Circuit training, 3 times a week in a 20 minute session, with a controlled diet. 3. For good health For good health you could go cross country running 2 times a week and have a controlled diet. 4. For enjoyment For enjoyment you could do your favourite sport as many times a week as you like. Task 3: activities in your local sports centre. Trampolining Swimming Indoor football Basketball Aerobics Health and fitness Gym Task 4: write down 1-10 and explain what forfills that choice 1. To improve body shape - weight training. 2. To look and feel better - circuit training. 3. For good health - running (long distance). 4. For enjoyment - golf. 5. To relieve stress and tension - swimming. 6. For a physical challenge - cross country running. 7/8. For co-operation and competition - football. 9. For the aesthetic qualities - trampolining 10. To mix socially - gym/fitness. Task 1: Physical Psychological Social To improve body shape To look and feel better For enjoyment To look and feel better For enjoyment For co-operation and competition For good health To relieve stress and health For a physical challenge For the aesthetic qualities For the aesthetic qualities To mix socially 1. Psychological factors Personality - suitable sport? Motivation - if your keen. Arousal - laid back or to nervous, get right psyched up. Stress - stressed prom work etc. 2. Sociological factors Friends - like the sport as well. Parents - money to support you. ...read more.

Middle

Iron is contained in many foods but the iron in meat is absorbed more easily. Other minerals include sodium, which is needed for regulating body water content and is also involved with nerve functioning, while potassium and magnesium are also needed in large amounts. Other minerals are needed in smaller amounts, e.g. zinc and selenium. They are known as trace minerals. Why fibre? - * It adds bulk to food. * It is important in the functioning of the digestive system. Fibre is in the leaves, stems, roots, tuber, seeds and the fruit of plants. Processing and peeling can result in losing the actual fibre from the food itself. There are two types of fibre: * Soluble * Insoluble It is important to eat a variety of food to provide the diet with both types. Wholegrain cereals and wholegrain bread are sources of insoluble fibre, which is required as a bulking agent and to prevent constipation. Oats, fruit and vegetables are sources of soluble fibre needed to reduce blood cholesterol levels. Why water? - Water is a means of transport for: * Nutrients * Waste * Hormones Water holds oxygen and is the main component of many cells. It also controls the distribution of electrolytes. Body Composition Body composition - is the percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle and bone. Body fat - or percentage body fat, which weighing ourselves on scales tells us nothing about. Body shape - one reason for taking part in sport is that it improves are body shape. Define, describe and explain - define be exact with the answer, describe rough/brief description of subject and explain how something works in the body etc. Health-related exercise - comes in five areas: Cardiovascular fitness Muscular strength Muscular endurance Flexibility Body composition Lean body mass - 'the mass of bones, muscles, connective tissue and organs'. Somatotypes An often important factor in performance is body build or physique. ...read more.

Conclusion

Progression Long jump, set yourself a distance and try and beat it in a specific amount of time. Swimming lots of lengths and improving the quality in a short period of time. Starting slowly and gradually increasing the amount of exercise you do. Over - load Lifting 5kg on week one, week two go to ten. That's progressive overload. Running for 15 minutes, in the second week you run for 20 minutes, third week you do it 4 x a week instead of 3. The principle of training with enough intensity to improve your performance. Reversibility In weight training if you lift lower weights, your muscles get smaller (atrophy). In running if you decrease in training then fitness is lost, relates to long distance running. Any changes that take place as a consequence of training will be reversed when you stop training. Regularity Most benefit is gained from training on a regular basis. Moderately Getting the balance right between not training enough and training too much or over training. FITT principle Frequency (how long) - to improve fitness levels individuals must train 3 x per week. Intensity (how hard) - in order to become fitter, body systems must work hard enough to make them adapt. Heart rate needs to be raised to 60% - 80% of the maximum heart rate. 220 - your age = mhr. Time (how long) - length of session should be consistent and increase gradually. Type (kind of activity) - activity will reflect the specific demands of the individuals concern. Methods of training Interval training - training using periods of work followed by rest intervals. Continuous training - aerobic training, using exercise sessions with no rest intervals. Fartlek running - literally 'speedplay', training using jogging, sprints and rest intervals. Circuit training - a number of exercises set out so that you avoid exercising the same muscle group consecutively. Weight training - using progressive resistance, either in weight lifted or number of times a weight is lifted. Bones Stuart Pelling GCSE Physical Education (theory) ...read more.

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