What were the aims and achievements of Lord Castlereagh in foreign affairs after the Congress of Vienna
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Introduction
What were the aims and achievements of Lord Castlereagh in foreign affairs after the Congress of Vienna? At the end of the congress of Vienna he had enormous prestige among the statesmen of Europe and already had considerable achievements to his credit. Castlereagh's main concerns: * Was to preserve peace and he had hoped this could be achieved by regular meetings with the great powers to solve problems and quell disturbances by a concert of Europe. This is states acting in a concert and not by confrontation. * However, he did not believe it was right for the great powers to intervene in the internal affairs of other states, and did not want Britain to become involved in any such action. ...read more.
Middle
It was decided: France should take part in the future congresses, transforming the Quadruple Alliance to the Quintuple Alliance; problems about the rights of Jews in Europe; Swedish payments to Denmark for the acquisition of Norway and the treatment of Napoleon on St Helena. * 1820 was a year of revolutions inspired by Liberalism, in protest against autocratic Governments. I.e. In January troops were gathering at Cadiz before sailing to attempt the recapture of Spain's colonies (such as Argentina, Mexico, Chile) which had declared themselves independent during the wars. Instead the troops turned on the Government and force King Ferdinand 7th to grant a democratic constitution. ...read more.
Conclusion
Castlereagh rejected the protocol, and there seemed to be a split in the Alliance. * The Congress of Liabach(1821) - A continuous of the previous one above. Castlereagh sent his half brother again to show his disapproval. He did concede however that the Austrians should intervene in Naples, provided it was not done in the name of the alliance. - Austrians troops quelled the revolts in Naples; and also quelled in Piedmont, a action Castlereagh did not approve. Just before the congress ended, Europe was further complicated by the outbreak of Greek revolts against the Turkish ruler. Relations with Britain and the rest remained tense, and were obvious that Castlereagh's idea of international co-operation was being misused by Britain's allies. * Another congress was planned for Verona in 1822 to consider the Spanish and Greek problems, but before the meet, Castlereagh committed suicide. ...read more.
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