Summary of Eyewitness Testimony and Improving Memory
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Introduction
Summary of Eyewitness Testimony and Improving Memory Eyewitness Testimony Eyewitness Testimony refers to an account given by people of an event they have witnessed. For example they may be required to give a description at a trail of a robbery or a road accident someone has seen. This includes identification of perpetrators, details of the crime scene etc. EWT can be influenced by lots of things, including leading questions, anxiety and age. The Reconstructive Nature of Memory is where we tend to encode only the 'bare bones' of an event. When we then recall information, we unconsciously 'flesh out' these bare bones using common sense and logic. ...read more.
Middle
A series of actions can help - first you did this, then you did that and so on until you reach your memory. Context-dependency - memories are context-dependent, meaning that they are linked to the situation in which they were encoded. Cognitive Interview uses four techniques: reinstate the context, change sequence, change perspective and report everything. Reinstate the context - help the interviewers go back in their mind to the context in which they encoded the memory. Change sequence - changing the order in which events are recalled can be very beneficial as it ensures details are not skipped and gaps can be filled. Change perspective - interviewers are encouraged to recall events from the perspective of an observer. ...read more.
Conclusion
Narrative Chaining - If you like making up stories, then you may prefer this method of remembering lists. This can be used for a list of any length, and involves the items to be remembered being incorporated into a story, which is then run through in your mind when you need to recall the items. Acronyms - form a word or phrase from the first letters of a list of items to be remembered. Elaboration - it is where information is made meaningful and therefore encoded in a way that suits long-term memory. Keyword Technique - a three stage technique. 1. Acoustic stage - the word is pronounced. 2. Visual image stage - make an image out of the 'item' and the English word. 3. Rehearsal stage - rehearse the image and commit it to memory. This technique is particularly good for learning a foreign vocabulary. ...read more.
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The writer has not written this essay in the correct format. This work looks more like a revision tool. As a revision tool it is okay, but as an essay the work needs to be written in much more detail with studies cited and referenced. If the writer takes on board the comments made, then this work could receive a much higher score.
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Marked by teacher Linda Penn 10/09/2013
