Participants that were presented with words at a 3 second rate were more likely to remember the first words of the list than participants presented with the words at a 2 second rate. This is because they were able to remember the first words more.
The sample had lack of external validity because it was not as representative and it could not be generalised as it is culture band.
The study also supports the idea that short term memory has a limited duration.
The findings of the results were that the participants could recall the words from the start of the lost more accurate since the memory was transferred to the LTM.
This study has also lack of ecological Validity because the situation would be artificial. However the study was easy to replicate and it met its aim, furthermore it was controlled.
Sperling study 1960 was a lab study, he wanted to prove the existence of separate of two stores to increases the model . The case studies of Sperling were rich fruitful data .
The participants saw a number of effects and were asked to recall the whole numbers. It had its advantages and disadvantages. First of all the lab study was controlled however it was open to a demanded characteristics, because they only used psychology students. Furthermore people behaved differently during the study since they know that they are being watched, this makes it internal validity. Also this study had its strength and weakness, it explains the memory in term of study and process also it was very basic. However there was lack of external validity because it only used university students and they are probably the same age.
In 1953 a patient called Henry Gustav Molaison he had sever epilepsy, so the doctors decided to give him a brain surgery , the operation went successful but it left him without long term memory, he could still work on his STM with a normal capacity and duration, only if he rehearsed.
In the operation they removed his hippocampus recorded to cure the epilepsy.
Moreover his case has helped doctors and psychologists understand more about brains, STM & LTM. Also it shows how stores were separated from the R+C of the multi store model.
This experiment is an external validity because it can only be tested on one person. The STM and LTM are not unitary stores.
This case study demonstrates the separate stores of memory by providing evidence that there are two different types of LTM. Moreover it also suggests that STM is more complicated to separate because of hearing and visual information.
In conclusion the Multi-store Model does not separate the difference level in the long term memory because is more complex, the psychologists make it so sound so easy that only rehearsals make long term memory is too simple for the transfer of information. The MSM does not look at the effort and strategy of the participants. The model looks only at the basic structure of the memory it does not show that the type of information is actually being processed. There is also empirical support in the MSM model, for example the Glazer & Cuntiz in 1966 and the brain surgery of HM shows the existence of different stores in the STM and LTM
The model reduces a complex area to something that is very simple.
The model is very useful because it shows why remember information better than other. The information that shows can decide how effective the multi store model is when it comes to explaining memory.
by
mayble1232 (student)
