The five pillars of Islam. The prophet said: Islam is built upon five (pillars): (Shahadah) testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, (Salah)

The prophet said: "Islam is built upon five (pillars): (Shahadah) testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, (Salah) establishing regular prayer, paying zakat (giving of alms), Hajj(pilgrimage) and (Sawm)fasting Ramadan." (Narrated by al-Bukhari, 8; Muslim, 16). The Shahadah is the first of the five pillars. It is the declaration of faith that states all worship should be linked to one God: "There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah." (Narrated by al-Bukhari, no. 8) There are two parts to the Shahadah, the first is testifying that there's no God but Allah and the second is testifying that Muhammad is His messenger. A person has submitted himself to Allah after saying the Shahadah and he worships Him alone, the second part of the Shahadah declares that Muhammad is Allah's prophet, so a Muslim must believe that Muhammad is Messenger of God and follows all of his teachings. Muslims say the Shahadah whenever they want to, it's not restricted to any time, but they must say it during their Salah and various forms of worship such as Dhikr. It is also said in the adhaan (call to prayer) and is said in every Muslim baby's ear when he or she is born. More commonly, the Shahadah is the statement that non-Muslims say to convert to Islam. There are seven conditions of the Shahadah; knowing the meaning of it (al 'ilm);

  • Word count: 2200
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Al-Qur'an - the Great and Holy Book.

AL-QUR'AN - THE GREAT AND HOLY BOOK About a hundred years ago, England had a powerful Prime Minister. He was a Christian to a high section of the Anglican Church. His name was Gladstone. One day in the year 1882, he was speaking in the British Parliament on how to weaken the power of Muslims in Egypt so that the British could continue to rule over them. At one stage he raised a copy of the Holy Qur'an in his hand and said that so long as this book remained with the Muslims in that country and they respected and followed it, the British would never be able to dominate them. He added that the only solution was to try and separate the Holy Qur'an from the Muslims of Egypt. At the end of the speech; a committee was formed to decide upon ways and means of carrying out Gladstone's recommendation. The committee resolved to send some experts to Egypt who would launch a campaign which would weaken the faith of people and make them suspicious of the truth of the Holy Qur'an. The aim was to discourage people to refer to the Holy Book and gradually make them turn against the Islamic way of life. In the course of this political and vicious programme, a learned man by the name of Dunlop was sent to Egypt as a teacher. He prepared many books containing lessons which were nothing but propaganda in disguise. One of the lessons on history was based on showing how Egypt was lagging behind

  • Word count: 628
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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"Suffering & Evil (Perspectives of two religions)"

R.S. Coursework 2 "Suffering & Evil (Perspectives of two religions)" Section A There is pain and suffering all over the world. Even at this very moment, people are facing death and torture, but the question is if God is all kind then why is there suffering? Who or what is the cause of this pain? How can it be stopped? Through this section of the coursework, I will discuss the answers behind these questions from the perspectives of the two religions, Christianity and Islam. According to Christianity, God is wholly good, he does not create evil nor is he evil. It states in Genesis that God created all things in the universe 'and it was good'. So if God is all good, then where does evil come from? The teaching on suffering in Christianity goes back to the beginning when Adam and Eve were created by God. Humans were given the one thing above every other living creature in the universe, and that was the power of free will. God had explicitly told Adam and Eve not to eat from the tree of knowledge but they were not able to comply with this one basic rule. They were tempted to eat from the tree by Satan, the devil, an archangel that was kicked out of heaven due to his rebellion against God. This incident 'The Fall' is used by all Christians as a good lesson on the origins of evil and suffering. Literalist Christians believe that this incident did happen sometime long ago but

  • Word count: 1288
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Who are the Muslims ?

Islãm means 'peace' and 'submission to the one god'. People who follow the faith of Islam are called Muslims. Islãm is not just a religion which has a few rituals to follow but a whole way of life. Some people may think that it is a newer religion than Judaism and Christianity, but Muslims believe Islãm was a way of life chosen by (Allah the one god) from the time when He created Adam and Eve. Who are the Muslims ? There are Muslims in almost every country in the world. Look at the map above and you can see where there are a majority of the population who are Muslim. In more than 50 countries of the world Muslims make up the majority of the religious believers. Most Muslims live in the area around the Sahara desert and across the South-West Asian peninsular. Indonesia, Pakistan and Bangladesh have the largest Muslim populations but there are also Muslims minorities in China, India and Russia as well as over 2 million Muslims in the UK. "There is no God but Allah and Muhammad pbuh is his prophet" "Allah! There is none worthy of worship except him, the ever-lasting! Slumber does not overtake him nor does sleep. Whatever is in the heavens and the Earth belongs to him. The following beliefs are vital for every Muslim: Allah (the one God) Angels The Books of Allah The Prophets Life After Death A Muslim cannot believe in one and ignore the other. . Muslims

  • Word count: 994
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Understanding the meaning of chaplaincy.

Understanding the meaning of chaplaincy The word chaplain has many meanings and different connotations. Its early usage is of Christian origins. Usually a Christian priest was in charge of a chapel in a prominent institution. But throughout time especially in the last 50 years the word chaplaincy has taken a whole new meaning. The influx of multi-faith immigrants has forced the nature of chaplaincy to reach out to other cultures and religions, such as Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and Sikhism etc. unlike before, predominantly everything was very much exclusive to the adherents of the Church Of England. In the modern world today, we see that chaplaincy work is not just confined to religion but has a broader spectrum. It deals with comforts and soothing the pains of difficulties in life. One of the most beautiful examples for a Muslim chaplaincy is how the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) dealt with difficult situations, even before he was crowned with Prophethood. He served the need of fellow human beings, without looking into their religious identity. Hazrat Khadijah, his beloved wife has described his character in the most eloquent way. She says: "o' Prophet of Allah 'No' Allah would never disgrace you! You maintain close ties with your relations; you bear others burdens and give people what they need. You are hospitable to your guests and help those with a

  • Word count: 2806
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Muhammed Ali - Fly like a Butterfly, Sting like a Bee.

Fly like a Butterfly, Sting like a Bee. Muhammad Ali is one of the most recognized faces on planet Earth; known not just for being one of the best fighters in the history of boxing, but for being one of the most knowledgeable persons of the twentieth century. Ali wasn't always known by that name though, he was born Cassius Marcellus Clay on January 17, 1942 in Louisville, Kentucky, him and his younger brother Rudolph had many small conflicts like any brothers would have, but they were, and still are blessed with having a very close relationship (Hauser, 2). Twelve-year-old Cassius was turned on to boxing after his brand-new bike was stolen at an annual Black fair called The Louisville Home Show (Jet). Joe Martin, a policeman who taught young kids how to box, was in a basement by the fair and after Cassius complained to him that he was going to "whup the person who stole his prized red-and-white Schwinn"(Jet). Officer Martin decided to push the frustrated youngster towards boxing. Six weeks later Cassius would win a three-minute, three-round split decision in his very first match (Hauser 7). Clay became more committed to boxing, fighting 108 amateur bouts, winning six Kentucky Golden Gloves Championships, two National Golden Gloves tournaments, and two National AAU titles (Ebony). Then the 1960 Rome Olympics came; a hesitant Cassius was afraid to travel over there in an

  • Word count: 3396
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Abrogation of Jihad

ABROGATION OF JIHAD In his endeavours to prove that Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas opposed the concept of Jihad1 in Islam, Abdul Hafeez cites2 a passage from Hadhrat Ahmad'sas book titled Ayyamus Sulh in which he, according to his original work stated: 'We believe that there is none worthy of worship except Allah and Seyyidna Hadhrat Muhammad Mustaphasa is His Messenger and is the Seal of Prophets. We believe that the angels, the resurrection of the body, the day of judgment, heaven and hell are a reality. We also believe that whatever God, the Lord of the Hosts has stated in the noble Quran and whatever our Prophetsa has said in relation to these is true. We believe that whosoever subtracts the smallest particle in from the law of Islam, or adds to it, or lays the foundation of neglecting obligations and indifference towards them, is without faith and is turned away from Islam. I admonish the members of my community that they should, in true sincerity, have faith in the Kalimah; Laa ilaaha ila1laah Muhammadur Rasuulullaah and they should die in this faith. They should believe in all prophets and books, the truth of which is affirmed by the noble Quran. They should observe the fast and perform the salat and pay the zakat and perform Hajj and carry out all that God Almighty and His Messenger have prescribed and also abstain from all that has been forbidden and thus conform in

  • Word count: 7618
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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The Origins and beliefs of Shia and Sunni Islam

The Origins and beliefs of Shia and Sunni Islam During the first 30 years after the Prophet's death Muslim's were governed by four khalifahs who were outstanding men chosen by the community for their closeness to the Prophet and their good characters. They were unselfish, tolerant, and well versed in the Qu'ran, and they had been the Prophet's dearest friends. They had learned from him all his ways and attitudes. These first four khalifahs were known as the 'Rashidun' or 'rightly-guided' or 'orthodox'. The word 'khalifah' means 'successor'. Instead of living like princes, they lived very simple lives as the Prophet had done, in close touch with the people. They were renowned for their ragged and torn clothing, and their refusal to take any luxuries for themselves. Khalifahs were the most important people in the Muslim state, but were horrified if anyone started to think of them as kings - they were simply servants. Only God was King. The first khalifah was Abu Bakr, who ruled from 632-4 CE. Before he died he elected Umar to be the next khalifah. Ali and his supporters thought this was wrong, but refused to bear a grudge. Umar ruled from 634-44 CE, after being stabbed (by Firuz, a Persian slave) six times in the back whilst he was praying. Uthman was the next khalifah to be elected, after Ali had refused the position. He was a kind and gentle man, but tended to elect many

  • Word count: 1997
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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In the Name of Allh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. . O mankind! Fear your Lord and be dutiful to Him! Verily, the earthquake of the Hour (of Judgement) is a terrible thing. 2. The Day you shall see it, every nursing mother will forget her nursling, and every pregnant one will drop her load, and you shall see mankind as in a drunken state, yet they will not be drunken, but severe will be the Torment of Allâh. 3. And among mankind is he who disputes concerning Allâh, without knowledge, and follows every rebellious (disobedient to Allâh) Shaitân (devil) (devoid of each and every kind of good). 4. For him (the devil) it is decreed that whosoever follows him, he will mislead him, and will drive him to the torment of the Fire. 5. O mankind! If you are in doubt about the Resurrection, then verily! We have created you (i.e. Adam) from dust, then from a Nutfah (mixed male and female sexual discharge i.e. offspring of Adam), then from a clot (a piece of thick coagulated blood) then from a little lump of flesh, some formed and some unformed (miscarriage), that We may make (it) clear to you (i.e. to show you Our Power and Ability to do what We will). And We cause whom We will to remain in the wombs for an appointed term, then We bring you out as infants, then (give you growth) that you may reach your age of full strength. And among you there is he who dies

  • Word count: 3120
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Examine and comment on Islamic and Hindu beliefs about life after death

Examine and comment on Islamic and Hindu beliefs about life after death Life after death is often a highly charged, debateable topic. Through this essay I will examine the argument that there must be an afterlife to explain morality in this world and refer to The Qur'an for Islam and Bhagavad Gita for Hinduism. This will allow me to conclude that an afterlife can justify morality, as human beings our life's conduct is dependant on the belief of a good hereafter. Both religions very foundation rely on the fact that there is an after life, as deeds in this life will be accountable within the next. Although Islam and Hinduism both believe in an after life they teach radically different things about what it is. The Islamic belief is based on a linear time line, meaning that each person will live on this earth once and after that be judged by God. "The good and the bad deeds of every person will be weighed." (Qur'an 7:8). This view differs with the Hindu belief as their belief is that to attain Mokhsa (release from the cycle of life) "everyone has to be reborn somewhere or the other to undergo some experience, until the Absolute Being is realised as identical with oneself." by Swami Krishnananda. The individual must continue to transmigrate between souls to diminish all bad karma in the various lives they had been in to attain complete salvation. Belief in "al- akhirah"

  • Word count: 3542
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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