Determination of % Yeild

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Renee Buettel

Period D4

Ms. Parziale

1/31/08

Lab #11: Determination of % Yeild

Paul Bergin

Abstract

The main objective of this experiment was to find the mole to mole ratio of is NaHCO3(s), or sodium bicarbonate, to NaCl, or sodium chloride when it is reacted with excess hydrochloric acid. The result of this was a 1 to 1 ratioThe other main objective, which was similar to the first, was to find the mole ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium chloride reacted with excess HCl. The result of this was a 1 to 2 ratio. The main theory proven in this lab experiment was the topic of percent yield.

Introduction

        Stoichiometry is an important topic when dealing with chemistry. It is a very mathematical part of chemistry. It’s used to calculate moles, percents, and masses of reactants and products in a chemical equation, according to Park (1996). A common stoichiometry problem gives an amount of a reactant and asks how much of the product will be formed. The same source explains that in a mass-to-mass problem, the first step is balancing the equation. Next, the mass is converted to moles using the molar mass of the given substance in the formula n=m/GFM. A mole ratio is then used to convert the moles of the known to the moles of the unknown. Finally, the moles are converted to mass using the formula n=m/GFM.

In a chemical equation, there are two sides. The chemicals on the tail end are called the reactants and the chemicals on the other side are called products. An example of this given by Coefficients (2008) is 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O. In this example, “2H2 + 02” is the reactants and “2H2O” is the product. Also, “→” is the sign for “yield.” The big 2s in front of H2 and H2O are called coefficients. In this case, the first 2 indicates that there are 2 molecules of H2, which also means that there are 4 atoms of hydrogen in the reactant part of the equation. The other 2 signifies that there are 2 molecules of H2O as the product. This means that every molecule of H2O that contains 2 atoms of hydrogen contains 4 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. According to Chemistry Formulas (2005), the subscripts are used to signify the number of atoms of an element in a compound. In this example, O2 means that there are 2 atoms of oxygen.

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To balance an equation, How can (n.d.), says that an element inventory is first made. For example, if there was the equation H2 + O2 → H2O, it would be written down that on the left side there are 2 hydrogen and 2 oxygen, and on the right side there are 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen. This is determined by the subscripts.  Next, the guess and check method is used to determine the correct coefficients. When doing this, the inventory is updated.

        According to Law Of (n.d.), the law of conservation of mass is a law that says that the mass of the reactants ...

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