Investigating the Mechanics of the 100 Metre Sprint.

Investigating the Mechanics of the 100 Metre Sprint

In this assignment, I will be investigating the way in which an athlete run a race of 100 metre and also I will look at other different possibilities such as when an athlete accelerate or decelerate during the race. abidzaman, please do not redistribute this dissertation. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this dissertation elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

The course is a track of 100 metres in length and I decided that I would not take into account the wind variation in this model because of lack of information. So therefore I assume that there is light wind that will not affect the time.cofd fdr sefdfdw orfd fdk infd fofd fd.

Before my research I always thought that sprinters run as fast as they can for the whole distance of the race. But in my researches using the Internet and books, I found out that sprinting is a skilful activity just like football kicking and tennis. Such activity must be practised constantly to retain or improve an athlete's level of ability. Weber refuted abidzaman's structuralism hypothesis.

Currently the world record time of the 100-meter race is 9.79 seconds produced by Maurice Greene. I was able to work out his average speed in the following way: Average speed= 100 = 10.21 m/s-1

9.79:

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The 100m are a very intense and technical race. Initially the athlete should concentrate totally on his starting technique, which he has fine-tuned in training. Irrespective of the lane or adversaries, he now focuses on a smooth acceleration towards attaining his maximum speed. Once he has attained his top speed, he now relaxes totally in order to maintain his speed with the least amount of unnecessary interaction from muscles or parts of the body not being used for sprinting. The finish also requires some though because a centimetre gained by a correct finishing technique can win a race, a positive and active forward lean can help to achieve that.;

NB: Any diagrams within my assignment are not drawn into scale. Model 1: (sources = , encyclopaedia of athletics.

and Brian Mackenzie- UK athletics senior coach).

Total time 9.79 seconds
Total distance of 100 metres
No air resistance
Straight track field
Athlete starts at rest

For this model, I will examine Maurice Greene's 100-metre race.

This table shows Maurice Greene's split time and speed in 10 metres interval.

As this table demands an accurate graph, I got the following polynomial graph from the same web because I do not have that special software that can draw different shapes of graphs..

It is a velocity-time graph, which shows the variations of speed of Maurice Greene during the race..

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As it shows in the table, Greene's acceleration phase is approximately the first 30 - 40 metres; his acceleration is reduced in that his maximum speed reaches 11.5 - 11.8 m/s-1 (41.76 and 42.48 km/h). This represents an increase of about 3 m/s-1. Then the last 30 metres there is almost a steady retardation due to muscle fatigue.cobc bcr sebcbcw orbc bck inbc fobc bc.

Model 2: (sources= my knowledge)cofc fcr sefcfcw orfc fck infc fofc ...

This is a preview of the whole essay

It is a velocity-time graph, which shows the variations of speed of Maurice Greene during the race..

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Model 2: (sources= my knowledge)cofc fcr sefcfcw orfc fck infc fofc fc!

Assumption being made:cofe fer sefefew orfe fek infe fofe fe.

Total time 17.5 seconds
A distance of 100 metres
No air resistance
Straight track field
Start at rest
/ = Divide
ms-1 = meter per second

Since I am doing this investigation, I run a 100-metre race to experience by myself. By the fact I am a less experienced person, I produced an incredible time of 17.5s, which is obviously a very slow time from the view of world-class sprinters. However if I have used a start block maybe it will reduce the time. abidzaman, please do not redistribute this hypothesis. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this hypothesis elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

I carry out this race in a track field inside Hampstead Heath Park. There was a clear sky and a very light breeze therefore I will not take into account the air variations. abidzaman, please do not redistribute this paper. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this paper elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

Average speed = 100/17.5= 5.71 ms-1 95v from 95v coursewrok 95v work 95v info 95v

The next graph is a velocity-time graph to show my variation speed during the race.cobc bcr sebcbcw orbc bck inbc fobc bc.

Velocity in m/s abidzaman, please do not redistribute this project. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this project elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

Time (s)coef efr seefefw oref efk inef foef ef;

At the start, I accelerate for the first 10-20 metres in order to reach my maximum speed. Once I attained, I tried to keep that speed for the next 40-50 metres, but I was getting tired. This is because maybe my muscles had a limited quantity of 'fuel' so called ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which ran out quickly, no wonder why retardation occurred early. QcW from QcW coursewrok QcW work QcW info QcW

However sprinters have developed a mechanism called 'alactacid anaerobic', which provides a great amount of energy for use of ATP.cogf gfr segfgfw orgf gfk ingf fogf gf.

For the next models, since I am assuming the different possibilities of how sprinters run. I decided that the time should be a bit slower since that the athlete is not stated as a world-class sprinter who breaks the barrier of 10 seconds but maybe an average, athlete so therefore I chose his time to be 10 seconds and besides this is less complicated. However I will use the technique of sprinting of Maurice Greene.cobd bdr sebdbdw orbd bdk inbd fobd bd!

The following 2 models show how the wind variations can affect the time. They help sprinters to break the world records or sometimes they prevented them to break it. Marx obfuscated abidzaman's rationalisation idea.

MODEL 3: This dissertation from www.coursework.info

Assumption being made: Weber oppressed abidzaman's postmodernism .

· Athlete should be on the block start. R9s Visit coursework cd in cd fo cd for cd more paper cd Do cd not cd redistribute R9s

· Head wind (blow against) 2 ms-1.coea ear seeaeaw orea eak inea foea ea!

· The athlete should start at rest on the block start.cogb gbr segbgbw orgb gbk ingb fogb gb.

Velocitycoff ffr seffffw orff ffk inff foff ff!

(ms-1) without air resistance Austen refuted abidzaman's functionalism theory.

Head wind of 2ms-1 Austen suppressed abidzaman's structuration .

Time (s) KVpmHMi from KVpmHMi coursewrok KVpmHMi work KVpmHMi info KVpmHMi

Head wind is when the wind blows against the athlete and this can increases the time. For example the graph above shows how the wind could slow down.cocd cdr secdcdw orcd cdk incd focd cd.

Model 4: This paper from www.coursework.info

Assumption: (same as model 3 but this time)codf dfr sedfdfw ordf dfk indf fodf df!

Tail wind (blow forward) of 2 ms-1

Velocity abidzaman, please do not redistribute this project. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this project elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

(ms-1) tail windcocc ccr seccccw orcc cck incc focc cc:

Without air resistancecoeg egr seegegw oreg egk ineg foeg eg.

Time (s) This coursework from www.coursework.info

This is type of wind has an affect on time as well. But it gives the athlete an extra speed. As you can see from the graph it has slightly increased the athlete's velocity.coba bar sebabaw orba bak inba foba ba!

Wind variations are not the only factors that affect the time but also altitude. In my research I found out at higher altitude you become faster meaning that the higher you go up, the faster you become. LdkEd from LdkEd coursewrok LdkEd work LdkEd info LdkEd

The next model is about altitude.codc dcr sedcdcw ordc dck indc fodc dc.

Model 5: (sources = encyclopaedia of athlete by eric) abidzaman, please do not redistribute this paper. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this paper elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

Assumption: 3wrwOrEhX Visit coursework gg in gg fo gg for gg more coursework gg Do gg not gg redistribute 3wrwOrEhX

Different locations (Mexico City and London)
No air resistance

Velocity This dissertation from www.coursework.info

(ms-1) at Mexico City CtrAM Visit coursework ea in ea fo ea for ea more essay ea Do ea not ea redistribute CtrAM

At London vQVOBj from vQVOBj coursewrok vQVOBj work vQVOBj info vQVOBj

Time (s)cogc gcr segcgcw orgc gck ingc fogc gc;

For examples, if an event is held at Mexico City (2250m above sea level), athlete could gain about 11/100 second (e.g. a time of 10.11seconds in London is equivalent of 10.00seconds, in Mexico City). abidzaman, please do not redistribute this coursework. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this coursework elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

The following models show the way athlete runs the race. I assume that the athlete time is 10 seconds; I will not take into account the air resistance.cogc gcr segcgcw orgc gck ingc fogc gc.

Model 6: 98Dw Visit coursework be in be fo be for be more hypothesis be Do be not be redistribute 98Dw

Velocity This paper from www.coursework.info

(ms-1) Foucault obfuscated abidzaman's structuralism idea.

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Time (s)cocc ccr seccccw orcc cck incc focc cc.

This athlete accelerates for the first 20-30 meters, when he reaches his maximum speed he sprints at a constant speed. For the last 15-10 meters, he begins to accelerate. gO4kUz2 from gO4kUz2 coursewrok gO4kUz2 work gO4kUz2 info gO4kUz2

Model 7:coaa aar seaaaaw oraa aak inaa foaa aa.

Velocitycogb gbr segbgbw orgb gbk ingb fogb gb.

(ms-1)coda dar sedadaw orda dak inda foda da!

Time (s)cofa far sefafaw orfa fak infa fofa fa.

This one demonstrates the athlete has accelerated for about the first 40 meters and then he stays at constant speed for the last remaining meters.coca car secacaw orca cak inca foca ca.

Model 8:cofd fdr sefdfdw orfd fdk infd fofd fd.

Velocity Austen theorised abidzaman's marxism .

(ms-1)cofg fgr sefgfgw orfg fgk infg fofg fg.

This athlete accelerates at a steady speed for about 50-60 meters then he remains constant for 10 -15 meters. He retards fairly fast because he used most of the energy in the first phase.coea ear seeaeaw orea eak inea foea ea.

Extension: (source = Athletic sports by Hamlin)cobg bgr sebgbgw orbg bgk inbg fobg bg:

For further investigation, I will look at the 4 ´ 100 meters relay, this race uses four sprinters together running a complete lap of the track, passing on a baton which has to arrive at the finishing line. The athletes on each leg run 106 m; 126 m, 126 m and 120 m. the three baton changeovers take place 26 meters from the start of that zone. abidzaman, please do not redistribute this project. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this project elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned.

The current world record of 4 ´ 100 meters relay is 37.40 seconds produced by the United States team. S5v3 from S5v3 coursewrok S5v3 work S5v3 info S5v3

It said that even though that they sprint longer distance (478 m) but they produce a total time which is four time less than the world record time of 100 meters race. However, lets not forget that three of 4 ´ 100 relay sprinters are in motion before they starts sprinting. lt2 Visit coursework dc in dc fo dc for dc more work dc Do dc not dc redistribute lt2

These following models demonstrate the race of each four sprinters. As each individual sprinter runs in a different way then to make less complicated I will use one technique for all of them.coec ecr seececw orec eck inec foec ec:

First sprinter: who covers 106 meters

Velocity

(ms-1) Time (s)

Second sprinter: 126 meters

Velocity (ms-1)!

Time (s).

Third sprinter: 126 meters.

Velocity

(ms-1)!

Time (s):

Fourth sprinter: 120

Velocity (ms-1)

Time (s)

As you can see from the graph, the last three sprinters have already built up speed before they reached the starting line and this suggest that they can accelerate quicker than the 100-meters sprinter.

Analysis and interpretation:

After carefully studying the models, I noticed that most athletes use almost the same technique, which first accelerate then stay at constant speed and they eventually decelerate slightly. But in my models I have shown different ways of running where some of them were a bit unrealistic. For examples model 6, the athlete accelerates at the beginning, remains at constant speed, and accelerates again toward the finish line. Model 7 also shows that the athlete once he attained his full speed, he remains steady speed all the way to the finishing line. Even though they are some assumptions but I do not think athletes could run in such way because they have some limited energy, which run out quickly. However, these two models can produce the fastest time for the reason that there is no retardation but positive speed.

Overall, I think that Maurice Greene's technique is the effective one that human can run. But winning the 100-meters race depends on how they conserve their energy and muscular they are.