Is sulphuric acid dibasic?

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Candidate name: Manal Javed

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Chemistry Planning Exercise

Aim

In this plan I shall demonstrate that sulphuric acid is dibasic. In order to do this affectively I will plan experiment using scientific techniques. The experiment will involve titration. I will then validate these experiments using calculations and appropriate chemistry knowledge. The reactants I have selected that will neutralise sulphuric acid are shown below in the equations:

Reactants used in Titration and products obtained:

         

H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) --> Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

                                     

                                                       

Background knowledge

The acid (sulphuric acid) is identified by being paired with a hydrogen ion and a base (sodium hydroxide) is identified by being paired with a hydroxide group. Sodium Hydroxide neutralises the sulphuric acid to form salt and water.

Sulphuric acid

A dibasic acid has two hydrogen atoms in its molecule which can be ionised. Sulphuric acid is dibasic acid, because it contains two hydrogen atoms which ionise in aqueous solution to become 2H+ ions. The equation below shows an ionic equation for sulphuric acid.

H2SO4 + 2H+    SO42-

Sodium Hydroxide

Sodium Hydroxide is used as a base. It is completely ionic, containing sodium ions and hydroxide ions. The hydroxide ions make sodium hydroxide a strong base which reacts with acid to form water and salt. The equations below shows a reaction between sodium hydroxide (base) with sulphuric acid (acid):

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H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq)  Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l) 

Ionic equation: 2H+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) 2H2O(ll) + 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq)

Net ionic equation (only species that change):  H+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l)

Titration: How to carry out the experiment in the laboratory

Material used

  • Sulphuric acid with a concentration of 1.00M.
  • 50cm3 of  0.4M of sodium hydroxide that will be made up to 100cm3 with a concentration of 0.2M.
  • Indicator
  • Safety goggles  

Diagram of apparatus and set up

Set up:

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