Use the following terms correctly in describing the forces and elements of a roller coaster.
4. Use the following terms correctly in describing the forces and elements of a roller coaster. (Underline the terms in your description) -Gravity -G-forces -Potential Energy -Kinetic Energy -Centripetal Force -Centrifugal Force -Acceleration -Friction How many people have been on a roller coaster before? You have, I have, almost everybody has! However, have you ever considered why your cart doesn’t fall off the track while you’re on that giant loop? And why do you sometimes feel like lead and other times a feather? Despite what you may think, it is not magic or any miracle. There are many different forces and elements that are involved in a roller coaster that explain why things are the way they are on these thrilling rides. One of the main elements in roller coasters is energy. There are actually two specific types of energy involved: potential and kinetic. A roller coaster cart has a large quantity of potential energy at the top of a hill. Potential energy, which is stored energy that depends on the mass and height of the object, is high at the top of the hill because the cart is very high off the ground. As the cart descends down the drop, it loses potential energy in accordance with height. However, the cart subsequently gains kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion that depends on the
In this experiment we are investigating the effects that Gravity has on Objects.
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PHYSICS BEHIND EXPERIMENT PRELIMINARY PREDICTION AND PRELIMINARY TESTING SETUP AND EQUIPMENT EXPLANATION OF METHOD SYSTEMATIC ERRORS AND MINIMIZING ERROR RISK ASSESMENT RESULTS ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENTS AND TESTING REVISED SET UP REVISED METHOD EXPLAIN REVISED CHANGES PREDICTIONS RESULTS ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION EXPERIMENT In this experiment we are investigating the effects that Gravity has on Objects. Generally the value of gravity is the same all around the earth. The general value for gravity is known to be 9.80665m^-2 ms. As gravity acts from the canter of the earth the closer the object to the ground the greater the pull of gravity. In this instance the idea is to use a piece of paper and light gate for the first experiment then repeat it with a ball for the second experiment. My experiment is to see if the height you drop an object from affects the speed in which it passes through a light gate. PRELIMINARY PREDICTION My preliminary predictions are that as the drop height increases the velocity of the object will also increase as the object has more time to and a greater distance to travel. The time distance and velocity of an object are represented by : speed = distance/time EQUIPMENT CARD LIGHT GATE CLAMP STAND CLAMP CARPET BLUE TACK READER (PC) METER STICK METHOD attach blue tack to the bottom of the piece of
Design and conduct an experiment that graphically determines whether drag force is proportional to the velocity of a falling object or proportional to velocity squared.
Problem statement: design and conduct an experiment that graphically determines whether drag force is proportional to the velocity of a falling object or proportional to velocity squared. Independent variable: Mass Dependent variable: Distance Fallen Literature value: The literature value is comparison to the first trial's height. Research Question: How is the drag force (mass * gravity) proportional to the velocity (distance fallen = velocity * time) or to the velocity squared? Hypothesis: If the mass of the object increases by a factor of x, then the drag force will be proportional to the velocity because drag force is opposite of the gravitational force so if the formula for gravitational force is mg = W. Then as the mass increases by an x factor, the gravitational force will increase by an x factor. The opposite of the gravitational force is the air drag so then W = k * v. The velocity is similar to the mass and k is the drag force coefficient. So the formula shows if the drag force increased by a x factor then so will the velocity indicating it is proportional. Background information: The experiment is to determine if the drag force is proportional to the velocity or velocity squared. If the drag force is proportional to the velocity then it would be based on the formula: m*g = W = k*v. As the drag force increases by a factor of x, so will the velocity. If the
Experiment to determine gravity from a spring using digital techniques
Experiment to determine gravity from a spring using digital techniques The aim of this experiment is to look at the relationship between the mass of a mass on a spring and its simple harmonic period when it is extended then released. This should theoretically follow the relationship: Which is in the form y=mx. This experiment will examine the straight line proportionality between the period squared of the SHM and the mass on the spring. This will be done by varying the mass on the spring, extending the spring a certain distance, and releasing the spring. The period of this oscillation is determined and this is repeated for different masses. From this, a graph of period squared against mass can be plotted, which should exhibit the straight line proportionality as shown above. This experiment will then use a simple rearrangement of Hooke's law, to to determine a value for gravitational field strength, which will then be compared to the accepted value of 9.81Nkg-1. To do this, the spring will be loaded with different masses, and the extension of the spring noted. A graph of mass against extension is then plotted, and from this a value for gravitational field strength can be calculated. Procedure Apparatus * Stand * Motion sensor * Computer with datastudio installed * Slotted masses and mass holder * CD * Pointer * Half metre stick * Balance accurate to 1g *
Design of Customer Input Form
Design of Input/Output Design of Customer Input Form Design of Sports Hall Reservation Form Design of Menu System Design Of Customer Report (Sorted by surname) 102 ADG Brown 116 High Street, 028 £120 Family 5 Belfast 9012 5477 125 SR Collins Farm house, Farm 028 £60 Single 2 Street, Saintfield 9154 4625 116 AJR Drennan 12 Portaferry Road, 028 £40 Single 4 Greyabbey 4277 8514 Reservation List 01 15.00,12/11/02 02 12.00,15/11/02 12 11.00,05/01/01 Member Labels These can be printed onto a page of labels, which can then be stuck to envelopes and sent out to the members of the gym. These addresses can be retrieved from many sources, so you could either use all the members or create a query and search for a specific reason to send out letters. Data Checking & Controls I will be using many validation checks in my system, including input mask, length checks and character type checks. Input Masks This is a way of ensuring only the correct characters are input into the field, and also in
The aim of my investigation was to explore the viscosity of golden syrup using stokes law to calculate the viscosity of the liquid.
Stokes's law is the basis of the falling-sphere viscometer, in which the fluid is stationary in a vertical glass tube. A sphere of known size and density is allowed to descend through the liquid. If correctly selected, it reaches terminal velocity, which can be measured by the time it takes to pass two marks on the tube. The aim of my investigation was to explore the viscosity of golden syrup using stokes law to calculate the viscosity of the liquid. Apart from superfluids, liquids and gasses have the property of viscosity. Viscosity is measured in Pascal-seconds; this describes its resistance to deformation and the ease that which it flows. Viscosity is internal friction this is due to intermolecular forces, this is affected by temperature and pressure if gas but just temperature if liquid. Newtonian fluids viscosity stays the same regardless of temperature or any other force. Liquids with a high viscosity flow slowly (like golden syrup), whereas liquids which have lower viscosities flow faster (like water). There are many ways to measure viscosity. However I chose to do so by using a chrome ball bearing as this was the only sphere shaped object available to be used in the lab. Stokes Law was derived by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851. This describes the drag force which is exerted on a sphere in a Newtonian fluid. The frictional force is measured in Newton's which is
Falling parachute experiment
Falling Parachute Experiment Aim To investigate the motion of objects for which the air resistance is quite large. Introduction Free fall is a special type of motion in which the only force acting upon an object is gravity. Objects that are said to be undergoing free fall, are not encountering a significant force of air resistance; they are falling under the sole influence of gravity. . Under such conditions, all objects will fall with the same rate of acceleration, regardless of their mass [1]. W = mg where W=weight (N); m= mass of object (kg); g=gravitational acceleration (m/s2). The amount of air resistance depends upon the speed of the object. A falling object will continue to accelerate to higher speeds until they encounter an amount of air resistance that is equal to their weight. The object will accelerate to higher speeds before reaching a terminal velocity. Thus, more massive objects fall faster than less massive objects because they are acted upon by a larger force of gravity; for this reason, they accelerate to higher speeds until the air resistance force equals the gravity force [1]. Method The apparatus used in the experiment are a plastic bag, scissors, a set of 5 paperclips, a ruler, stopwatch or wristwatch with ability to read to at least 0.1 s, notebook and pencil. Firstly, the plastic bag was cut into a 15x15 square. Next, strings were tied through
Investigate four factors that may affect the strength for electromagnets: the number of turns, the size of the current, the nature of the current (a.c. or d.c.) and the distance between the sensor and the magnet.
Strength of electromagnets Design Research question Investigate four factors that may affect the strength for electromagnets: the number of turns, the size of the current, the nature of the current (a.c. or d.c.) and the distance between the sensor and the magnet. This experiment will be divided into 4 parts investigating each of the 4 factors. For each part, the independent variable is one of the 4 conditions (the number of turns, the size of the current, the nature of the current (a.c. or d.c.) and the distance between the sensor and the magnet). The dependent variable is the strength received by the sensor. The controlled variables will be the room temperature and the other three factors. Materials and methods The materials I used are a magnet, a long copper wire, an ammeter, a sensor, power supply, a thermometer, a graphical calculator and a rheostat. Part 1: Number of turns Measure the room temperature and record as 't'. 2 Set the power supply as a.c., set the rheostat at position A and keep the sensor 5cm from the magnet. Keep these three conditions constant throughout the whole part. 3 Connect the circuit as the diagram showed. 4 Twine the wire on the magnet with 20 turns. 5 Turn on the switch and record 5 successive readings on the graphical calculator as 'X1 T' (since the reading changes all the time) 6 Turn off the switch and change only and increase
The experiment involves the determination, of the effective mass of a spring (ms) and the spring constant (k).
Investigation of the Properties of a Spring 14/11/99. Introduction The experiment involves the determination, of the effective mass of a spring (ms) and the spring constant (k). It is known that the period (T), of small oscillations of a mass (m) at the end of a helical spring is given by the formula: T= 2??(m+ms) k In this experiment the same clamp was used for all readings to make sure there were no miss-readings taken due to differences in the way the clamp and stand reacted to the movement of the mass. Also the spring in all readings was the same as, after all the ms and k of two different springs is going to be different and lead to different readings. The things that were varied in the experiment were, the number of slotted masses on the end of the spring and the number of oscillations of the mass to be counted. The number of oscillations (T) will be measured using a stopcock. Which was varied to give a number between 20 and 30. To keep the number of oscillations, for every mass as similar to each other as possible. To help keep the experiment fair. So to find ms and k the following experiment was devised and carried out: A clamp and stand were used to hold a spring in position, onto which varying sizes of mass were placed. These masses were allowed to bob on the bottom of the spring and a specified number of oscillations were timed using a stop
Modeling a basketball shoot in the lab
Modelling and investigating the farthest range from which a basketball can be shot into a ring By Janice Lau (U6th) Content Page Aim Background Information Calculations and Diagram- prove that it's a parabola Theory- PROJECTILE MOTION AT AN ANGLE How to model a basketball shot? Apparatus Force vs. Compression - Spring Loaded Plunger Prediction/Safety Experiment 1 - Preliminary investigation Experiment 2 Research about Basketball Experiment 3 Experiment 4 Experiment 5 Conclusion Evaluation Source 3 3 4 5 6 6 6-10 0 1-12 3-14 5 5-17 7-18 9-20 20-21 21 21 The AIM of my investigation is to find the optimum angle for the maximum range for a basketball shot by modeling it in the lab. Background- PROJECTILE MOTION Definition: "An object launched into space without motive power of its own is called a projectile. If we neglect air resistance, the only force acting on a projectile is its weight, which causes its path to deviate from a straight line."1 The projectile has a constant horizontal and vertical velocity that changes uniformly when it is influence by acceleration and gravity. Diagram: Fig 1 &2 shows that basketball shots are projectile motions, however, how can we show it mathematically? Calculations Consider the horizontal and vertical motion individually. Initially, Ux = u cos ? ----- (1) Uy = u sin ?----- (2) The horizontal