Qualitative Analysis

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Objective: To increase the power of observation and deduction, to give a practice at obtaining and interpreting IR spectra and to identify an unknown compound G.

Introduction:

Organic compound are so numerous and of such wide variety that the problem of identification is formidable unless approached in a systematic and logical manner. Both spectroscopic and chemical techniques are useful for solving these problems. The general procedures for the identification of an organic compound are:

1. Preliminary physical examination.

2. Determination of the solubility properties of the compound.

3. Qualitative element analysis- for element present in the compound other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

4. Chemical characterization tests- to determine the chemical class of the compound.

5. Spectroscopic analysis- to determine the chemical class of the compound and its structure by interpretation of the IR spectra.

6. Literature search- compares the physical and the spectroscopic properties of the unknown compound with compounds of the same chemical class.

7. Further experiment comparisons- to provide addition chemical tests data that are necessary to complete and confirm the identification.

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Methodology:

        First of all, the physical state, color, size and shape and odor of the unknown compound G were recorded. Secondly, ignition test and solubility test were carried out.

Then sodium fusion test was carried out to prepare the “fusion” solution, followed by the test for the presence of nitrogen and halogens. Afterwards, a serious of chemical characterization tests were carried out. Finally, an IR spectrum of the unknown sample G was obtained for the presence of functional group.

Data and Results:

Sample G was toxic and flammable.

The data given for the unknown sample G

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