Examine and comment on Islamic and Hindu beliefs about life after death

Examine and comment on Islamic and Hindu beliefs about life after death Life after death is often a highly charged, debateable topic. Through this essay I will examine the argument that there must be an afterlife to explain morality in this world and refer to The Qur'an for Islam and Bhagavad Gita for Hinduism. This will allow me to conclude that an afterlife can justify morality, as human beings our life's conduct is dependant on the belief of a good hereafter. Both religions very foundation rely on the fact that there is an after life, as deeds in this life will be accountable within the next. Although Islam and Hinduism both believe in an after life they teach radically different things about what it is. The Islamic belief is based on a linear time line, meaning that each person will live on this earth once and after that be judged by God. "The good and the bad deeds of every person will be weighed." (Qur'an 7:8). This view differs with the Hindu belief as their belief is that to attain Mokhsa (release from the cycle of life) "everyone has to be reborn somewhere or the other to undergo some experience, until the Absolute Being is realised as identical with oneself." by Swami Krishnananda. The individual must continue to transmigrate between souls to diminish all bad karma in the various lives they had been in to attain complete salvation. Belief in "al- akhirah"

  • Word count: 3542
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Religious Studies & Philosophy
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Description of the jury system

Describe the system of trial by jury within the English legal system The jury system has been in use for hundreds of years and was confirmed under Magna Carta 1215, however the system of trial by jury can be traced back to the reign of Henry II (1154-1189). The system by which we are familiar with today, i.e. juries giving verdicts on the basis of what is related to them by witnesses at the court hearing was coming into prominence in trials of serious offences as early as the fifteenth century. The jury is found in the Crown Court and sit for indictable offences. Juries consist of 12 people of either sex, swearing on the Bible or equivalent religious text, swear to: "Well and truly try the case and give a true verdict according to the evidence". The law on juries is governed by the Juries Act 1974, as amended by the Criminal Justice Act 1988 and the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994. Qualification for jury service is attainable if a person meets the following criteria: i. Their name appears on the electoral register; i.e. they are eligible to vote ii. They are aged between 18 &70 iii. They have been resident in the UK for 5 years since they since they were 13 However, these rules have not always governed selection. Prior to 1972 selection was based solely on the size of the property that a person lived in, and whether the individual owned or leased that

  • Word count: 1547
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Law
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marketing mix analysis

Main Aspects of Marketing Mix (100) The easiest way to understand the main aspects of marketing is through its more famous synonym of "4Ps of Marketing". The classification of four Ps of marketing was first introduced and suggested by McCarthy (1960), and includes marketing strategies of product, price, placement and promotion. The following diagram is helpful in determining the main ingredients of the four Ps in a marketing mix. Product In simpler terms, product includes all features and combination of goods and related services that a company offers to its customers. So the Airbusproduct includes its body parts such as the engine, nut bolts, seats, etc along with its after-sales services and all are included in the product development strategy of the Airbus. However, a serious criticism can be raised here in terms of how marketing mix analysis will cater for companies such as ABN Amro Bank, Natwest Bank, British Airways and Fedex Corporation as they don't possess tangible products. It was argued that is it feasible to omit service-oriented companies with the logic that the term "services" does not start with a "P", however, it was asserted that these companies can use the terminology of "service products" under marketing mix strategy making (Kotler & Armstrong, 2004). Lazer (1971) argued that product is the most important aspect of marketing mix for two main reasons.

  • Word count: 944
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Economics
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Comparison Between Poems 'My Last Duchess' and 'Porphyria's Lover'

Comparison Between Poems 'My Last Duchess' and 'Porphyria's Lover' Robert Browning's poems 'My Last Duchess' and 'Porphyria's Lover' were both written in the form of a dramatic monoloque, meaning that the narrator is also the protagonist. Both poems show a similarity because they are narrated from a male's point of view. Even though the Duke is talking to a emissary in 'My Last Duchess', it is still a monoloque, just a monoloque within a dialoque. Since the poems are written in this manner, the reader can become more involved in the male's very strong emotions. Both poems are also written out with no stanzas, indicating the insanity of the two males with no actual structure to the poem. Between the two poems there are four mian characters, with the two male protagonists only speaking. Between the two of them there is a huge difference, one is a Duke, coming from a wealthy background, only getting the best assets in life, while the other protagonist is a handsome low class man, who is like a male prostitute for Porphyria. Both men are clearly from different backgrounds and it is shown by their behaviour, not just by the way they look. The Duke is very arrogant and a show off, everything that he has is the best and he has to show it off. The portrait he has of his Last Duchess was painted by the best, by "Frá Pandolf's hands". Porphyria's Lover is the opposite of this and is

  • Word count: 1022
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: English
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Is Jekyll and Hyde just a gothic horror story or does it have something to say about human nature?

Is Jekyll And Hyde Just A Gothic Horror Story Or Does It Have Something To Say About Human Nature? 'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde' by Robert Louis Stevenson is a typical Gothic horror story in the way the novel is written and described. Some people may disagree with this statement because in the Cambridge guide to English literature, Gothic fiction is described as - a type of novel or romance popular in the late 18th and early 19th century and the word 'Gothic' had come to mean 'wild' 'barbarous' and 'crude'. Gothic novels were usually set in the past and in foreign countries, they took place in monasteries, castles and dungeons. Plots hinged on suspense and mystery often involving the supernatural. Having read the statement and also 'Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde' some parts of the statement do not agree with the novel, for example, the novel is set in London and there are no castles or dungeons. Where as in Dracula by Bram Stoker and also Frankenstein by Mary Shelley are both set in foreign countries and also in mysterious locations - Dracula being set in a castle and Frankenstein in a laboratory. To deal with human nature Stevenson discusses the ideas of Charles Darwin. Around the 19th century Charles Darwin began to write theories of animals and evolution, Stevenson was obviously influenced by these ideas and uses them to describe one of the main characters - Mr Hyde. Stevenson

  • Word count: 1293
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: English
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To study the action of a buffer solution

EXPERIMENT ( 14 ) Topic : To study the action of a buffer solution Introduction : In this experiment, you are to compare the effects of adding small amounts of acid and alkali to buffered and unbuffered solutions of the same pH. You are provided with a buffer solution designed to maintain a pH of 7.0 at 25OC and some pure water which, if it is pure enough, should also have a pH of 7.0 at 25OC. To samples of these 2 liquids, you add small measured amounts of 0.1M NaOH and 0.1M HCl, measuring the pH at each addition. By comparing the pH changes in the 2 solutions, you can demonstrate the action of a buffer solution. Chemicals : 0.1M HCl(aq) , 0.1M NaOH(aq) , Distilled water , Buffer solution (pH 7.0) , Pure water (freshly-boiled distilled water) Procedures : Part A : Effect of NaOH on pH of buffer solution (pre-set at pH 7) . Fill a burette with 0.1M NaOH. 2. Using a measuring cylinder, put 25 cm3 of the buffer solution in a 50 cm3 beaker. 3. Rinse the pH meter electrode with distilled water from a wash-bottle, and put it into the beaker, making sure that the glass bulb is completely immersed. Set the meter to read 7.0 . 4. Place the beaker under the burette containing NaOH and, making sure the alkali does not fall directly on to the electrode, add 1 drop of 0.1M NaOH. Stir gently to ensure thorough mixing & record the pH in Table 1. 5. Add more NaOH to make

  • Word count: 1611
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Science
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What, if anything was new about 'New Liberalism'?

What, if anything was new about 'New Liberalism' The 1906 election is seen as a turning point for the liberal party. The unprecedented amount of social legislation brought in with this new government is often attributed to new liberalism. But there has been much debate about how new 'new liberalism' was and how different it was to old liberalism. The extent to which new liberalism was new and the consequences of new liberalism during the 1906-1914 government requires an analysis of old and new liberal ideas and actions. To fully analyse this problem it is important to see in what context 'new liberalism' emerged. The dynamic new German Empire proved how social reform did not mean economic collapse. Soon it was becoming apparent that the old laissez faire approach to government was becoming outdated. It was soon becoming clear that it was more the responsibility of the government to tackle social issues rather than the citizen. The work of Booth Rowntree had highlighted the problems of the poor. The difficulty in getting enough fit working class men to fight in the Boer war had created a debate over national efficiency. The change in foreign policy adopted by Britain after the war showed Britain as being insecure, showing the need for more able bodied men. In this way 'new liberalism' can be seen only as a response to growing social problems and the insecurities of the

  • Word count: 968
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Politics
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Immigration Policy in the United States

Immigration Policy in the United States Over 60 million people have immigrated to the United States since 1600, from all over the earth, making this country more multicultural than any other. There are many reasons why people have migrated to the United States of America. Groups of people, families, or individuals sometimes leave their country by their own will because of undesired events such as: religious persecution; war; harsh economic conditions; harsh environmental conditions; disease; or genocide. At other times, they might be taken from their country involuntarily, such as in the case of slavery. Those migrants who come on their own will are often seeking better jobs, freedom, or preservation of their lives. Getting into the United States is not easy, and depending on the politics of the time, there has been an array of difficulties. History will show America's inconsistencies in Immigration policies, but the people of the world still flock to America, and when they come undocumented, problems can arise. In order to regulate newcomers, the first federal immigration authority was formed in 1891--the Superintendent of Immigration, under the Treasury Department. While this was the first formal agent to regulate immigration, there had been many other ways that immigrants had been regulated before this. First, came the Alien Act of 1798. This act granted the President the

  • Word count: 2507
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Law
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Health Related Fitness Cardiovascular Fitness - This is to do with the heart and blood vessels providing oxygen to working muscles

Adam Garner 11A Health Related Fitness Cardiovascular Fitness - This is to do with the heart and blood vessels providing oxygen to working muscles for long periods of time. Having an advantage in this component of HRF allows a person to train and compete for longer without getting tired or out of breath. Footballers are good examples of sportspeople that need this ability. Flexibility - The range of movement around a joint. This allows performers to carry out the correct techniques, performances and decreases the risk of injury. Gymnasts need this component of HRF. Somatotype - This is describing the person's body shape on a scale of 1-7. The 3 types of somatotypes are Endomorph ( dumpy wide hips, ) Mesomorph ( high proportion of muscle ) and Ectomorph ( thin and slim hips ) The type of your body can effect the choice of sport or your ability to perform to the best in a specific sport. For example a 20 stone man built for a prop in rugby couldn't take up horse racing and be as successful as a 9 stone man built for horse riding. Muscular Strength - The amount of force and muscle a person is able to exert against any type of resistance. Boxers and weightlifters are good examples of sports people that would need this component of HRF for their sport. Muscular Endurance - The ability of the muscles to contract and relax continuously over long periods of time. Bikers are

  • Word count: 473
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Merchant of Venice - Do you sympathise with Shylock? Consider the presentation of his character and the way he is treated by Venetian Society.

Merchant of Venice Essay Do you sympathise with Shylock? Consider the presentation of his character and the way he is treated by Venetian Society. Shakespeare was a playwright in the 17th Century. He was born on the 23rd April, 1564, in Stratford-on-Avon, England and died the same day and same place in 1616. He lived comfortably with his family until he was 13. He father was involved in local affairs. He married at the age of 18 to Anne Hathaway who was possible pregnant. He attended Stratford-on-Avon's Grammar School. His father's financial problems forced Shakespeare to leave school when he was 13. He never attended a college and later became an actor in London at the age of 22. Shakespeare's most major accomplishes were Romeo and Juliet (1594-95), Julius Caesar (1599), Hamlet (1600), Macbeth (1605-06) and of course the 36 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 narrative poems that he wrote. Shakespeare owned the Globe Theatre in London; he was the most popular writer of his own age. Many people consider him to be the most gifted writer of all time and many of his phrases have been entered into the English Language. In this essay we are going to look at one of Shakespeare's most popular plays; The Merchant of Venice which was written between 1594 and 1596 in the Elizabethan Period. The play is a tragic-comedy written in his second period. It is set in Venice in the late 15th century.

  • Word count: 634
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: English
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