Comparison of Presidents Harry Truman, Dwight Eisenhower and Lyndon Johnson

Three presidents, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and Lyndon B. Johnson, through combined efforts, were able to make a major impact on the advancement of civil rights in the United States. Although they all contributed on various levels and in various ways, the influence each of them had on the nation eventually led to the creation of the civil rights all American's have today. Harry S. Truman After the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman took over the presidency in 1945, and was eventually elected to a second term in 1948. Although he is not particularly famous for his contributions to the Civil Rights Movement, Truman actually had a major impact on civil rights in the sense that he proposed many laws promoting desegregation and raised national awareness of the problems with discrimination due to race, gender and religion. Through his speeches directed U.S. citizens, addresses to Congress, and actions through executive orders, Harry S. Truman made a great effort towards improving the Civil Rights of American citizens. Truman's greatest impacts on civil rights came as a result of his domestic program, the Fair Deal. This program, which was influenced by Roosevelt's New Deal, was made to "guarantee economic opportunity and social stability"1 for the citizens of the United States, including minority groups. In a 1947, Truman made a speech regarding

  • Word count: 3608
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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To what extent was President Lyndon B. Johnson responsible for the escalation of the war in Vietnam? (1963-1969)

Historical Investigation To what extent was President Lyndon B. Johnson responsible for the escalation of the war in Vietnam? (1963-1969) A. Plan of investigation The particular question this investigation will be addressing is: "To what extent was Johnson solely responsible for escalating the was in Vietnam?" The focus of the sources used in answering this question looks at the policies and documents passed regarding American involvement in the war as well as evidence regarding military strategies and who was responsible for their creation and application. To analyze the true scale of the escalation of the war I will be looking at statistics and reports. Finally, I will address the assumption that the escalation of the war in Vietnam to the extent that it happened was intentional - therefore I will analyze at personal diary entries and memoirs of President Johnson, as well as letters and recorded conversations between him and his advisors, also taking into consideration social and political pressures that may have affected the situation. B. Summary of Evidence - Kennedy's decision to commit in Southeast Asia was rooted in the American pledge to battle and contain communism: and "Vietnam", Kennedy concluded, "is the place to make [America's] power credible"1. - "If freedom is to be saved, we need a whole new kind of strategy, a wholly different kind of force, and a

  • Word count: 2980
  • Level: International Baccalaureate
  • Subject: History
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Analysis of Vietnam Renunciation Speech - Lyndon B. Johnson General: The Vietnam Renunciation Speech was a speech given by former American president Lynd

Analysis of Vietnam Renunciation Speech - Lyndon B. Johnson General: The Vietnam Renunciation Speech was a speech given by former American president Lyndon B. Johnson on the 31st of March 1968. It was a rather long speech of in total 4158 words. For this reason I have chosen a shorter passage of only 608 words, which I will analyse into more detail. The passage consists of 10 paragraphs varying in length - the shortest being the first statement of only 5 words, and the longest comprising of 101 words. Short sentences were used - often subsequent a longer explanatory paragraph - when necessary to emphasize an important point. The content of the speech clearly points out its political intent. Almost no poetic or figurative language is used. However emphasis is put on informing and motivating the Americans, in order for them to regain their lost support for the war and reunite for the "survival and success of liberty". Repetition is scarcely used. Only in a few cases does Lyndon Johnson use repetitive statements to emphasize his point. He more often uses short precise informative and motivational sentences as compared to Martin Luther King Jr.'s more emotional and figurative sentence structure in "I Have a Dream." Chronological Commentary: The first sentence of this particular passage informs the citizens of America that "there will be peace in Southeast Asia." This is a

  • Word count: 1889
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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The importance of Lyndon Johnson in bringing about Civil Rights.

Lyndon Baines Johnson- how important was he in bringing about civil rights? Rory Sheridan Lyndon Baines Johnson (27th August 1908- 22nd January 1973), was the 36th president of the United States of America. Historians have mixed opinions on Johnson. Although he is generally blamed for getting America into Vietnam, Johnson also passed some landmark legislation- more than any other president in the history of the United States. In order to judge the importance of Johnson in bringing about civil rights, I will compare him to President Kennedy, President Nixon, Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, the grassroots movement, and Black Power, and then use my own judgement to make a balanced conclusion about his effectiveness in bringing about civil rights. Many people argue that Lyndon Baines Johnson was very effective in bringing about Civil Rights during his time as president. He passed a huge amount of landmark legislation, most notably the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the 1965 Voting Rights Act, Medicare and Medicaid, all of which advanced the civil rights of all Americans, not just African-Americans. The 1964 Civil Rights Act was introduced by President Kennedy before his assassination, but was never pushed through Congress until Johnson was sworn in. In his infamous first speech as president, Johnson said, “no memorial oration or eulogy could more eloquently honour President

  • Word count: 3442
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Compare the contributions of Martin Luther King and Lyndon B Johnson to the gaining of black civil rights in 1964/5.

Compare the contributions of Martin Luther King and Lyndon B Johnson to the gaining of black civil rights in 1964/5 Both Martin Luther King and President Johnson played significant roles in the coming about of civil rights for African Americans. The two men in different ways were pivotal in the signing of civil rights legislation in 1964 and 65. Martin Luther king grew to prominence in 1955 are grew to be a great black leader. He was an effective organiser, exemplary speaker and a highly skilled motivator. He was able to articulate the feelings and frustrations of the black community in a clear, intellectual and persuasive manner. Through his work King was able to highlight the plight of black people in America, and led many to see the need for full civil rights for African Americans. One person to see this need was Lyndon Johnson who passed the civil rights acts of 1964; he effectively destroyed his political career to aid the lives of Black people. Martin Luther king evidently contributed a great deal to the civil rights movement and ultimately to the federal legislation signed in 1964. King was of great importance to the civil rights movement, he stepped in at a time where it is arguable the movement had lost a sense of direction. He provided the vital link between the black civil rights leadership and the less educated African American member of society, something that

  • Word count: 1445
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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Cold War Study Guide - Compare/contrast the Vietnam War policies of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon.

Name Grace Ives Cold War Study Guide #3 Directions: Please prep 3 questions with at least 3/4 page of bullet points per question. Prepare each question on a separate page. Be sure to include relevant quotations and statistics (with citations) from your readings. . Compare/contrast the Vietnam War policies of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon. LYNDON JOHNSON Operation Rolling Thunder - During Lyndon Johnson's presidency, he tried to limit the US' involvement in Vietnam to please the American public, but he found that in order to win the war, he would have to increase the number of troops sent to Vietnam. - Lyndon Johnson's presidency oversaw the vietnam escalation. - Lyndon Johnson conducted a US mission called, "Operation Rolling Thunder". Operation Rolling Thunder was an air force mission led by the US army in which there was relentless bombing on North Vietnam. The objective was to essentially boost the weakening morale of Southern Vietnam, and to weaken North Vietnam in hopes to end the war. - Kennedy describes operation rolling thunder as "regular full-scale bombing attacks against North Vietnam" (Kennedy 991) - Johnson sent over hundreds and thousands of troops, but tried to keep the US' increasing involvement with Vietnam as secret. - The initial focus of the increased number of US troops was to protect the US airbases in South Vietnam. Gulf

  • Word count: 2468
  • Level: International Baccalaureate
  • Subject: History
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Johnson and Johnson Company Profile and Revenue.

COMPANY PROFILE Assignment #1 By Angela BUS 1000 Johnson & Johnson was founded in 1886 when three brothers, Robert Wood Johnson, James Wood Johnson, and Edward Mead Johnson combined their separate businesses into one medical product company. Robert was in the apothecary business, and James and Edward produced medical products. In 1887, the brothers entered the surgical dressing industry by founding Johnson & Johnson and made their company incorporated. They first began producing products such as plasters with medicinal compounds in the adhesive, a soft absorbent cotton and gauze. They gained a good reputation in 1888, when they publish Modern Methods of Antiseptic Wound Treatment. Ever since the company began, it pursued diversification. In 1891, they formed their own bacteriology lab to better study the problems of airborne germs. Edward Johnson's interest in childhood nutrition lead him to leave the company he and his brothers made and make his own company that concentrated on baby formula, Mead Johnson, in 1897. In 1919, James Johnson and Robert Johnson made their company go international and it expanded to Canada. In the 1920's Johnson & Johnson added consumer products to their business interest route. In the year of 1921, the Band-aid, Johnson's Baby Cream, and many other products such as the Johnson and Johnson's Baby Powder were created. They got their first

  • Word count: 1061
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Business and Administrative studies
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Analysis of Johnson Music

Analysis Background of company Johnson Music (JMusic) was founded in 1901 at its current premises as a guitar shop. It specialised in trading in old guitars, refurbishing them and selling them on. At first the company had very few customers, but gradually grew. By 1910 the company had reasonable success, and started selling guitars directly from manufacturers. The founder, George Johnson, noticed that some guitar brands didn't sell very well, and others did. One guitar brand that did sell well was Ibanez guitars. The company gradually started selling more Ibanez guitars, becoming more successful for the company. In 1950 the shop stopped selling all guitars other than Ibanez guitars and became a dedicated Ibanez dealer. The company soon moved on from guitars and started selling more than that, including pedals, amplifiers and bass guitars. This is how the company currently stands. Johnson music is owned by George Johnson, the son of the founder of the company. Its current location is: Johnson Music 7 Churchgate Bolton BL1 1HU UK. The shop has two floors. One floor stores bass guitars and bass amplifiers, as well as bass effects pedals. The second floor stores guitars and guitar amplifiers as well as guitar effects pedals. The shop has two storage rooms: one upstairs and one downstairs. Downstairs stores all bass guitar products and upstairs stores all guitar products.

  • Word count: 9304
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Computer Science
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Business Studies Case Study: Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Company

Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Company Below are the rations which I used to evaluate my company: Probability Return on Capital Employed - 34% Gross Profit Margin - 70.91% Net Profit Margin - 23.8% Liquidity Current Ratio or Current Assets Ratio - 1.71 Acid Test - 1.4:1 Efficiency Debtor Days or Trade Debtor - 70 days Stock Turnover - 3.39 times The first factor which I evaluated was the return on capital employed regarding the profability of my company. After completing the formula, I was told that my company had 34%. This is a very good factor of my company because generally, the higher this number is, the better it means your company is doing in this aspect. The advantage of this ratio is that it related profit to the size of the business. The next factor which I evaluated was the gross profit margin of my selected company, which shows the gross profit made on sales turnover. For Johnson and Johnson in the year 2003, this was 70.91%. This is also a very encouraging factor of the company, because a higher profit margin is preferred. This is also the case with the Net Profit Margin, which is 23.8%. This shows that this company is in good control of their overheads. In most aspects, higher profit margins a much better than lower ones, and in almost all aspects, Johnson and Johnson

  • Word count: 661
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Business Studies
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Potentialproblems president Johnson could face by sending troops to Vietnam.

Potential problems president Johnson could face by sending troops to Vietnam. The Vietnam War began in 1955 and ended in 1975. American involvement in Vietnam was limited, and training the South Vietnamese army was important. Kennedy increased the number of "military advisors" from about 800 to 16,000; however, this was done primarily as a show of strength to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Tensions eased between the two superpowers in the spring, summer, and autumn of 1963, Kennedy announced plans to withdraw forces from South Vietnam, starting with around a thousand men by the end of 1963. Within a few weeks of Kennedy's death, newly appointed President Johnson almost ignored the withdrawal plan and began sending more troops to Vietnam. On August 2, 1964, North Vietnamese patrol boats fired on the U.S. destroyer Maddox in the Gulf of Tonkin, and, after President Johnson alleged that there had been a second attack on August 4 (a claim later shown to be false) the U.S. Congress endorsed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, permitting LBJ to take "all necessary measures to repel attacks and prevent further aggression." The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in effect gave the president carte blanche to wage war in Southeast Asia without Congressional approval. This marked the beginning of full-scale American involvement in the Vietnam War. When Johnson left office in January 1969,

  • Word count: 1112
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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