Human Geography Revision Notes - population patterns and changes.
Geography - Human Revision The distribution of global population Reasons for area being sparsely populated - Countries with unstable government tend to have lower population densities as people migrate, e.g. Afghanistan Human - Limited job opportunities causes some areas to be sparsely populated because people leave the area, e.g. Amazon Rainforest Human - High land that is mountainous and inhospitable makes people leave the area because you can't grow crops and you can't build roads. Physical - Areas with extreme climate of hot or cold tend to be sparsely populated because you cannot grow crops and this major problem relating to starvation. Physical - Areas with few resources tend to be sparsely populated , e.g. The Sahel Physical Reasons for area being densely populated - Countries with stable governments tend to have high population density, e.g Singapore Human - Low land which is flat is good for farming therefore allows better growth of crops, e.g Ganges Valley in India Physical - Areas with temperate climates tend to be densely populated as there is enough rain and heat to grow crops, e.g UK Physical - Good job opportunities encourage high population densities in large cities in HICS e.g New York and LICS (Nairobi) around the world. Human - Areas rich in resources (e.g coal or oil) tend to be densely populated, e.g France Physical Birth rate: the number of
Assess the causes and consequences of changes in the UK population
Assess the causes and consequences of changes in the UK population (24) A number of things have affected the population of the UK in the past, including the changing of the birth, death, and fertility rate, the increase of migration, and the higher life expectancy we enjoy. These changes have greatly influenced the way we live in the UK and the types of people living here, with higher diversity than in the past. Our population continues to grow but it has not always been for the same reasons. Up until the 1950's and 60's, natural changes such as there being more births than deaths was the main reason for the increase but then from the 1980's onwards net migration (numbers of immigration exceed numbers of emigration) has largely contributed to the rising numbers. This change has been shown in statistics such as in the 50's natural changes accounted for 98% of population change and net migration just 2% but between 2001 and 2004, net migration accounted for two thirds of the increase. There were 34% less births in 2004 than in 1901 and 21% fewer than in 1971, however the decline in the birth rate did not gradually decrease, it took twists and turns during the two world wars. During the First World War there was a decrease in the birth rate due to a high percentage of men fighting overseas, and then after the war had finished there was a baby boom when they all came out, with
Changes to the UK population. Changes to the population age structure in the UK have been caused by social and economic factors. The social factors affecting the population age include healthcare, lifestyle, education and migration.
Changes to the population age structure in the UK have been caused by social and economic factors. The social factors affecting the population age include healthcare, lifestyle, education and migration. The National Health Service was established in 1948, the NHS offer free healthcare to everybody, this service includes an accident and emergency department and vaccinations against serious diseases. The availability of healthcare to more people has increased life expectancy. The changes that UK citizens have made to their lifestyle has also increased their life expectancy. The government now make sure that they advertise the risks associated with alcohol, cigarettes and certain types of food. The EU health and safety laws also regulate most hazardous aspects of people's lives; seat belts must be worn, restaurants must be hygienic and buildings must have fire exits. Globalisation has caused most manufacturing and dangerous jobs like mining to move overseas. There are now more people in the UK working in almost risk free office environment, this has again increased life expectancy. Sex education has now become compulsory to teach in British schools, this means that teenagers are more aware of the risk of underage sex and early pregnancy. In 1961 oral contraceptive pills became legal, this was followed by abortion becoming legal. In 1980 the AIDS awareness campaign resulted
Describe how the total population changes throughout the different stages of the demographic transition model
Describe how the total population changes throughout the different stages of the demographic transition model (6 marks) In stage one we can see that the total population is very low of around five million and this is due to high death rates, low life expectancy and high infant mortality rates. The birth rate is also very high however the number of people dying is obviously slightly quicker or more prolific than birth rates. The low infant mortality rates which affect total population are because the children are sent to work at a very young age to support their families and this can cause life threatening illnesses as the stress maybe to much for the infant to bear. The places in stage one are likely to be remote communities which survive in a sustainable way and live off the land mostly forcing more physical hard labour work. Stages 2 and 3 are slightly more developed probably because there are more people and slightly more advances in something like technologies or services. However these countries still show that there is a severe lack of control over population. There is a rapid rise in the total population from six to twenty million that is a difference of fourteen million people in stage two. In stage three the stage that represents an NIC(Newly industrialised country) as the total population is still rising rapidly as birth rates fall rapidly and death rates fall
Outline the key changes that have taken place in the population, economic and social structure of London.
Outline the key changes that have taken place in the population, economic and social structure of London. Introduction In this assignment I am going to outline key changes that have taken place within London. I will highlight key issues and problems that have occurred within this city over the last twenty years. These consist of the population, and the economic and social structure of London. London’s Population Over the last twenty years London's population has been growing. The population of London has increased by hundreds of thousands especially over the last ten years. According to James Simmie London’s population has increased by approximately one Manchester in population terms (i.e. about 500,000 - equivalent to the City of Manchester population in 2011). The City of London has seen the biggest percentage increase in population especially between mid-2005 and mid-2010 this is displayed in the table below. One of the key changes that have enhanced London’s population is Immigration. This city has ameliorated due to international immigration. Nearly one quarter of London accounts for individual’s from outside of the United Kingdom. Migration from abroad has also played a key long-term role in London as a whole. During the last 20 years, the foreign-born population has amplified from 1 to 2 million. London has certainly figured prominently in the upsurge of
Population changes in France. The effects of rising life expectancy and immigration.
Cultural life plan analysis Chadi Hamidi Homework due to the 5th of January 2011-M. D'Souza 2nde2 First of all, it seems necessary to mention that this study has been made upon students of the EABJM which is a private school in the top rankings of Paris's best school results, therefore we can deduce, if not be certain, that this school is composed in majority of upper class people, because good results are partly influenced by good financial support of educational activities and paying for schooling would more often be decided by people that are more likely to be highly ranked in society as far as education could be free in an ordinary public school. ) Life expectancy / retirement On the other hand, the same questions have been asked to the class teacher which is actually a worker for the French state that has a monthly salary of about 2 700 €. These results could help us compare and analyse social class differences to indentify more easily some issues that could happen in the future in French society; even though the results obtained with the teacher would be more personal as on the other side we have a more general idea based on 27 students. By using the results of these studies, we will try to bring out solutions to some problems that could take place in future French society. As technology and medical research is developing at an incredible speed, human
Population change
Population change Historical background: until recently, European was bearly able to sustain itself (carrying capacity concept). Frequent famines, plagues etc. Ensure that population growth was slow before early modern period (say, mid-18th century). In 14th century (Black Death) population actually decreased by 25-33% in nearly all parts of Europe. In fact, pandemics of bubonic plague continued in various places until the 17th century (Italy 1657). In Ireland there were major outbreaks of famine and cholera until well into the 19th century. Modern rise of population begins after 1700s and is without precedent after 1740s. Rates of growth themselves increased until early 20th c. Essence: great and sustained fall in mortality high birth rates for sustained period Consequence: large excess of births over deaths during much of period 1750-1900, producing high natural increase. High out-migration (thus partially defeating Malthus' predictions) Peak: late 19c. With growth rates of 1 - 1.5% p.a. Emigration started in north-east Europe and moved in wave towards south-east as effects of agricultural change (but there was no "agricultural revolution") and industrialisation were brought home. Exception: France, where population growth was much less rapid than elsewhere, from early in the 19th c. French emigration was thus very low. Why? Changes in agriculture,
Yeast Population
How Does Various Amounts of Sugar Affect the Yeast Population in 24 Hours? Kevin Schulze 2/28/2011 IB SL Biology Mr. McGuire Introduction Yeast is a unicellular organism and some of them are used for the making of. Fermentative yeast use sugars and convert them into carbon dioxide and alcohol to produce and create energy. With this energy they reproduce themselves asexually, and so the yeast population consists of both life and death, just like our population. Objective The objective of this experiment is to see the relationship between population and food, in this case, sugar. Research Question I will investigate how each amount of sugar relatively changes the yeast population in 24 hours. Hypothesis My hypothesis is that the yeast population will increase as the amount of sugar increases because reproduction will require energy and sugar is energy for the yeast. However, there will be a point where it hits the limit, as you can see on a S-Curve graph, and so there will be a point where it doesn't increase as much. Variables Independent Variables The independent variable in this experiment was the amount of sugar, used as the food energy of the yeast population. The different amounts of sugar that will be used in this experiment will be, 0g, 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g and 5g. This is the independent variable because this is the variable that will be altered, while the
Geography - Population
Geography homework The population began, in terms of what the population numbers are now, at virtually nothing. These people where hunters and gatherers and lived about the time 9000bc. All these people survived by getting all their food by either finding fruit or killing animals. Unfortunately, this required a lot of walking so they never stayed in the same place for very long. As a result, many babies starved to death because their parents couldn't feed them enough, this is why the population was low. 2000 years later, in 7000bc came along the very first farmers arrived and domesticated animals. This meant that man, for the first time ever could stay in one place without going in search of food. Man then began sewing seeds into the ground and creating fields. They also managed to domesticate animals. This meant that instead of traveling maybe 100s of miles in search of meat they could just get a herd of sheep and keep them for whenever they were hungry. In doing this they had a definite supply of food so more babies were living through their childhood years. Next came the agricultural revolution. This was a great time because, although the people had found a way of staying in one place and still feeding them-selves it was still a lot of work for people. About this time someone invented the seed drill. As a result of this instead of taking 10 to 15 people to sew the seeds
Australia's population
Dear Mr. Turnbull Views about the ideal future size of Australia's population vary significantly. Some economists and politicians believe that Australia could support a population of 25-30 million. They argue that population growth will result in resource creation and economic growth and that technology will be able to overcome the environmental problems created by any increase in population. In contrast, some scientists and ecologists argue that a population closer to 8-10 million would be more ecologically sustainable. They believe that population growth will only worsen the problems of resource depletion, water availability and quality, land degradation, pollution and habitat loss. Australia has little chance of altering its population growth rate by natural means (that is, changes in birth and death rates) in the near future, but it can decide on the number of immigrants allowed to enter the country. Without an immigration intake Australia's population would grow very slowly and may even start to decline. Economists argue that this would limit Australia's economic potential and result in a decline in living standards. The projected growth in Australia's population presents a number of challenges. These include the implications of any growth for ecological sustainability and the demands that growth will place on urban planning. many people argue that Australia cannot