What is Change Management
What is Change Management? Organizational change can be described as the process of moving away from a current condition to realize some future state. Change management involves managing the process of achieving this future state. 1 (Nickols, 2004) Change can be viewed from two vantage points, that of the people making the changes and that of the people experiencing the changes. 2 In the top-down, or strategic viewpoint associated with management, the focus is on technical issues such as the investment required, the processes for implementing the change, how soon the change can be realized, and the outcome. In the bottom-up viewpoint of the employee, the focus is on what the change means to the individual, how they can cope with the change, and also how management can assist them through the transition. In this context, effective change management should be able to help individuals evolve from negative feelings such as fear and anxiety towards positive feelings about the changes being made. 3 Effective change management deals with diagnosing problems and determining an alternative that involves changing the organizational structure or processes. It also identifies and deals with the individual responses to change that can hinder the success of the project. To understand change management better, we need to understand the various models and strategies that managers
Rights of employees and employers. .
Rights and responsibilities of employers and employees. When a person applies for a job at Tesco, if they get the job they are than an employee of Tesco. They will then have several expectations of Tesco in the same way as Tesco will have expectations of them. Some of the things that Tesco will expect from their employees are; to arrive to their workplace on time, be a willing worker (try the best they can at their job), be prepared to learn new skills, be sociable with employers, other employees and customers, meet the health and safety regulations of Tesco, to obey the terms and conditions that are in their contract of employment and to take good care of Tesco's equipment and property. Tesco's employees will be expected to follow Tesco's standard procedures, for example notify the employer if they are going to be away sick. All these things are things that Tesco rely on their employees doing in order to run Tesco smoothly. Tesco also have responsibilities. They are; to behave in a reasonable way towards employees, to explain Tesco's aims and objectives to the employees so that they can work towards them, to offer the appropriate training to employees, to implement equal opportunities at work, to comply with health and safety regulations, to calculate employees pay and to carry out reasonable and lawful instructions. Tesco produce a contract of employment for all their
Total Quality Management
Table of Contents Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Part 1: Literature Review 3 : Understanding Quality 4 .1 What is Quality? 5 .2 Understanding quality chains 6 .3 Quality starts with marketing 7 .4 Quality in all functions 8 .5 Managing processes 8 .6 The concept of total quality management (TQM) 10 2: Core Concepts of Total Quality Management 11 2.1 Continuous Improvement 12 2.2 Customer Orientation 13 2.3 Defect prevention 15 2.4 Universal Responsibilities 16 2.5 Techniques and Methodologies 17 3: Control Processes 27 3.1 What is a process? 28 3.2 Quality Control 28 4: Cost of Quality 30 4.1 Quality Cost 31 4.2 Prevention Costs: 32 4.3 Appraisal Costs 33 4.4 Failure Costs 33 5: Measuring Quality 36 5.1 Why measure quality? 37 5.2 What to measure 37 5.3 How to measure 38 5.4 Benchmarking 40 6: Implementation Of Total Quality Management 42 6.1 The Eight Elements of TQM 43 Part 2: Field Study 46 Chapter 1: Methodology 47 Chapter 2: Data Analysis 49 Chapter 3: Findings 86 Conclusion 89 Recommendations 90 References 91 Appendix 1 92 Appendix 2 97 Abstract Total Quality Management is one of the most important and exciting new fields of study in the science of business management. It has been initially conceived in the 50's. It has not been really recognized for its real importance until much later in the 80's, when it was widely applied by
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Introduction Supply Chain Management is increasingly becoming an important aspect of any company's strive for efficiency and cost saving. Unfortunately, many of today's managers have misinterpreted the term to only withhold the activity of good management of suppliers. However, for a company to be cost efficient and productive the concept of supply chain management has to be thoroughly understood and the savings and risk reductions stemming from it have to be acknowledged. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is increasingly used as the new "buzz word" and managers proclaim its importance in business success. However, research has shown that although the majority of purchase managers may believe it to be of great importance, firms are not as committed to the concept as them might lead others to believe (Spekman, Kamauff and Myhr 1998, Tan, Kannan, Handfield and Ghosh 1999 and Smock, 2003). This pm will offer an introduction to the topic and present possible reasons for why the managers are "talking the talk, but not walking the walk". The Concept of Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management refers to the process of how products are designed, sourced through an often-complex network, manufactured and distributed from raw material to the end customer (Smock, 2003). Uncertainty Uncertainty leads to increased inventory and costs, which could be invested in other projects
House of Quality Coursework:'Buying a PC at PC World Fulham'.
BA Business and Quality Management Quality By Design House of Quality Coursework: 'Buying a PC at PC World Fulham' David Wright Background PC World is a PC retailer that sells to both domestic and business customers in the UK. It is owned by Dixons Stores Group (DSG) and is the group's PC specialist. PC World operates mainly in retail parks where customers can walk, use public transport or drive to the stores. They supply PCs, printers and accessories plus a large selection of software and other peripherals. PC World operates within a high volume, low price market with a wide target market. The Process The process of 'buying a PC at a PC World Fulham' is a process which occurs many times each day at every store and the way in which this process is carried out has a major impact on the productivity of each individual store. The process itself starts as soon as a customer walks through the door of the store and ends once the product has been paid for. A productive sale can result in increased revenue and increased profitability which is important to the employees, management and the company as a whole. The process is not simply a matter of leaving the store having paid for a computer, the customer must feel that they have received value and are satisfied with the whole sales process. In order to identify what the customer requirements are and how operating requirements
Organizations must follow four basic functions of management. The four functions of management; planning, organizing, leading, and controlling are the fundamental tools essential for management to utilized
Four Functions of Management Chase Dodson University of Phoenix Management: Theory, Practice, Application MGT / 330 Mr. Cornell McGee December 12, 2005 Four Functions of Management The American Heritage Dictionary defines management as the act, manner or practice of managing, supervising, or controlling. In addition, management is the process of working with people and resources to accomplish organizational goals (Bateman et al, 2004). Managers are the individuals who plan, organize, lead, and control the activities of the organization so that its goals can be achieved. In order for organizations to become or continue to be successful in achieving their goals, management within the organizations must follow four basic functions of management. The four functions of management; planning, organizing, leading, and controlling are the fundamental tools essential for management to utilized for the success of every small or large organization. Planning produces fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide what an organization is, what it does, and why it does it (Supervision - Management Moderns, 1998). The planning stage is the initial stage of the four functions. Planning is specifying the goals to be achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals (Bateman et al, 2004). Planning is important at all levels of management,
A comparative evaluation of the management functions & skills used in CS & City Shoes.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Management Functions & Skills used in CS & City Shoes In my task 2, 4 and 5, I have made some comparison between city shoes and CS with regard to the management functions and skills used in both businesses. Generally, city shoes use a more autocratic style of management, whereas CS uses a democratic approach to their management style. However different situations in the businesses do occur, which can change both companies' management styles according to the situation. For example, if a quick decision needs to be made by both managers, then they will use an autocratic approach so that the situation can be handled efficiently and quickly. If the managers (especially the CS managers who tend to use a democratic style) uses a democratic approach to a quick decision situation, the businesses can miss an opportunity, make a problem even more to worsen or make the businesses inefficient. This can affect the businesses achieving their objectives and it also shows that different situations can change the styles of management that is used in CS and city shoes. When both businesses are planning as a function for their company, they both use similar skills to make their planning effective and efficient. For example, both city shoes and CS would use communication skills to plan for the business because they need to show that they can present
EMPLOYEE RESOURCING - DRAWING ON HISTORICAL ROOTS, DISCUSS HOW WORKING PRACTICES AND PATTERNS HAVE CHANGED AND THE IMPACT THESE CHANGES HAVE HAD ON THE EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP
EMPLOYEE RESOURCING DRAWING ON HISTORICAL ROOTS, DISCUSS HOW WORKING PRACTICES AND PATTERNS HAVE CHANGED AND THE IMPACT THESE CHANGES HAVE HAD ON THE EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP WORD COUNT - 3,045 INTRODUCTION This essay is going to give my views and opinions on how working practices and patterns have changed and the impact these changes have had on the employment relationship. There many areas one could have examined when discussing the employment relationship, perhaps beginning with Taylor and scientific management to work life balance, but for the purpose of this essay, I'm going to begin by briefly looking at some early patterns such as the human relations movement to more current practices like flexible working. EARLY PATTERNS & PRACTICES The human relations movement dominated management thinking until the 1950's and it can be argued that it was a significant influence on the development of modern HRM. The human relations movement promoted the benefits to morale and productivity of a paternalistic style of management in which the worker was to be seen more as a member of the family than as a mere factor of production. Amongst the outcomes were a move to more social facilities surrounding work, the appointment of personnel or welfare officers whose function was to look after the well-being of the labour force, and a move to greater communication and consultation
How a business uses ICT to communicate and operate
C1 For one business describe the different methods of oral and written communication used and describe, with examples, how it uses ICT to communicate and operate. Ikea Oral Ikea use the tannoy system in their store in order to communicate with their employees. They use the tannoy to call the employees to meetings and it is also used to gather the employees in the morning for their daily huddle. These huddles are very useful, and appropriate as they are arranged in order to give out information to the employees, as well as to discuss problems from the previous day and to set targets to overcome these problems from occurring again. At these short meetings employees can voice their concerns about any possible problems and set backs in sales and get a feedback from others on how they could cope with these problems and stop them from occurring. A further example of oral communication in Ikea is the usage of mobile phones, which employees use to communicate with other employees and managers at the store. This is a very appropriate method of communication for the reason that it is helpful because it can be used in the case of an emergency or when you need to get hold of a fellow employee to discuss matters. Having a mobile phone is useful because you can get in touch with fellow employees without having to arrange a meeting. Written A written method of communication which
Customer service at Manchester Airport.
Task C At Manchester airport, they have certain ways that have to run through day in and day out which is to try and satisfy the customers, through aims and objectives that they have set to try and achieve. The ways that they try and satisfy the customers are through their values which they try and anticipate the customer's needs and wants before they ask which pleases customers, this is one way that they try and satisfy tem. Another way is through the staff's behaviour and their body language because they try and act responsible and act in a way which the customers would find appropriate and make them easy to approach if they need help. This is a good way because they are putting their customers first which is good customer service because if they don't then customers will have a sense of dissatisfaction and will tend not to use their facilities again which is bad for business. One of ways that they could improve this is by having aims and objectives especially designed for customer satisfaction because that way if they don't follow them then they know where they are going wrong. In their values they state that customer experience is one of their main values which are good because that way they have thought abut their customers and not just the airport itself. By getting repeat business, they have to produce excellent customer service to those customers that they already
