Nutrition and Food Hygiene

Authors Avatar

GNVQ Health & Social Care Intermediate

Ara Hasratian

Nutrition and Food Hygiene

Unit 4

Introduction:

I had chosen two real persons to interview. They are:

John – 60 years old. He is retired, and has diabetes.

Emma – 6 years old. She attends primary school.

I need to explain accurately the nutritional needs of each client. Then I need to plan suitable menu for one day, using daily recommended daily allowance.

I will also describe the food handling and preparation areas of each care setting chosen, and explain how food can be contaminated, how it can affect the clients.

I need to visit Emma’s primary school canteen, where food is prepared, and served to children.

I already visited to John’s house previously, as my UNIT2 assessment is based on his health and well being.

I need to analyse the legislations which influences food handling and preparation.

I had already recorded John’s datary intake for one day and planned suitable menu for 4 days. I will choose from 4 day dietary plan on day and will demonstrate in this assessment.

I will also spend one day with Emma and record her one day dietary intake.

As I need to record dietary intake of two clients from different settings,

I will chose to record home care setting for John, and educational setting for Emma.

P1

Dietary Reference Value and Nutritional needs of my clients

Energy

  • Energy is needed by the body to stay alive, grow, keep warm and be active.
  • Energy is provided by food and drink. It comes from the fat, carbohydrate, protein and alcohol that they contain. Food and drinks provide different amounts of energy.
  • Different people need different amounts of energy.
  • Some activities use more energy than others.

Energy requirements are related to age, sex, body size and level of activity. On average, boys have slightly higher requirements. By the age of 50 years energy requirements are lower still which is partly due to reduced level of activity.

The energy requirement:

Girls

Age 4-6                6700 kJ

Energy requirements continue to increase till the age of 19, then it starts to decrease slowly.

Men

Age 55+                10600 kJ

At this age the energy need is much less, which is due to reduced level of activity.

The energy in the diet is provided by carbohydrate, protein, fat and alcohol. The amount of energy made available to the body by each of these varies. A gram of carbohydrate (starch or sugar) provides 16kJ (3.75 kcal), protein provides 17kJ (4 kcal) per gram, fat provides 37kJ (9 kcal) per gram and alcohol provides 29kJ (7 kcal) per gram.

John is overweight. People who are overweight should lose weight by using their fat stores to provide energy and increasing their energy output. This means eating less and increasing their physical activity.

Emma is average and she doesn’t need to loos or obtain any weight.

Protein

  • Protein is needed for growth and repair of the body.
  • Protein can also provide energy; 1 gram provides 17 kJ (4 kcal).
  • The amount of protein we need changes during a lifetime.
Join now!

All animal and plant cells contain some protein but the amount of protein present in food varies widely. It is not just the amount of protein that needs to be considered - the quality of the protein is also important and that depends on the amino acids that are present. If a protein contains the indispensable amino acids in the estimated amount required by humans, it is said to have a high biological value. If it is comparatively low in one or more of the essential amino acids it is said to have a low biological value. In general, ...

This is a preview of the whole essay